TY - JOUR TI - Multi-method luminescence dating of late Cenozoic northern Upper Rhine Graben fluvial sediments AU - Geis, Anna-Lena AU - Sontag-González, Mariana AU - Kolb, Thomas AU - Jain, Mayank AU - Fuchs, Markus T2 - Quaternary Geochronology AB - The Upper Rhine Graben (URG) contains one of the most continuous sequences of unconsolidated PlioPleistocene sediments in central Europe. In order to understand the driving factors behind the sedimentation and erosion processes of the river Rhine fluvial system as well as the geological evolution of the rift system during the Quaternary and beyond, numerical dating of the sediments is indispensable. In 2020 and 2021, the Hessian State Agency for Nature Conservation, Environment and Geology (HLNUG) carried out a new continental drilling project near Riedstadt-Erfelden in Hesse, Germany, to obtain further information on the development of the northern part of the URG. Here, we present geochronological information derived from a multi-method luminescence dating approach of samples from the upper section of the core. Preliminary results from optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) of quartz and infrared-radiofluorescence (IR-RF) of K-feldspar are complemented by new measurements using infrared-stimulated luminescence (IRSL), post-infrared-IRSL (pIRIR) and infrared photoluminescence (IRPL). The latter is a relatively novel approach with the usage of a potentially non-fading and non-destructive signal from K-feldspar. For the first time, we apply a multiple elevated temperature (MET)-pIRIR-IRPL single aliquot regenerated dose (SAR) protocol on fluvial samples and present fading rates for the IRSL and IRPL signals derived from the protocol. We find that IRPL ages agree generally well with Middle Pleistocene luminescence ages of previous studies and biostratigraphic data while showing negligible fading and less sensitivity to a varying test dose. OSL ages up to ~65 ka match phases of aggradation reported in earlier studies. Although IRPL and IR-RF ages are thought to arise from the same dosimetric trap, discrepancies in ages observed from both signals could be due to the required difference in sensitivity correction methods, though we note that as the signals approach saturation, the ages from both methods converge (>200 ka). The pIRIR225 and pIRIR290 ages generally overestimate OSL and IRPL ages. Fading correction of IRSL50 ages was not successful as they still underestimate quartz ages. Our results indicate an Elsterian-Holsteinian (MIS 12-11) to late Weichselian (MIS 2) age of the Mannheim formation and a Cromerian (MIS 13–21) deposition of the Ludwigshafen formation. DA - 2025/10// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.quageo.2025.101689 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 90 SP - 101689 J2 - Quaternary Geochronology LA - en SN - 18711014 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1871101425000408 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:18:34 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Investigation of the Use of Naturally Grown CaCO₃ Crystals on Rocks as a Radiation Dosimeter via Thermoluminescence Method AU - Toktamis, Huseyin AU - Güneş, Tamer Sertaç AU - Toktamis, Dilek T2 - Luminescence AB - This study investigates the thermoluminescence (TL) characteristics of naturally occurring CaCO3 crystals found on rocks collected from the Akçatekir region of Adana, Turkey. The research evaluates some of the radiation dosimeter parameters such as dose–response, heating rate, reusability, and fading. Both crystals demonstrate favorable TL properties with distinct TL glow curves. One of the crystals exhibits two prominent TL peaks at approximately 90°C and 235°C, while the other shows peaks around 115°C and 300°C. Both crystals display a broad linear dose–response range from 2 to 576 Gy. Although repeated experiments lead to a reduction in the low-temperature peak, the dosimetric peak (near 220°C) remains largely unaffected. Additionally, TL intensity decreases as the waiting time between irradiation and measurement increases. However, the fading process does not compromise the structural integrity of the crystals or introduce new TL peaks. Given their wide linear dose–response range, strong reusability with standard deviation of 2.71%, and stable dosimetric peak under ambient conditions, these crystals appear to be promising candidates for dosimetric applications. DA - 2025/06// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1002/bio.70217 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 40 IS - 6 SP - e70217 J2 - Luminescence LA - en SN - 1522-7235, 1522-7243 UR - https://analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bio.70217 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:18:32 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Environmental gamma dose rate measurements using cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detectors AU - Kreutzer, Sebastian AU - Martin, Loïc AU - Miallier, Didier AU - Mercier, Norbert T2 - Geochronology AB - Abstract. The accurate and precise determination of the environmental dose rate is pivotal in every trapped-charge dating study. The environmental γ dose rate component can be determined from radionuclide concentrations using conversion factors or directly measured in situ with passive or active detectors. In-field measurements with an active detector are usually inexpensive and straightforward to achieve with adequate equipment and calibration. However, despite the rather widespread use of portable NaI or LaBr3 scintillator detectors, there is a lack of research on the performance and practicality of portable alternative detectors in dating studies, particularly in light of newer developments in the semi-conductor industry. Here, we present our experience with two small portable semi-conductor detectors housing cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) crystals. Given their small volume and low power consumption, we argue they present attractive alternatives for γ dose rate measurements in dating studies. Despite high relative detection efficiency, their small volume may pose different challenges, resulting in impractical measurements in routine studies, and therefore need investigation. In our study, we simulated the particle interaction of the CZT crystal with GEANT4 in different sediment matrices to quantify the energy threshold in the spectrum above which the count/energy count rate correlates with the environmental gamma dose rate irrespective of the origin of the γ photons. We compared these findings with experimentally derived cumulative spectra and dose rate calibration curves constructed from reference sites in France and Germany, which yielded unrealistically low threshold values, likely due to the limited variability of the investigated sites. We additionally report negligible equipment background and required minimal measurement time of only 20 min in typical environments. Cross-checking our calibration on a homogeneous loess deposit near Heidelberg confirmed the setting and assumed performance through a nearly identical γ dose rate of 1107 ± 65 µGy a−1 (CZT) to 1105 ± 11 µGy a−1 (laboratory). The outcome of our study gives credit to our threshold definition. It validates the similarity of the two investigated probes, which may make it straightforward for other laboratories to implement the technique effortlessly. Finally, the implementation of CZT detectors has the potential to streamline fieldwork and enhance the accuracy and precision of trapped-charge dating-based chronologies. DA - 2025/07/16/ PY - 2025 DO - 10.5194/gchron-7-229-2025 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 7 IS - 3 SP - 229 EP - 246 J2 - Geochronology LA - en SN - 2628-3719 UR - https://gchron.copernicus.org/articles/7/229/2025/ Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:18:30 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Combined detection method of LET measurement using CR-39 and TLD in carbon ion radiotherapy AU - Yuan, Zhou AU - Zhuo, Weihai AU - Yang, Zhiyuan AU - Zhao, Jingfang AU - Chen, Bo T2 - Radiation Measurements AB - The measurement of linear energy transfer (LET) distribution in carbon ion therapeutic fields is essential for optimizing beam quality control and enhancing therapeutic outcomes. To address the need for precise LET measurements, this study introduces a novel combined detector integrating CR-39 and thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs). Capitalizing on the respective strengths of each detector, a new method was developed to estimate LET spectra. Validation experiments and applications in both water and lung phantoms demonstrated that the combined detector significantly enhanced measurement accuracy compared to the use of either detector individually. The relative deviation in LETd measurements was controlled within 15 %. These findings suggest that the integrated detector system is highly effective for LET distribution measurements in carbon ion therapy and holds substantial potential for clinical applications. DA - 2025/11// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107511 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 188 SP - 107511 J2 - Radiation Measurements LA - en SN - 13504487 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1350448725001404 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:18:28 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Luminescence dating on ceramics from the Tianjun Shilin Cave around Qinghai lake in the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet plateau AU - Peng, Qiang AU - Sun, Manping AU - Sun, Yongjuan AU - Shi, Yunkun AU - Li, Yanyan AU - E, Chongyi T2 - Quaternary International AB - Ancient humans often sought refuge in natural caves to evade predators and protect themselves from harsh environmental conditions. Archeological investigations have revealed evidence of human activity in numerous natural caves within the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). The chronology of ancient human activity at cave sites is typically determined using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C dating. However, it is challenging to obtain reliable results considering the complex sedimentary environments within these caves. Therefore, it is imperative to employ various dating methods for different materials and elucidate their indicative significance to determine the age of archeological sites. This study compared three distinct dating methods to assess ancient human activity in the Tianjun Shilin Cave within the Qinghai Lake basin in northeastern QTP. AMS 14C dating from the same stratigraphic layer aligns with OSL dating of the ceramic, while OSL dating overestimated the age owing to poor bleachability of minerals within the cave. Due to human activity creating a disordered stratigraphic chronology, the AMS 14C dating exhibited a chronological reversal at a depth of 97 cm. Consequently, ceramic OSL dating was employed to ascertain the age of human activity within the cave. A systematic OSL dating of the ceramics determined that three ceramics were dated to 1.26 ± 0.06, 1.14 ± 0.06, and 1.77 ± 0.12 ka, indicating that human activity in the cave was predominantly concentrated from the Wei Jin Southern and Northern dynasties through the Tang dynasty. In caves with disturbed strata where suitable dating materials are lacking, the use of ceramic dating is preferred to determine the age of the archeological site. DA - 2025/10// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109912 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 746 SP - 109912 J2 - Quaternary International LA - en SN - 10406182 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1040618225002551 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:18:20 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The Helios OSL reader: a portable system for dating and dosimetry applications AU - Majgier, Renata AU - Maternicki, Krzysztof AU - Mandowski, Arkadiusz AU - Moska, Piotr AU - Biernacka, Magdalena AU - Kreutzer, Sebastian T2 - Geochronometria AB - Optical Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) screening has emerged as a significant advancement in the field of luminescence dating applications. The employed portable luminescence readers offer practical and efficient tools for on-site measurements. In contrast to traditional luminescence dating in the laboratory, which often involves analyzing enriched quartz or feldspar mineral separates, portable OSL readers typically measure infrared (IR) or blue post-IR OSL signals from unprocessed bulk material. Here, we present a new device series that can be used as a portable OSL reader for dating purposes and luminescence screening: the OSL Helios reader. The reader has already been used in luminescence laboratories as a bench-top device for dosimetry research for almost twenty years. It recently received significant upgrades for better versatility. Our contribution demonstrates the application of the OSL Helios reader for luminescence screening on a loess profile, where luminescence signal intensities were assessed for specific sedimentological layers. The profile was measured using different versions of the OSL Helios reader, and the results were compared to those of the SUERC reader, which is commonly used as a portable reader in applications. Additionally, standard passive dosimeters (Al2O3:C and BeO), as well as detectors considered for emergency dosimetry (NaCl), were measured to determine the sensitivity of Helios devices. We conclude that the Helios reader performs similarly to the SUERC reader in most standard situations and can be considered an additional option for portable luminescence reader application. DA - 2025/08/06/ PY - 2025 DO - 10.20858/geochr/208873 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 52 IS - 1 J2 - Geochronometria LA - en SN - 1733-8387, 1897-1695 ST - The Helios OSL reader UR - https://www.geochronometria.com/The-Helios-OSL-reader-a-portable-system-for-dating-and-dosimetry-applications,208873,0,2.html Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:18:15 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Portable luminescence for rapidly identifying tsunami dynamics and responses in saltmarshes AU - Smedley, Rachel AU - Pannozzo, Natascia AU - Boyle, John AU - Clarke, David AU - Lario, Javier AU - Plater, Andrew T2 - Science of The Total Environment DA - 2025/11// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180548 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 1002 SP - 180548 J2 - Science of The Total Environment LA - en SN - 00489697 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0048969725021886 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:18:13 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Not fade away – The persistence of fading in feldspar luminescence AU - Riedesel, Svenja T2 - Ancient TL AB - Feldspars are widely used as natural luminescence dosimeters to constrain past geological, geomorphological and archaeological events and processes. Unfortunately, the luminescence of feldspars suffers from an unwanted signal loss over time, termed fading, which affects the reliability, precision, and accuracy of all these applications. This review presents an overview of the research conducted into the cause of and the physical processes behind fading, as well as of research focussed on circumventing, minimising or correction for fading. Fading has been shown to be ubiquitous in feldspars, affecting both thermoluminescence as well as optically (infrared) stimulated luminescence signals. The most widely accepted physical explanation for fading is quantum mechanical tunnelling of trapped electrons from the ground state of the electron trapping centre to a nearby recombination centre, however, other mechanisms have been proposed, and some of these different explanations are outlined here. Since fading causes an underestimation of the luminescence age, it is necessary to accurately constrain the rate of fading for a given sample, as well as to develop robust methods for correcting the obtained luminescence signal for fading. This review explains how the rate of fading can be determined in the laboratory, and how this can be used to correct the obtained luminescence signal or luminescence age for fading. This review aims at presenting key ﬁndings and selected studies as a means to introduce the topic to new researchers in the ﬁeld of luminescence dating, while hoping that more experienced luminescence researchers might also discover some new information. DA - 2025/07/30/ PY - 2025 DO - https://doi.org/10.26034/la.atl.2025.7620 DP - Zotero VL - 43 IS - 1 SP - 9 EP - 19 LA - en ER - TY - JOUR TI - Luminescence dating illuminates soil evolution AU - Zhang, Aimin AU - Long, Hao AU - Yang, Fei AU - Zhang, Jingran AU - Peng, Jun AU - Zhang, Ganlin T2 - Earth-Science Reviews AB - Understanding soil chronology and evolution processes is fundamental for forecasting soil development and implementing effective conservation and management strategies. However, traditional quantitative methods that rely on radiogenic isotopic dating of secondary soil components (such as humus and pedogenic carbonates) often yield unreliable results due to soil’s nature as an open system, where elemental cycling can substantially alter age signatures. This review presents an alternative perspective on soil evolution by examining common soil mineral grains, such as quartz and feldspar, using luminescence dating techniques, which determine the last time sediments were exposed to light. Over the past two decades, advances in single-grain luminescence dating have empowered the method’s capacity to analyze dynamic, mixed soil systems. This review introduces the principles of luminescence dating and outlines its diverse applications across soil types. We list and explain indicators for quantifying soil mixing, methodologies for dating soils of varying disturbance degrees, and their application in reconstructing soil-landscape evolution processes. Finally, we highlight the advantages, challenges, and future directions for luminescence dating in soil evolution research. We conclude that luminescence dating holds significant promise as a tool for investigating soil evolution over time scales ranging from decades to millennia. DA - 2025/06// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.earscirev.2025.105103 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 265 SP - 105103 J2 - Earth-Science Reviews LA - en SN - 00128252 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0012825225000649 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:17:52 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Testing micro-aliquot SGC and LnTn methods for age determination up to 780 ka using coarse K-feldspar grains from Nihewan Basin, northern China AU - Xu, Shengxia AU - Rui, Xue AU - Guo, Yujie AU - Li, Bo T2 - Quaternary Geochronology AB - The Nihewan Basin in northern China is a key region for the study of Paleolithic archaeology of East Asia, due to the discovery of Paleolithic sites with ages spanning the entire Pleistocene. However, many Paleolithic sites assigned to the Middle to Late Pleistocene are still not dated or poorly dated, which affects our understanding the stone tool technology evolution in the Nihewan Basin. The post-infrared infrared stimulated luminescence (pIRIR) signal from potassium-rich feldspar grains can be applied to date Middle to Late Pleistocene sediments, as this signal has significantly lower fading rate. In this study, to establish a robust chronological framework of the Nihewan Paleolithic sites more effectively, a micro-aliquot (MA) standardised growth curve (SGC) was constructed for pIRIR dating. The established MA SGC was tested for sediments up to 780 ka, and the obtained MA SGC De results were compared with those from single-aliquot (SA) measurement. Results from a number of tests suggest that the disagreement between MA and SA results is due to a small amount of anomalous fading in dimmer grains, which can be corrected by Tn threshold. By projecting the weighted mean Ln/Tn ratios (after Tn threshold correction) onto the MA SGC, the obtained pIRIR ages increase from top to bottom, and the sample from just above the B/M boundary (~780 ka) yielded an age of 725+111779 ka, which is consistent with the expected age. Our result suggested that the MA SGC method can reduce instrument time and has the potential to provide reliable age up to ~700–800 ka in this region. DA - 2025/06// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.quageo.2025.101673 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 88 SP - 101673 J2 - Quaternary Geochronology LA - en SN - 18711014 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S187110142500024X Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:17:43 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Shallow translational landslides on the east face of Araripe Plateau, northeastern Brazil: SHALSTAB model and Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating AU - Bispo, C.O. AU - Listo, F.L.R. AU - Listo, D.G.S. T2 - Journal of South American Earth Sciences AB - The Araripe Plateau stands out as one of the most important relief features of the Brazilian semiarid region, where shallow translational landslides occur. Thus, the purpose of this research was to assess the susceptibility to these processes on the east face of the Araripe Plateau, considering both the current (~100 years) and past time scales. To analyze the current dynamics, the SHALSTAB (Shallow Landslide Stability Model) deterministic model was used, which analyzed recent landslides, validating the results based on an inventory of scars and on the Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis. To assess past dynamics, the Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating technique was employed, as well as a granulometric study, correlating these data with events documented in the Quaternary. The combination of the predictive model and the OSL dating revealed that the quaternary morphogenesis of the Araripe Plateau relief results from glacial cycles and tropical paleoclimatic changes, responsible for erosive and pedogenic processes that molded several morphological configurations in time. The correlation between these climate phenomena indicates a period of heavy rainfall, increasing the susceptibility to shallow translational landslides. DA - 2025/08// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.jsames.2025.105582 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 162 SP - 105582 J2 - Journal of South American Earth Sciences LA - en SN - 08959811 ST - Shallow translational landslides on the east face of Araripe Plateau, northeastern Brazil UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0895981125002445 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:17:41 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Evaluating the effects of increased stimulation power on a beryllium oxide real-time optically stimulated luminescence fibre-coupled dosimeter AU - Lukas, Erin AU - Santos, Alexandre M.C. AU - Ganija, Miftar AU - Veitch, Peter T2 - Radiation Measurements AB - We report the development and testing of a fibre-coupled, real-time optically stimulated luminescence (rtOSL) beryllium oxide (BeO) dosimeter with a 3 W fibre-coupled laser diode, upgraded from the previous iteration’s 40 mW laser. The high laser power coupled to the 1 mm long, 1 mm diameter BeO ceramic pellet resulted in rtOSL signals with significantly larger signal-to-noise ratios. The rtOSL signals exhibited increased nonlinearity with irradiation time due to the increased bleaching power of the detector. This signal nonlinearity was corrected using depletion and deconvolution correction techniques, producing signals with a mean absolute difference (MAD) from their linear fits of 4.0 % and 2.1 % respectively. The corrected rtOSL signals were observed to be linear with dose rate and stem effect-free. DA - 2025/06// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107439 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 184 SP - 107439 J2 - Radiation Measurements LA - en SN - 13504487 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S135044872500068X Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:17:39 ER - TY - JOUR TI - ANN-Based Prediction of OSL Decay Curves in Quartz from Turkish Mediterranean Beach Sand AU - Yüksel, Mehmet AU - Deniz, Fırat AU - Ünsal, Emre T2 - Crystals AB - Quartz is a widely used mineral in dosimetric and geochronological applications due to its stable luminescence properties under ionizing radiation. This study presents an artificial neural network (ANN)-based approach to predict the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) decay curves of quartz extracted from Mediterranean beach sand samples in Turkey. Experimental OSL signals were obtained from quartz samples irradiated with beta doses ranging from 0.1 Gy to 1034.9 Gy. The dataset was used to train ANN models with three different learning algorithms: Levenberg–Marquardt (LM), Bayesian Regularization (BR), and Scaled Conjugate Gradient (SCG). Forty-seven decay curves were used for training and three for testing. The ANN models were evaluated based on regression accuracy, training–validation–test performance, and their predictive capability for low, medium, and high doses (1 Gy, 72.4 Gy, 465.7 Gy). The results showed that BR achieved the highest overall regression (R = 0.99994) followed by LM (R = 0.99964) and SCG (R = 0.99820), confirming the superior generalization and fits across all dose ranges. LM performs optimally at low-to-moderate doses, and SCG delivers balanced yet slightly noisier predictions. The proposed ANN-based method offers a robust and effective alternative to conventional kinetic modeling approaches for analyzing OSL decay behavior and holds considerable potential for advancing luminescence-based retrospective dosimetry and OSL dating applications. DA - 2025/08/19/ PY - 2025 DO - 10.3390/cryst15080733 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 15 IS - 8 SP - 733 J2 - Crystals LA - en SN - 2073-4352 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/15/8/733 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:17:37 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Drainage evolution in response to the growing northeastern Tibetan Plateau: Provenance analysis from drill core of the Jinta Basin (NW China) AU - Li, Xiaohua AU - Chen, Dianbao AU - Pan, Baotian AU - Garzanti, Eduardo AU - Huang, Duo AU - Wang, Ke AU - Chen, Dexuan AU - Hu, Donghong AU - Liu, Wei AU - Fu, Xiangnan T2 - Geomorphology AB - The landscape evolution under the interplaying effect of tectonic activity and climate change can be reconstructed by investigating the fluvial response to allogenic-autogenic controls. The mountain-basin system in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau represents a well-suited natural laboratory for such research. In this study, we focused on the 268-m-long drilling core “Liangjiazhuang” (LJZ) from the Jinta Basin at the northeastern Tibetan Plateau. Based on provenance analysis by heavy minerals, the evolution history of the Beida River, and its tributaries such as Taolai and Hongshuiba rivers since ~3.4 Ma was reconstructed. The coarse-grained gravels represent high energy with a heavy mineral suite similar to that of the modern Taolai River testifies to provenance from the Qilian Shan since ~3.4 Ma. After ~3.0–2.6 Ma, the deposition of fine-grained sediments in low energy combined with increasing epidote and amphibole derived from basement rocks of the Jintanan Shan indicate the hydrological link between the Jiudong and Jinta basins has weakened. The re-occurrence of highenergy coarse-grained deposits with provenance signals of modern Taolai and Hongshuiba rivers at ~1.2 Ma, ~0.65 Ma, respectively, representing headwater erosion and river capture due to the continuing thrusting of the Qilian Shan. Until ~15–12 ka, the S–N basin-ward extension of the Jintanan Shan, combined with climate fluctuation caused channel diversions away from the orogenic belt and the formation of the modern Beida River drainage pattern. Our reconstruction of the drainage evolution in the Jinta Basin underscores the combined effects of tectonic uplift and climate change on river evolution, especially in active thrust-fold belts. DA - 2025/10// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.109892 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 486 SP - 109892 J2 - Geomorphology LA - en SN - 0169555X ST - Drainage evolution in response to the growing northeastern Tibetan Plateau UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0169555X25003022 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:23:45 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Alluvial fan aggradation during the MIS 6 sea‐level lowstand in the lower reach of the Tenryu River, Japan AU - Ishii, Yuji T2 - Earth Surface Processes and Landforms AB - Alluvial fans in coastal regions serve as valuable archives of past climate variability, but the potential insights that could be derived from their aggradational histories remain largely unexplored. In this study, the depositional history of the 60-m-thick Iwatahara terrace deposits along the coastal Tenryu River, central Japan, was reconstructed based on post-IR IRSL dating of K-feldspar grains. Multi-grain measurements of both pIRIR50/150 and pIRIR50/225 signals, along with single-grain measurements of pIRIR50/225, were conducted to estimate depositional ages. Fading corrections were applied using different models, and their validity was evaluated based on the corrected ages of lagoonal muds independently dated to MIS 7c. Among the various combinations of fading correction models and luminescence signals, the close agreement between the pIRIR50/225 ages corrected using one of the models and the expected age range for MIS 7c led to the selection of this model–signal combination as a reasonable approach for constraining depositional age. The results revealed three distinct phases of fan aggradation during MIS 8–6: 255–245 ka, 220–210 ka, and a major episode at 180–160 ka. Notably, the 180–160 ka deposits overlie those attributed to the MIS 7 sea-level highstand ( 215 ka), despite an overall sea-level fall after 200 ka. This stratigraphic relationship may indicate that the effects of fluvial incision driven by sea-level fall were outpaced by a substantially increased sediment supply from upstream during this period. The significant aggradation at 180–160 ka may have been driven primarily by enhanced sediment supply, resulting from intensified East Asian summer monsoon precipitation and widespread slope instability linked to a lowered treeline and reduced vegetation cover during this glacial period. These findings underscore the importance of thick alluvial fan deposits as sensitive recorders of climatic fluctuations. DA - 2025/09/15/ PY - 2025 DO - 10.1002/esp.70146 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 50 IS - 11 SP - e70146 J2 - Earth Surf Processes Landf LA - en SN - 0197-9337, 1096-9837 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/esp.70146 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:23:36 ER - TY - JOUR TI - A Terrestrial record of ∼3000 years of extreme floods from the Kaveri and adjacent river basins, Tamil Nadu, India AU - Mahadev AU - Behera, Diptimayee AU - Kumar, Pankaj AU - Jaiswal, Manoj Kumar AU - Singh, Atul Kumar T2 - Quaternary International AB - Extreme flood events have played a crucial role in shaping the fluvial landscape of the Kaveri River basin, impacting agriculture, water resources, and human settlements. However, due to the limited availability of instrumental and historical records, the long-term recurrence of these extreme events and their relationship with climatic fluctuations remain poorly understood. This study reconstructs the history of extreme flood events in the lower Kaveri Basin and adjoining river systems, over the past 3000 years using detailed sedimentological analysis and Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating. Field investigations identified well-preserved slack water deposits (SWDs), levee sediments, and overbank flood layers, which serve as reliable archives of past highmagnitude flood events. These deposits exhibit distinctive sedimentary facies, including fining-upward sequences, abrupt basal contacts, and poorly sorted sand-silt-clay layers, which confirm their deposition under high-energy flood conditions rather than by gradual channel migration processes. The OSL dating results indicate major flood events at approximately 40 years, 150 years, 1.7 ka, and 2.85 ka, demonstrating episodic flood recurrence over millennial timescales. The 40-year event closely aligns with the timeframe of the catastrophic 1977 flood, while the older flood events correspond to major climatic transitions. The recurrence of extreme flood events in the Kaveri Basin suggests a strong link between flood magnitude and Indian Monsoon variability, with monsoon intensification, shifts in the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), and cyclone activity in the Bay of Bengal acting as primary drivers of hydrological extremes in the region. Additionally, sediment transport mechanisms and depositional environments influence the bleaching efficiency of quartz grains, affecting the reliability of luminescence ages. DA - 2025/07// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109856 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 738 SP - 109856 J2 - Quaternary International LA - en SN - 10406182 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1040618225001995 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:23:34 ER - TY - JOUR TI - A first chronological framework for fluvial terrace deposits of the Kampar Kanan River, Indonesia AU - Yuskar, Yuniarti AU - Kranz-Bartz, Melanie AU - Schmidt, Christoph AU - Choanji, Tiggi AU - Lane, Stuart AU - King, Georgina T2 - Geochronometria AB - Late Quaternary landscape evolution in tropical environments, such as Indonesia, remains poorly constrained due to limited prior studies and mineral properties that are challenging for luminescence dating. In this study, singleand multi-grain luminescence measurements of quartz and K-feldspar were explored for fill terrace deposits at the Kampar Kanan River, Indonesia. Our objective is to develop a chrono-stratigraphic framework that allows the reconstruction of late Quaternary fluvial morpho-dynamics, including climatic change. Quartz measurements were made using blue and green stimulation and single-aliquot regenerative dose (SAR) and double SAR protocols. However, as none of the quartz signals were fast component-dominated, they were not used for dating. Infrared-stimulated luminescence of multiple grains of K-feldspar at 50°C (IR50) and post-infrared infrared-stimulated luminescence at 225°C (pIR50IRSL225) yielded sufficiently bright signal intensities for dating, and ages were calculated using either the average dose (ADM) or minimum age model (MAM). The luminescence chronology based on fading corrected pIR50IRSL225 data yields ages from Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 6 or earlier to MIS 1. The chrono-stratigraphy indicates that the river was likely aggradational during climate transitions from wet to dry with the deposition of more gravelly material, and erosional during colder periods when overbank deposition of fines may have been coincident with increased vertical river erosion due to a stronger monsoon. DA - 2025/06/06/ PY - 2025 DO - 10.20858/geochr/205688 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 52 IS - 1 J2 - Geochronometria LA - en SN - 1733-8387, 1897-1695 UR - https://www.geochronometria.com/A-first-chronological-framework-for-fluvial-terrace-deposits-of-the-Kampar-Kanan,205688,0,2.html Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:23:28 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Holocene and recent valley-bottom sediment storage decouples natural and anthropogenic hillslope erosion from sediment delivery to streams at time scales of 10¹ –10⁴ yr in a third-order Yangtze River basin, Sichuan, China AU - Collins, Brian D. AU - Schmidt, Amanda H. AU - Harrell, Stevan AU - Aalto, Rolf AU - Feathers, James AU - Tang, Ya T2 - Quaternary Research AB - To assess the time scales and relative importance of temporal decoupling between hillslope erosion and the introduction of sediment to streams in a Yangtze River headwater basin, we used multiple techniques to date sediments in alluvial fans and terraces in a third-order stream valley draining a 30-km2 catchment in SW Sichuan, China. Poorly sorted angular sediments in tributary-junction alluvial fans ranged in age from 11261 BCE to 1844 CE, and predominantly fine-grained overbank sediments in alluvial terraces date to approximately 1700–1950. Ethnographic observations and field mapping of hillslope soil depths indicate that terrace sediments and upper strata of several fans correspond to a period of hillslope erosion associated with the intensification of hillslope swidden agriculture. Contemporary sediment production is dominated by lateral fluvial erosion of valley-bottom landforms rather than by hillslope erosion. The long-term temporal decoupling by valley storage of hillslope erosion from sediment delivery to streams has relevance to contemporary hillslope erosion and sedimentation control efforts in the Yangtze Basin. It also motivates investigating whether valley-filling anthropogenic “legacy sediments” may play a role in decoupling hillslope erosion from sediment production in other Yangtze Basin headwater basins. DA - 2025/11// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1017/qua.2025.22 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 128 SP - 9 EP - 31 J2 - Quat. res. LA - en SN - 0033-5894, 1096-0287 UR - https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0033589425000225/type/journal_article Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:23:26 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Luminescence and radiocarbon dating the Naisiusiu Beds type section and timing of the Middle Stone Age/Later Stone Age transition at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania AU - Stanistreet, Ian G. AU - Stollhofen, Harald AU - Smedley, Rachel K. AU - Fenn, Kaja AU - Ambrose, Stanley H. AU - Njau, Jackson K. AU - Schick, Kathy AU - Toth, Nicholas T2 - Journal of Human Evolution AB - The Olduvai Gorge Naisiusiu Beds and Ndutu Beds are signiﬁcant for understanding the cultural and biological evolution of Homo sapiens. However, the timing and span of deposition of these beds is poorly understood. We present a chronology based on luminescence dates for sedimentary drill core samples and one ostrich eggshell (OES) radiocarbon date from the Naisiusiu type section outcrop. The Naisiusiu Beds type section rests on the Olduvai protogorge ﬂoor, on a post-Ndutu incisional surface that eroded through older Olduvai Beds (~80 m) into the top of the Bed I Basalt. The estimated minimum thickness of the Naisiusiu Beds within the gorge is >13.3 m. Three lithostratigraphic units were identiﬁed in the 9.2m-thick type section: The lower unit comprises alternating ﬂuvial/hyperconcentrated ﬂow sediments and yields an OES date of 49,728 ± 1378 cal year BP; the middle unit is composed of predominantly ﬂuvial sediments containing Later Stone Age (LSA) artifacts and faunal remains, dating between 34.2 ± 2.8 ka and 24.0 ± 2.0 ka; and the upper unit comprises volcaniclastic hyperconcentrated ﬂow deposits with interstratiﬁed carbonate-cemented surfaces, dating between 24.0 ± 2.0 ka and 19.6 ± 1.6 ka. Slower accretion rates of the middle unit (7.3 cm/ka) are associated with repeated ﬂuvial cutting and ﬁlling. Upper Naisiusiu stacks of hyperconcentrated ﬂows and intervening hiatuses have faster accretion rates (54.9 cm/ka). The OES radiocarbon date of 49,728 ± 1378 cal year BP (modeled age ¼ 49,498 ± 2385 BP) from the top part of the lower unit indicates that the type section extends back to >50 ka. The LSA assemblage is associated with sediments dated to 34.2 ± 2.8 ka using luminescence. A date of 62.7 ± 5.6 ka on the youngest Middle Stone Age occurrence in the underlying Ndutu Beds at Type Locality 26 provides a maximum age for the Middle Stone Age/LSA transition at the Olduvai Gorge. DA - 2025/10// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.jhevol.2025.103675 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 207 SP - 103675 J2 - Journal of Human Evolution LA - en SN - 00472484 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0047248425000284 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:23:24 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Headward incision of large rivers in response to glacial sea level fall AU - Lai, Zhongping AU - Liu, Yuexin AU - Wu, Ziyuan AU - Xu, Yantian AU - Fang, Zibin AU - Montgomery, David R T2 - Science Advances DA - 2025/06/25/ PY - 2025 DO - 10.1126/sciadv.adr5446 DP - Zotero VL - 11 IS - 26 LA - en ER - TY - JOUR TI - Luminescence dating of core sediments from Jining of Shandong Province in the lower Yellow River Plain and its geomorphological implications AU - Yuan, Weitao AU - Liu, Bohui AU - Wu, Zhiyan AU - Wang, Yongkui AU - Sun, Zengbing AU - Zhou, Xiaojun AU - Tian, Ruonan AU - Yan, Bingpeng AU - Lai, Zhongping T2 - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology AB - The Yellow River is the primary force shaping the landscape of the North China Plain. Historically, the river main channel migrated to northern and southern directions alternatively, divided by the central Shandong Mountains. Previous sedimentological and chronological studies have mainly concentrated on the areas to the northern of the Yellow River, and are scarce in the southern areas. The Jining area in the southwest Shandong Plain, part of southward migration area, and its sedimentology was characterized by frequent floodings and lakes during the Holocene, whose landforms had been dramatically altered by avulsions of the Yellow River. Studies using drilling cores have mainly focused on regional geological and stratigraphic surveys, with very limited chronological data, which impeded the understanding of geomorphic evolution and the Yellow River avulsion. In this study, 16 optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) samples were collected from the upper 10 m of core JZK05 (130 m in depth) to establish a chronological framework using quartz OSL dating method. Results indicated that the OSL ages ranged from >123 ± 12 ka to 0.14 ± 0.01 ka, and revealed three sedimentary hiatuses at age gaps of 0.48–1.31 ka, 2.66–4.41 ka, to 5.20–47.7 ka, respectively. The earliest sedimentary hiatus was caused by headward erosion during low sea level, and the other two were inferred to be related to the diversions of the Yellow River. The Holocene sediments, beginning at approximately 5.2 ka, exhibited episodic accumulation patterns with frequent transitions between flood and lacustrine facies. The formation of lakes occurred in three main phases: around 4 ka, 2–2.5 ka, and 1 ka, closely linked to the Yellow River diversions and floodings. Our dating results indicated that caution should be taken when reconstructing paleoenvironment using proxies without corresponding high-resolution age control, as sediment accumulation in floodplains often occurred as episodic events, not continuous. These findings provide insights into the interplay between natural flooding events and climate changes in shaping the region’s landscape. DA - 2025/10// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.palaeo.2025.113042 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 675 SP - 113042 J2 - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology LA - en SN - 00310182 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S003101822500327X Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:23:18 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Vertical distribution and post-depositional translocation of microplastics in a Rhine floodplain soil AU - Seidel, Pauline AU - Rolf, Markus AU - Holzinger, Anja AU - Gröbner, Marie AU - Riedesel, Svenja AU - Laermanns, Hannes AU - Feldhaar, Heike AU - Laforsch, Christian AU - Loeder, Martin G. J. AU - Bogner, Christina T2 - Microplastics and Nanoplastics AB - Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous in the environment, but their vertical movement in undisturbed soils is poorly understood. This study investigates MP distribution and transport in one 110 cm soil profile from a Rhine River floodplain, Germany. Nine soil samples were analyzed for MP content, grain size distribution, bulk density, porosity, and organic carbon content. MPs (10 µm to 5 mm) were characterized by size, shape, and polymer type using ATRFTIR and µFTIR. Biological activity was assessed through earthworm species identification and abundance, and sediment deposition was dated using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL). To our knowledge, this is one of the first studies to integrate detailed field observations with dating results to draw conclusions about the vertical displacement of microplastics. MPs were detected at all depths, with 81.3%–96.6% being 10–150 µm in size, predominantly fragments and spheres. Concentrations peaked at 790,497 particles kg−1dry soil between 38 and 45 cm, where rootand earthworm-formed macropores facilitated transport. Below this depth, reduced porosity limited movement, favoring smaller MPs. OSL dating indicated sedimentation before the 1950s/60s below 20 cm, suggesting vertical transport of MPs. Therefore, we would advise to be careful using small MPs as stratigraphic markers for the Anthropocene. Although analysing just one soil profile, this study highlights the role of biological activity and soil structure in MP translocation and emphasizes the need to account for small MPs in floodplain studies to avoid underestimating their environmental presence. DA - 2025/08/13/ PY - 2025 DO - 10.1186/s43591-025-00142-9 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 5 IS - 1 SP - 34 J2 - Micropl.&Nanopl. LA - en SN - 2662-4966 UR - https://microplastics.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s43591-025-00142-9 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:23:15 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Evolution of a landslide‐dammed lake during the Holocene: Records from lacustrine and fan‐delta successions in southeastern Tibet AU - Yang, Anna AU - Hu, Kaiheng AU - Wang, Hao AU - Liu, Weiming AU - Zhang, Qiyuan AU - Liu, Shuang AU - Li, Hao T2 - Earth Surface Processes and Landforms AB - Landslide- or glacier-dammed lakes and associated catastrophic outburst floods represent key geomorphological agents in shaping fluvial landscapes in high-altitude, steep mountain environments. Previous studies have reported hundreds of Late Pleistocene moraine/glacier and landslide dams caused by glacier advances or seismic activity across the southeastern Tibetan Plateau, and confirmed that these dammed lakes significantly impeded river incision into the plateau interior. However, comprehensive exploration for geomorphological and sedimentological records documenting the complete evolutionary cycles of such dammed lakes remains scarce. This study identifies a well-preserved lacustrine-fan delta sedimentary succession associated with the Xiaqu dammed lake in the Yigong Tsangpo basin. Through integrated field observations, sedimentological analyses and chronological data obtained through optical stimulated luminescence (OSL) and AMS radiocarbon dating techniques, we reconstruct the full evolutionary history of the lake, which underwent five distinct evolutionary stages, including initial formation, abrupt failure, secular stability, sedimentary infilling and fluvial incision. The initial landslide dam created at a height of 2,650 m above sea level (a.s.l.) may experience rapid breaching when lake water overtopped the crest, triggering outburst flood event(s). Continuous lacustrine sediments deposited between 4.74 ka and 3.11 ka imply a relative stability period for the remnant dammed lake. Subsequent fluvial deposits, unconformably overlying lacustrine sediments post-siltation, are dated to slightly later than 1.48 ka cal. BP. Furthermore, compiled climate proxy indicators and paleo-landslide inventories at the margins of the Tibetan Plateau provide insights into the roles of extreme events and climate change in the evolution of fluvial landscapes within a regional context. DA - 2025/06/30/ PY - 2025 DO - 10.1002/esp.70104 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 50 IS - 8 SP - e70104 J2 - Earth Surf Processes Landf LA - en SN - 0197-9337, 1096-9837 ST - Evolution of a landslide‐dammed lake during the Holocene UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/esp.70104 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:23:12 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Chronology of glacial megafloods in the Baikal-Patom Upland (South Siberia): New geochronological constraints AU - Arzhannikova, A.V. AU - Arzhannikov, S.G. AU - Tetenkin, A.V. AU - Chebotarev, A.A. AU - Timofeeva, I.V. AU - Efremova, U.S. AU - Gladkochub, E.A. AU - Bryanskiy, N.V. T2 - Quaternary International AB - The Baikal-Patom Upland (South Siberia) preserves evidence of catastrophic outburst floods from glacial lakes formed in the Muya Basin through the repeated damming of the Vitim River by Pleistocene glaciers. While previous studies identified three major Late Pleistocene megafloods, occurring at ~56, ~34 and 15–20 kyr BP (Margold, M., Jansen, J.D., Codilean, A.T., Preusser, F., Gurinov, A.L., Fujioka, T., Fink, D., 2018. Repeated megafloods from glacial Lake Vitim, Siberia, to the Arctic Ocean over the past 60,000 years. Quat. Sci. Rev. 187, 41–61), inconsistencies with archaeological data and limited geochronological constraints necessitated a revised chronology. In this study, we combine OSL dating of fluvial sediments, U-Pb detrital zircon provenance analysis, and a re-evaluation of published radiocarbon data associated with ice-dammed palaeolakes in the Muya Basin, to refine the timing of these megafloods. Our results reveal three major outburst events: (1) ~52–53 kyr BP (Tukalaktin palaeolake, MIS 4), (2) ~37–37.5 kyr BP (Kobylin palaeolake, MIS 3), and (3) ~21–22.3 kyr BP (Ulan-Makit palaeolake, MIS 2). The largest flood (~37–37.5 kyr BP) deposited sediments up to 260 m above the modern Vitim River, as confirmed by zircon signatures distinct from local tributary alluvium. Constraining the timing of the youngest megaflood to ~21–22.3 kyr BP showed that it predates all archaeological sites in the lower Vitim Valley, thus resolving previous inconsistencies. The outburst floods correlate with Heinrich Stadials (H5, H4 and H2) and synchronous glacial retreats in Siberia and northern Mongolia, implicating climate-driven ice-dam failures. Our findings provide a robust framework for understanding Pleistocene glacial lake outburst floods in continental interiors, as well as their role in shaping fluvial landscapes. DA - 2025/11// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.quaint.2025.110004 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 749 SP - 110004 J2 - Quaternary International LA - en SN - 10406182 ST - Chronology of glacial megafloods in the Baikal-Patom Upland (South Siberia) UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1040618225003477 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:23:02 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Luminescence dating of glaciofluvial deposits using single-grain K-feldspar in the Urumqi River headwaters of the Tianshan Mountains AU - Li, Hongyu AU - Yao, Pan AU - Ou, Xianjiao AU - Xu, Yantian AU - Yang, Kunmei AU - Liu, Jingfeng AU - 1. College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China|2. College of Geography and Tourism, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514015, Guangdong, China AU - 2. College of Geography and Tourism, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514015, Guangdong, China AU - 2. College of Geography and Tourism, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514015, Guangdong, China AU - 2. College of Geography and Tourism, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514015, Guangdong, China AU - 2. College of Geography and Tourism, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514015, Guangdong, China AU - 1. College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China T2 - Progress in Geography DA - 2025/// PY - 2025 DO - 10.18306/dlkxjz.2025.10.015 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 44 IS - 10 SP - 2203 EP - 2214 LA - zh SN - 1007-6301 UR - https://www.progressingeography.com/CN/10.18306/dlkxjz.2025.10.015 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:22:59 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Spatio-temporal variability of Quaternary glaciation in the arid alpine Spiti basin, Trans-Himalaya: Insights from luminescence dating and sedimentological analyses AU - Sharma, Uday AU - Ray, Yogesh AU - Sagwal, Sumit AU - Sangode, Satish J. T2 - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology AB - The Himalaya-Hindu Kush, Tibetan Plateau and adjoining mountainous region of Asia, also termed the third pole, constitutes the most extensively glaciated region outside the Arctic and Antarctic. The spatio-temporal glacial fluctuations in this region are influenced by the interplay of two major climatic systems, the Indian Summer Monsoon [ISM] and Mid-Latitude Westerlies [MLW] (Benn and Owen, 2002). It is evident through earlier studies that the region was much more extensively glaciated during the late Quaternary compared to the present, with large spatio-temporal variation (Owen and Dortch, 2014). The sensitivity of these palaeoglaciations is more complicated in the transitional climatic zones on the southern fringe of Trans-Himalaya compared to other regions. Here, the interplay of both ISM and MLW forces influences the glacial advance and retreat. Most palaeo-glaciation reconstruction studies in these transitional settings are challenging and limited to the Zanskar and Chandra basin, downstream of active glacial fringes. In the Spiti basin, though, further S-SE, the palaeo-glaciation reconstruction becomes more complicated due to limited glaciers and sparse preservation of glacial deposits downstream. Imprints of past glaciation within the Spiti basin are mostly erased or modified by the fluvial reworking; however, a few sporadic sections remain scattered across the basin at different altitudes and locations. The present study synthesised these sparsely preserved signatures using detailed fieldwork, lithofacies analyses and clast macro-fabric studies. The chronology is established using luminescence dating. Our work, revealed the substantial spatio-temporal variability of glaciation within Spiti itself, where the higher reaches of Spiti in the S-SE were found to be glaciated during the MIS-2 (~29 ka–~16 ka), and the N-NE regions were found to be glaciated much earlier (~100 ka & ~58–43 ka) with no evidence of glacial advance during Last Glacial Maxima (LGM). DA - 2025/12// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.palaeo.2025.113322 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 679 SP - 113322 J2 - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology LA - en SN - 00310182 ST - Spatio-temporal variability of Quaternary glaciation in the arid alpine Spiti basin, Trans-Himalaya UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0031018225006078 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:22:57 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Viscous heating in sediments as a 'Zeroing' mechanism in luminescence dating of sand dikes for paleoseismological investigations AU - Tyagi, A.K. AU - Kumar, D. AU - Murari, M.K. AU - Singh, R.N. AU - Singhvi, A.K. T2 - Earth and Planetary Science Letters AB - This contribution examines the possibility of directly determining the timing of paleoseismic events by luminescence dating of sediments in sand dikes. Sand dikes are water escape structures (liquefaction features) formed in soft sediments due to the passage of seismically generated Rayleigh waves. Blending earlier studies of a crack dilatation model for the creation of sand dikes (Levi et al., 2008) and the studies on sonication of crystal slurries (Eddingsaas and Suslick, 2006), we posit that kinematic viscosity during the injection of liquefied sediments leads to a local transient heating of the injected material. Theoretical analysis of the injection process developed in this study shows that the instantaneous viscous flow of a sediment-water mixture through cracks in the overlying sedimentary strata can generate local temperatures of 350 ◦C or even more. Such temperatures can reset the luminescence signal of quartz grains in the liquefied sediments. Thereafter, the luminescence signal acquired by the quartz grains from their ambient natural radiation environment enables direct dating of these sediments; i.e. the timing of the causal earthquake. Given that the injection velocity (and hence the temperature rise) is highest at the centre of a dike, the sampling was from the core region of dikes. DA - 2025/11// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119578 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 670 SP - 119578 J2 - Earth and Planetary Science Letters LA - en SN - 0012821X UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0012821X25003760 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:22:55 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Reservoir impoundment induced the revival of toppling paleo-landslide in the upper reaches of the Yellow River: a case of Darou landslide AU - Hu, Xiaolong AU - Ju, Nengpan AU - Zhao, Jianjun AU - Feng, Qianqian AU - Zhao, Weihua AU - Huang, Jian AU - Xie, Mingli T2 - Landslides AB - Analyzing the triggering mechanisms and evolution processes of reservoir-induced landslides is essential for assessing their stability and providing appropriate solutions for reservoir operators. This study focuses on the Darou (DR) landslide, which is a toppling paleo-landslide.We investigate the triggering mechanisms, deformation characteristics, and evolution of this landslide through detailed field investigations, borehole data, monitoring results, and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating. The findings indicate that the DR landslide is a multistage toppling failure that occurred in the late Pleistocene. Its evolution process consists of four main stages: epigenetic reformation, time-dependent deformation, progressive deformation, and sliding failure. Before the impoundment, the landslide was predominantly creeping, except for the significant deformation caused by the Wenchuan earthquake 2008. However, after the impoundment, a strong deformation response occurred on its surface and subsurface. The maximum displacement is approximately 2310 mm on the ground and 890 mm underground. Moreover, some significant displacements below the deep sliding zone were monitored at In01, In02, and In08, with displacements of 50, 40, and 100 mm, respectively. Through integrated analysis, it was found that this phenomenon was closely related to the toppling residues. The findings in this study could provide some help in the design of reinforcements and management for toppling landslides under similar geological settings. DA - 2025/11// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1007/s10346-025-02570-3 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 22 IS - 11 SP - 3743 EP - 3757 J2 - Landslides LA - en SN - 1612-510X, 1612-5118 ST - Reservoir impoundment induced the revival of toppling paleo-landslide in the upper reaches of the Yellow River UR - https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10346-025-02570-3 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:22:50 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Preliminary Study on the Activity of the Rupture Zone in the Eastern Segment of the Ba Co Fault in Ngari Prefecture, Tibet AU - Yao, Yunsheng AU - Shao, Yanxiu AU - Zhang, Bo T2 - Geosciences AB - The lack of research on the slip behavior of the NW-trending faults in the central Tibetan Plateau constrains our understanding of the deformation models for this region. The Ba Co Fault, located in the central Tibetan Plateau, is a NW–SE-trending right-lateral strikeslip fault. Its eastern section has been active in the Holocene and plays an important accommodating role in the northward compression and east–west extension of the Tibetan Plateau. This study presents a detailed analysis of the geomorphic features of the eastern section of the Ba Co Fault in the Ngari Prefecture of Tibet, precisely measuring the newly discovered surface rupture zone on its eastern side and preliminarily discussing the activity of the fault based on the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating results. The results reveal that the eastern segment of the Ba Co Fault displays geomorphic evidence of offset, including displaced Holocene alluvial–fluvial fans at the mountain front and partially offset ridges. A series of pressure ridges, trenches, counter-slope scarps, and shutter ridge ponds have developed along the fault trace. Some gullies exhibit a cumulative dextral displacement of approximately 16–52 m. The newly discovered co-seismic surface rupture zone extends for a total length of ~21 km, with a width ranging from 30 to 102 m. Pressure ridges within the rupture zone reach heights of 0.3–5.5 m, while trenches exhibit depths of 0.6–15 m. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating constrains the timing of the surface-rupturing earthquake to after 5.73 ± 0.17 ka. The eastern segment of the Ba Co Fault experienced a NW-trending compressional deformation regime during the Holocene, manifesting as a transpressional dextral strike-slip fault. Magnitude estimation indicates that this segment possesses the potential to generate earthquakes of M ≥ 6. The regional tectonic analysis indicates that the activity of the eastern section of the Ba Co Fault is related to the shear model of the conjugate strike-slip fault zone in the central Tibetan Plateau and may play a boundary role between different shear zones. DA - 2025/10/01/ PY - 2025 DO - 10.3390/geosciences15100377 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 15 IS - 10 SP - 377 J2 - Geosciences LA - en SN - 2076-3263 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/15/10/377 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:22:48 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Millennial‐Scale Slip Rates Along Blind Himalayan Frontal Thrust: Findings From Chalsa‐Gorubathan Recess in East‐Central Himalaya AU - Mondal, Subhajit AU - Das, Sonali AU - Chauhan, Naveen AU - Dey, Saptarshi T2 - Terra Nova AB - The Himalayan Frontal Thrust (HFT) is seismotectonically the most active orogen-scale structure of the Himalaya at least since Quaternary. However, in the eastern Himalaya, HFT is multiply segmented by orogen-scale transfer faults and often blind. We present new insights on fault-driven landscape evolution in the Chalsa-Gorubathan Recess in the east-central Himalaya, where the SubHimalaya is missing and a blind frontal fault system has deformed the Late Pleistocene piedmont fan. We provide new and alternative constraints on the minimum fault displacement rates using luminescence dating of the displaced fan-surface (27.4±4.5 kyr). Faultpropagation folding of piedmont fan surface records a 6±2mm/year slip rate on the blind fault-splay. This suggests that the HFT accommodates one-third of the total Himalayan shortening along this transect since Late Pleistocene. The minimum accumulated slip deficit ranges between 4 and 8m since the ~1100ad Nepal Earthquake which could lead to a Mw 6.8 seismic event anytime. DA - 2025/12// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1111/ter.70000 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 37 IS - 6 SP - 395 EP - 402 J2 - Terra Nova LA - en SN - 0954-4879, 1365-3121 ST - Millennial‐Scale Slip Rates Along Blind Himalayan Frontal Thrust UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ter.70000 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:22:46 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Geomorphic imprints of long- and short-term deformation in the Kachchh Intraplate Region (Western India) AU - Srivastava, Eshaan AU - Gadhavi, Mahendrasinh AU - Sharma, Nayan AU - Kumar, Prabhat AU - Malik, Javed N. AU - Sulli, Attilio T2 - Geomorphology AB - The Kachchh basin stands out among intraplate regions for having experienced two of the most significant intraplate earthquakes within 200 years: the 1819 Allah Bund earthquake (Mw 7.8) and the 2001 Bhuj earthquake (Mw 7.6). The latter occurred just north of a previously unidentified fault near the region’s longestrunning fault, i.e., the Kachchh Mainland Fault (KMF). Despite numerous surveys conducted after the 2001 event, no primary rupture was observed along this discontinuity, raising significant questions about the KMF’s deformational patterns. DA - 2025/10// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.109890 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 486 SP - 109890 J2 - Geomorphology LA - en SN - 0169555X UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0169555X25003009 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:22:42 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Geomorphic and paleoseismic evidence for active faulting along La Venta Fault, Guerrero, Mexican subduction Forearc AU - Gaidzik, Krzysztof AU - Ramírez-Herrera, María-Teresa AU - Dominguez, Luis A. AU - Coca, Oswaldo AU - Forman, Steven L. AU - Vargas-Espinosa, Víctor AU - Arenas, L. Fernanda T2 - Geomorphology AB - Understanding the potential earthquake activity of unknown active faults is crucial for assessing seismic hazards in subduction forearcs. Despite advancements, our knowledge of earthquakes on crustal faults away from plate boundaries, particularly in forearcs, remains incomplete. This study addresses this gap by utilizing paleoseismic records, conducting a lidar flight to develop a DTM in the highly vegetated mountains, remote and field mapping geomorphological features, performing a geophysical survey including electric resistivity, and excavating a paleoseismic trench, and dating with radiocarbon and optically stimulated luminescence, along the central section of the La Venta Fault, named Agua del Perro, in the Guerrero sector of the Mexican subduction Forearc. The trench revealed two-three rupturing events over the last 9000 years. The surface expression of this fault is subtle, characterized by a gentle scarp, minor stream offsets, and a shutter ridge. Our data show evidence of surface fault rupturing with lateral displacement of up to ~50 cm per event and vertical displacement of up to 25 cm. The most recent event occurred around the 14th century CE, registering a magnitude of Mw 6.6–6.8. Given the fault’s location, our findings suggest a significant seismic risk to local communities along the fault and populations in larger cities like Chilpancingo, Acapulco, and Mexico City. The study also highlights potential damage to infrastructure, such as the La Venta Dam, and associated hazards, including flooding and rock falls. Regardless of the lack of time-limited instrumental seismicity, our results undoubtedly confirm the Holocene activity and seismogenic potential of the Agua del Perro section of the La Venta Fault. It emphasizes the importance of recognizing the potential hazard posed by crustal intraplate faults away from plate boundaries in the forearc mountains. Our findings underscore the significance of enhancing instrumental monitoring networks by incorporating remote sensing and field studies. This approach is crucial for identifying and characterizing active faults, especially in challenging environments like the one studied. DA - 2025/09// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.109869 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 485 SP - 109869 J2 - Geomorphology LA - en SN - 0169555X UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0169555X2500279X Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:22:39 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Geometric Structural Characteristics and Tectonic Significance of the Litang Fault Zone, Southeastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau AU - Zhang, Xianbing AU - Zhong, Ning AU - Yu, Hao AU - Yu, Xiao AU - Li, Haibing T2 - Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition AB - The Litang fault zone is an important seismogenic structure along the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. It caused the M71/4 earthquake in Litang in 1948 AD. The fault zone intersects the Sichuan–Tibet transportation corridor and poses a serious risk to its safe operation. This study, utilizing high-resolution remote sensing interpretation, field geological verification, UAV photogrammetry, UAV LiDAR, paleoearthquake trench excavation, and AMS 14C and OSL dating methods, reveals the geometric structure, slip rates, paleoearthquake sequence, and earthquake rupture segmentation of the Litang fault zone; analyzes the rupture distribution range of the 1729 AD Litang earthquake and estimates its magnitude. The study indicates that the Litang fault zone is a relatively immature strike-slip fault, which has developed as a new active fault zone within the Northwestern Sichuan sub-block during the southeastward material migration of the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. This reflects a transformation in the deformation model of the Northwestern Sichuan sub-block crust from the „Rigid Block‟ model to the „Continuous Deformation‟ model. DA - 2025/08// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1111/1755-6724.15330 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 99 IS - 4 SP - 942 EP - 960 J2 - Acta Geologica Sinica (Eng) LA - en SN - 1000-9515, 1755-6724 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1755-6724.15330 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:22:37 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Diapiric and tectonic geomorphology of the river-damming Jahani salt extrusion associated with the strike-slip Kareh Bas Fault, including DInSAR displacement data (Zagros Mountains, Iran) AU - Gutiérrez, Francisco AU - Haghighi, Mahmud Haghshenas AU - Ilyati, Issa AU - Motagh, Mahdi AU - Del Val, Miren T2 - Geomorphology AB - The Fars Arc of the Zagros Fold-and-Thrust Belt hosts the most remarkable examples of salt extrusions worldwide, within a context of rapid collision-related deformation and high seismic activity. Hormuz salt extrusions in the western Fars Arc form rows associated with >200 km long dextral strike-slip faults, which constitute major seismic sources. This work is focused on the Jahani salt fountain and the associated Kareh Bas Fault. The Kareh Bas Fault is interpreted as a supra-salt tear fault controlled by thickness variations in the Hormuz salt detachment and associated rows of precursor diapirs. The precursor Jahani diapir likely induced the segmentation of the Spropagating Kareh Bas Fault, generating a releasing stepover that facilitated salt emergence. OSL dating of +40 m terrace deposits of the Shur River deformed by the Kareh Bas Fault reveals that the fault sourced two paleoearthquakes before and around 14.7–13.8 ka, and indicates a long-term fluvial incision rates of 2.7–2.9 mm/yr. The emerged Jahani diapir (68 km2, 918 m in local relief) is a salt fountain comprising a protruding summit dome and laterally spreading salt glaciers (i.e., namakiers). The northern namakier has been trimmed by the Shur River, generating an exceptional salt escarpment 6 km long and >400 m high. Masses of disconnected Hormuz rocks on the opposite margin of the valley and paleolake deposits found upstream and dated by OSL at 28 ± 5 ka, indicate that the Shur River has experienced multiple damming episodes, likely during dry periods. This work documents for the first time the damming of a major drainage by a salt glacier and the creation of a lake. DInSAR data reveal an overall progressive displacement pattern in the Jahani salt fountain characterised by a rising summit dome (1–2 cm/yr) and laterally spreading namakiers with distally decreasing horizontal displacement rates (1–2 cm/yr) and some uplift in the frontal sectors. This general pattern is altered in the northern sector, where the debuttressed salt extrusion rapidly flows towards the deeply entrenched Shur valley at horizontal and vertical rates of around 10–15 cm/yr. The presented displacement data invalidate a previous work, that based on inadequate theodolite displacement measurements of the order of m/yr, suggested that the is one of the most vigorously rising salt extrusions on Earth. DA - 2025/11// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.109955 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 488 SP - 109955 J2 - Geomorphology LA - en SN - 0169555X UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0169555X25003654 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:22:34 ER - TY - JOUR TI - A Typical Riedel Shear Pattern of Active Faults in the Laolongwan Basin, Northeastern Tibetan Plateau AU - Wang, Kai-Xun AU - Li, Xiao-Gang AU - Shi, Wei AU - Feng, Xiang-You AU - Yang, Qian AU - Li, Jie AU - Xu, Zheng-Jian AU - Peng, Zhou-Jun AU - Xu, Shao-Hua AU - Xiong, Yi-Xue AU - Lin, Mao T2 - Journal of Earth Science AB - Riedel shear system, which consists of some different oriented faults and derivative structures, is an important pattern of tectonic activity and stress regulation, which has been widely applied to the interpretation of intracontinental deformation. The Laolongwan Basin, located in the western Haiyuan fault zone at the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, is a key area to study the Cenozoic intracontinental deformation in the northeastern plateau, which formed a complex active fault system during the Cenozoic. However, the activity of these faults and their kinematic mechanism remain unclear. In this contribution, based on detailed structural interpretation of remote sensing image, field observations and OSL dating analysis, we propose a Riedel Shear model of active fault system in the Laolongwan Basin. Our observations show that this active fault system consist of four major faults, including the left strike-slip Hasi Shan fault and Zihong Shan fault with thrusting characteristics, the Southern Zihong Shan thrust fault and the Mijia Shan normal fault. The fault offset and OSL dating analyses suggest that the left-lateral slip rate of the Hasi Shan fault is ~2.60–3.01 mm/a since ca. 15 ka, whereas the Zihong Shan fault is ~1.10–1.13 mm/a since ca. 14 ka. Faultslip vectors analyses indicate that the active fault system related to the Riedel Shear in the Laolongwan Basin was controlled by the regional ENE-WSW compressive stress. This compression also caused the significant left-lateral strike-slip movement along the Haiyuan fault zone at the same time, which might result from the northeastward continuous expanding of the Tibetan Plateau during the Late Cenozoic. DA - 2025/10// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1007/s12583-023-1831-5 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 36 IS - 5 SP - 1906 EP - 1922 J2 - J. Earth Sci. LA - en SN - 1674-487X, 1867-111X UR - https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12583-023-1831-5 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:22:25 ER - TY - JOUR TI - A multi-event paleoseismic record from the northern Alpine Fault at Marble Hill, Aotearoa New Zealand AU - Langridge, R.M. AU - Howarth, J.D. AU - Coffey, G.L. AU - Villamor, P. AU - Ries, W.F. AU - Cochran, U.A. AU - Sagar, M. AU - La Greca, J. AU - Rhodes, E.J. AU - Saha, S. AU - Dahl, J. T2 - Geomorphology AB - Multi-event paleoseismic records are essential for understanding fault behaviour, characterising seismic hazard, and testing earthquake simulator models. The reverse dextral Alpine Fault is the main Australian-Pacific plate boundary structure through the central and southern South Island of Aotearoa New Zealand. While the paleoseismic record of the southern and central sections is relatively well-understood, in contrast, the northern section of the Alpine Fault (AF-NS), adjacent to the distributed Marlborough Fault System (MFS) remains understudied. We present new on-fault paleoseismic data from Marble Hill, a well-known offset alluvial terrace site next to the Maruia River, including results from three trenches and four pits. Dating of deposits comes from radiocarbon and infra-red stimulated luminescence (IRSL) techniques. IRSL dates indicate that the degradational terrace sequence at Marble Hill spans the last ~2000 years. Trenches reveal evidence for up to four recent paleoearthquake ruptures with timings of ~1595–1834 (MRE, most recent event), 952–1406 (E2), 706–933 (E3), and 246–736 CE (E4). Preservation of this record has been possible due to avulsion with ensuing incision and degradation of the Maruia River toward its current north-westerly course. A local AF-NS recurrence interval of 413 ± 103 yr is derived from the three closed paleoearthquake intervals between the MRE and E4. The three youngest events are associated with ~1.3 m (MRE), and 10.7 ± 1.3 m dextral displacement split between E2 and E3. This is the first multi-event timing and slip record from the AF-NS and our results highlight the inadequacies of earlier work that targeted only the MRE. A longer recurrence interval (than for the central and southern sections) and variable displacement per event at the Marble Hill site are indicative of its location along the Alpine Fault, implying a more complex rupture record along the AF-NS adjacent to the MFS and transitioning toward the Wairau Fault. DA - 2025/11// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.109945 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 489 SP - 109945 J2 - Geomorphology LA - en SN - 0169555X UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0169555X25003551 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:22:23 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Two million years of climate-driven cave-sediment aggradation and valley incision in the southern Ozark Plateau from Fitton Cave, northern Arkansas, USA AU - Hudson, Mark R. AU - Paces, James B. AU - Darryl, Granger E. AU - Rodrigues, Kathleen AU - Keen-Zebert, Amanda AU - Bitting, Charles J. AU - Turner, Kenzie J. AU - Sapkota, Kayla N. T2 - Quaternary Research AB - Landscape evolution in karst terrains affects both subterranean and surface settings. For better understanding of controlling processes and connections between the two, multiple geochronometers were used to date sediments and speleothems in upper-level passages of Fitton Cave adjacent to the Buffalo River, northern Arkansas, within the southern Ozark Plateau. Burial cosmogenic-nuclide dating of coarse sediments indicates that gravel pulses washed into upper passages at 2.2 Ma and 1.25 Ma. These represent the oldest epigenetic cave deposits documented in this region. Associated sands and clay-rich sediments mostly have reversed magnetic polarity and thermally transferred optically stimulated luminescence dates of 1.2 to 1.0 Ma. Abandonment of these upper passages began before 0.72 Ma, when coarse sediment was deposited in a passage incised below older sediment. Maximum U-series dates of 0.7–0.4 Ma for flowstones capping clastic deposits mark the stabilization of older sediments and a change to vadose conditions that allowed post–0.4 Ma stalagmite growth. Resulting valley incision rates since 0.85 Ma are estimated at 27 m/Ma. Coarse cave-sediment pulses correlate to Laurentide glacial tills about 300 km to the north, suggesting climate influence on periglacial sediment production. Dated cave sediments also may correlate with undated older strath terraces preserved at similar heights above the Buffalo River. DA - 2025/11// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1017/qua.2025.14 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 128 SP - 102 EP - 125 J2 - Quat. res. LA - en SN - 0033-5894, 1096-0287 UR - https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0033589425000146/type/journal_article Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:22:18 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Cave sediment chronology and erosion rates in the São Desidério karst reveal a million-year-scale landscape evolution of the Central Brazilian Plateau AU - Padoan, L. AU - Karmann, I. AU - Granger, D. AU - Laureano, F.V. AU - Paes De Almeida, R. AU - Cruz, F.W. AU - Sawakuchi, A.O. AU - Fonseca, E.S. AU - Meza, A.B. AU - Gallas, J.D.F. T2 - Geomorphology AB - In central Brazil, regional-scale plateaus and ridges have developed during the Cenozoic in cratonic terrains, after the continental breakup of Pangea. The timing and mechanisms associated with the uplift of such landscape features are poorly understood due to the scarcity of data concerning crustal dynamics and erosion rates. This study used limestone caves containing a rich sedimentary record to obtain new erosion and fluvial incision rate data from the last 3 Ma in the Central Brazilian Plateau. The combination of different geochronological methods (cosmogenic 26Al and 10Be, OSL, and U–Th series), cave passage leveling, and geophysical soundings allowed for the reconstruction of the valley incision history of the S˜ao Desid´erio River since the Late Pliocene. Knickpoint migration rates in the limestone towards the sandstone contact varied from 3782 ± 984 and 1122 ± 198 m/Ma in the S˜ao Desid´erio River and a major tributary. An expressive base level drop of 30–50 m has occurred between 1 and 2 Ma from present and is evidenced by distinct cave levels and the entrenchment of vadose canyons. The average fluvial incision rate in the limestone was determined as 52.5 ± 13.0 m/Ma. The average fluvial incision rate associated with the removal of sediment infill from the conduits was determined as 657.0 ± 31.0 m/Ma. The average erosion rate in the plateau’s sandstone-covered catchment areas was 17.1 ± 1.4 m/Ma. Knickpoint retreat and valley incision rates suggest that the onset of the limestone exposure and prominent karst landscape development occurred during the Late Pliocene. DA - 2025/08// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.109820 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 483 SP - 109820 J2 - Geomorphology LA - en SN - 0169555X UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0169555X25002302 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:22:16 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Weichselian–Holocene glacial history of the Sjuøyane archipelago, northern Svalbard AU - Schomacker, Anders AU - Alexanderson, Helena AU - Farnsworth, Wesley R. AU - Furze, Mark F. A. AU - Kjellman, Sofia E. AU - Kirchner, Nina AU - Erstorp, Elias Strandell AU - Noormets, Riko AU - Jomelli, Vincent AU - Ingólfsson, Ólafur T2 - Boreas AB - The Sjuøyane archipelago is the northernmost land area of Svalbard; thus, it provides a window to study the terrestrial glacial history and dynamics of the Svalbard–Barents Sea Ice Sheet and complement marine geological studies in the region. To reconstruct the glacial history of Sjuøyane, we describe coastal sedimentary sections in Quaternary sediments and constrain their chronology by radiocarbon and optically stimulated luminescence ages. Erratic boulders and bedrock are sampled for 10 Be cosmogenic exposure dating, aiming to determine the deglaciation age and exposure history. Holocene environments are studied based on lake sediments and emerging vegetation from retreating snow patches. The sedimentary sections largely consist of shallow (glacio‐)marine and/or littoral sediments deposited during high relative sea levels. The radiocarbon and luminescence ages suggest they formed during a Middle Weichselian interstadial, and after the Late Weichselian glaciation. A wave‐washed bedrock erosional notch and rounded boulders at 36±1 m a.h.t. most likely formed during this interstadial. Most of the cosmogenic 10 Be ages are older than the last deglaciation, likely indicating a complex exposure history. One boulder sample suggests that the lowlands were deglaciated 14.7±1.82 ka ago, and two boulder samples with ages of 18.94±3.26 and 22.89±4.05 ka suggest that the highlands were possibly ice‐free at this time. The lake sediments from Isvatnet, Phippsøya, consist of glaciolacustrine silt and clay overlain by gyttja. The gyttja has accumulated at least since 7.0 cal. ka BP. Two radiocarbon ages from emerging vegetation suggest Neoglacial cooling since 3.8 cal. ka BP. A patchy glacial drift at the surface of Sjuøyane and well‐preserved pre‐Late Weichselian sediments suggest that the Late Weichselian glaciation was non‐erosive and/or cold‐based at this part of the north margin of the Svalbard–Barents Sea Ice Sheet. DA - 2025/07// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1111/bor.12673 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 54 IS - 3 SP - 288 EP - 304 J2 - Boreas LA - en SN - 0300-9483, 1502-3885 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bor.12673 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:22:13 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Was Scotland covered by an ice sheet during Marine Isotope Stage 4? Insights from the pre‐Last Glacial Maximum marine terraces of northwest Scotland AU - Simms, Alexander R. AU - DeWitt, Regina AU - Bradley, Sarah L. AU - Huffman, Emily AU - Best, Louise AU - Bradwell, Tom AU - Lloyd, Jeremy M. AU - Kachuck, Samuel B. T2 - Journal of Quaternary Science AB - Raised shorelines provide important constraints on past sea levels, glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA), and rates and directions of vertical crustal motion. Although most raised shorelines across NW Scotland relate to post‐Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) glacial‐isostatic rebound, many undated shorelines lie above the marine limit established from isolation basins. Here, we present new optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages for a raised marine terrace at an elevation of 28 m in Slaggan Bay of NW Scotland. Four OSL ages suggest the feature is pre‐LGM, likely Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3. Global mean sea levels (GMSL) during MIS 3 are thought to have been ~40–60 m below present across most of the globe. We use a pair of GIA models to determine what ice sheet and sea‐level scenarios might provide an explanation for these anomalously high sea levels during MIS 3. Our results suggest that in the absence of tectonic activity, such high MIS 3 shorelines across NW Scotland require a MIS 4 ice sheet in Scotland, with postglacial rebound of the crustal depression following its demise during MIS 3 responsible for the elevated shoreline features at that time. © 2025 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. DA - 2025/08// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1002/jqs.70000 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 40 IS - 6 SP - 1097 EP - 1105 J2 - J Quaternary Science LA - en SN - 0267-8179, 1099-1417 ST - Was Scotland covered by an ice sheet during Marine Isotope Stage 4? UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jqs.70000 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:22:11 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Uplift, tilting, and underlying structures of coastal northwestern Luzon, Philippines, deduced from marine terraces AU - Wang, Yiran AU - Meltzner, Aron J. AU - Quye-Sawyer, Jennifer AU - Yang, Huili AU - Pu, Yichen AU - Qin, Jintang AU - Aung, Lin Thu AU - Aw, Zihan AU - Pamintuan, Andrea Denise A. AU - Ramos, Noelynna T. T2 - Quaternary Science Reviews AB - Northern Luzon Island of the Philippines, located between the converging Sunda and Philippine Sea Plates, is a seismically active region within a complex tectonic setting. Remnants of Pleistocene marine terraces along the coast of northwestern Luzon have been deformed and provide clues to the active underlying structures. Through remote sensing and field surveys, we mapped and surveyed multiple generations of uplifted Pleistocene marine terraces between the municipalities of Pasuquin and Santo Domingo along the northwestern Luzon coast. We found that wave-cut platforms are the most common type of marine terrace in the area, each consisting of a sedimentary basement (Laoag Formation) and a fluvial or alluvial deposit cover. The uplift of these terraces shows that the area north of Laoag City has experienced westward tilting while the area farther south has been uniformly uplifted. With K-feldspar infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) dating of sand samples collected above the abrasion surface of the wave-cut platforms, we infer that the most prominent marine terrace, with a seaward edge 40–50 m above mean sea level, was formed during marine isotope stage (MIS) 5a. This suggests a long-term uplift rate of ~1 m/kyr along the coast and up to 1.6 m/kyr farther inland. Combining evidence from field surveys and bathymetric and focal mechanism data, we suggest that the large-scale uplift of the coastal area is the result of slip along an east-dipping thrust with a surface trace ~12 km off the west coast, while a westdipping branch of the Vigan-Aggao Fault Zone has contributed to tilting, horizontal (sinistral) movement, and localized folding of the coastal area. Through elastic dislocation modeling, we suggest the offshore fault likely has a dip angle lower than 45◦, and the difference in uplift patterns between north and south can be attributed to different slip-rate distributions between the two faults. Overall, we estimate west-northwest directed shortening at 1–2 m/kyr across the nearshore and coastal area of northwestern Luzon. DA - 2025/06// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109347 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 358 SP - 109347 J2 - Quaternary Science Reviews LA - en SN - 02773791 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0277379125001672 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:22:09 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The role of Holocene climate dynamics in the modeling of fluviomarine terraces in the northeastern Brazilian coast AU - Moreira, Vinicius Borges AU - Lämmle, Luca AU - D'Aniello, Mariarca AU - Da Conceição, Fabiano Tomazini AU - Donadio, Carlo AU - Perez Filho, Archimedes T2 - Quaternary International AB - Fluviomarine terraces comprise mixed sedimentary sequences formed through the interplay of fluvial and marine aggradational morphodynamics. Although they are very common along the vast Brazilian coast, they are currently little explored in the geomorphological literature. In recent official mappings, it is common to observe the classification of the last or predominant event in each sector of the plain, with the discussion of fluviomarine morphologies being little explored. Therefore, this study aims to analyze transitional environments near the Rio Pardo River estuary, located on the northeastern Brazilian coast, within the alluvial-coastal system, which presents complex morphosedimentary archives consolidated during the regressive trend of the Holocene Relative Sea Level. To better understand the genesis, chronology, and vertical sequence that formed these fluviomarine terraces. A morphological description of three stratigraphic profiles exposed on erosive riverbanks was conducted using optically stimulated luminescence dating, sediment grain size characterization, and environmental depositional conditions and pedogenesis process. The results suggest five distinct depositional stages occurred, driven by Holocene climatic variations in the region with close correlation with Bond events and variations of the Intertropical Convergence Zone and South Atlantic Convergence Zone: 1 - Early Holocene ~10.59 ± 0.85 ka; 2 Middle Holocene ~5.30 ± 0.66 ka and 4.57 ± 0.48 ka; 3 - Late Holocene A ~3.44 ± 0.31 ka; 4 - Late Holocene B ~2.5 ka; 5 - Modern surface deposits ~1.93 ± 0.20; 1.59 ± 0.18 and 1.46 ± 0.1 ka. Thus, the fluviomarine terraces analyzed constituted support for the identification of the climatic pulses that occurred in the Holocene along the Brazilian northeast coast. DA - 2025/10// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109965 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 747 SP - 109965 J2 - Quaternary International LA - en SN - 10406182 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1040618225003088 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:22:07 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Plio-Quaternary coastal uplift along the western Iberian Margin: insights from dated marine terraces (Peniche, Portugal) AU - Gouveia, Margarida P. AU - Cunha, Pedro P. AU - Martins, António A. AU - Stokes, Martin AU - Gomes, Alberto AU - Falguères, Christophe AU - Voinchet, Pierre AU - Bahain, Jean-Jacques AU - Pereira, Telmo AU - Figueiredo, Silvério AU - Shao, Qingfeng AU - Tombret, Olivier T2 - Quaternary International AB - This study presents a detailed geomorphological and geochronological analysis of a marine terrace staircase developed into the Peniche Peninsula (Portugal), a rocky headland of Jurassic carbonate bedrock located in the central sector of the Western Iberian passive margin. The marine terrace levels are described morphologically and sedimentologically, but also dated using ESR and U-Series methodologies. The marine terrace staircase comprises six emerged levels ranging from 4 m (above mean sea level, asl) (Tm6) to 24–28 m asl (Tm1), inset into a summit wave-cut platform at 29–45 m asl (Pm). The marine terrace sediments are composed of rounded boulders to cobbles and coarse sands. Dating results reveal that the marine terrace staircase spans ~900 ka across the Middle-Late Pleistocene. The terraces can be assigned to either a single sea-level highstand or a level that has been re-occupied by two sea level highstands. The staircase records very low uplift rates (0.04 to 0.02 m/ka; the longer-term mean rate for the entire Pleistocene staircase is 0.03 m/ka), typical of a passive continental margin. Regionally, coastal terrace staircases are typically found along the Western Iberian passive margin, with their configuration locally influenced by the underlying bedrock geology and tectonic history. DA - 2025/10// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109954 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 747 SP - 109954 J2 - Quaternary International LA - en SN - 10406182 ST - Plio-Quaternary coastal uplift along the western Iberian Margin UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1040618225002976 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:22:02 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Pleistocene sea-level and environmental changes during glacial-interglacial cycles recorded in beach ridges of the Thai-Malay Peninsula AU - Leknettip, Smith AU - Chawchai, Sakonvan AU - Fülling, Alexander AU - Preusser, Frank T2 - Quaternary Science Reviews AB - Beach ridges are relict coastal landforms with subsurface deposits that can be used to reconstruct past sea-level and environmental changes. Nonetheless, beach ridges, especially those formed during the Pleistocene, can be easily modified by post-depositional processes triggered by various climatic events during glacial-interglacial cycles. Therefore, detailed investigations are necessary to utilize beach ridges as records of past sea level and environmental conditions. This study employs a multidisciplinary approach, including ground-penetrating radar (GPR) surveys, sedimentological analysis, and luminescence dating, to determine the evolution of beach ridges in the Thai-Malay Peninsula. Based on GPR and sedimentological data, evidence of beach progradation is identified, indicating that the deposition of coarse-grained beach ridges occurred on the beach face where sediments accumulated in a high-energy depositional environment. These beach face deposits are subsequently covered by thick layers of aeolian deposits that were likely reworked at the surface of the beach ridges. Luminescence dating reveals that the deposition of the oldest beach ridges occurred prior to 190 ka, during the interglacial period of the Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 7. Subsequently, the beach ridges were modified by aeolian reworking episodically until the end of the Pleistocene during times when the sea level was low, resulting in a vertical build-up. The presence of aeolian deposits supports the concept of climate aridification and reduced vegetation cover in Sundaland during that time. DA - 2025/09// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109464 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 364 SP - 109464 J2 - Quaternary Science Reviews LA - en SN - 02773791 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0277379125002847 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:22:00 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Paleoenvironmental changes and sea-level fluctuations record at Punta de s’Avançada, Mallorca Island AU - Perazzotti, Federica AU - Valle, Laura Del AU - Cossu, Giulia AU - Pascucci, Vincenzo AU - Fornós, Joan J. T2 - Quaternary International AB - Coastal landscapes are the most sensitive system to abrupt climate changes and important archives of past changes and can be used to reconstruct possible future scenarios potentially undergoing recurrent extreme climatic events. Evidence of this change can be observed in the study area of this paper, Punta de s’Avançada in Pollença, Mallorca (Balearic Islands, Spain). The stratigraphic record from the Punta de s’Avançada outcrop in North Mallorca provides valuable insights into the paleoenvironmental changes driven by Heinrich (HE) and Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) events during the late Pleistocene. Detailed analysis of six distinct sedimentary units (U1-U6) reveals the significant impact of abrupt climatic shifts on sediment supply, depositional environments, and sea-level fluctuations. The cold, arid conditions during HE events, particularly H4 and H5, promoted extensive dune formation in Units U4 and U6, while the warmer, wetter conditions during DO events facilitated alluvial and colluvial deposition in Units U1 and U5. By integrating OSL dating with climatic oscillations, this study demonstrates the influence of millennial-scale HE and DO events on sedimentary processes in coastal landscapes of the western Mediterranean. The results show ages between 34 and 91 ka, suggesting a time interval between MIS 3 and MIS 5a. The findings underline the dynamic interplay between climate, sea level, and sedimentation in shaping Pleistocene coastal environments, contributing to a deeper understanding of the region response to glacial cycles and abrupt climate events. DA - 2025/06// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109839 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 735 SP - 109839 J2 - Quaternary International LA - en SN - 10406182 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S104061822500182X Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:21:57 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Luminescence dating of core sediments from the southern coastal Bohai Sea, China, and its implications for transgression history during the Late Quaternary AU - Xu, Zhiqiang AU - Han, Yang AU - Yan, Bingpeng AU - Li, Mingbo AU - Jiang, Ruolin AU - Tian, Ruonan AU - Liu, Bohui AU - Zhu, Zihui AU - Yuan, Weitao AU - Lai, Zhongping T2 - Frontiers in Marine Science AB - Several marine strata have developed along the southern coastal Bohai Sea since the Late Quaternary, preserving abundant records of sedimentary evolution. This region is ideal for studying the sedimentary history of a river–sea interaction area. However, detailed sedimentological and chronological studies remain limited, mainly focusing on the estuaries of the Mihe River. In this study, 12 optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) samples were collected from the upper 20 m of a 101 m core to establish a chronological framework using quartz OSL dating. Grain-size analysis was also conducted to determine sedimentological characteristics. Results indicate that the quartz OSL ages range from >100 ka to 6.2 ± 0.4 ka, and we believe they were the minimum ages when equivalent dose (D e ) >ca. 250 Gy (sample DZK3-G07 and below) owing to OSL signal saturation. Our findings reveal a sedimentary hiatus between >100 ka and 19.8 ka. Holocene sediments are found above a depth of 8.4 m with an onset age of approximately 10.5 ka. A lacustrine layer (8.4–9.6 m) in core DZK3 was dated to 19.8–10.5 ka, which is much older than that of the limnetic and lagoon layers in other cores in this area. Based on sedimentary facies and dating results, no transgressive sediments were observed during marine isotope stage (MIS) 3, and T2 (Xianxian transgression) in the southern coastal Bohai Sea only occurred in MIS 5e. This sedimentary sequence pattern is consistent with global sea-level changes. DA - 2025/09/05/ PY - 2025 DO - 10.3389/fmars.2025.1606184 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 12 SP - 1606184 J2 - Front. Mar. Sci. LA - en SN - 2296-7745 UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2025.1606184/full Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:21:55 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Holocene sea‐level changes and the influence of storms on beach ridge formation in the Lower Gulf of Thailand AU - Leknettip, Smith AU - Chawchai, Sakonvan AU - Bissen, Raphael AU - Dubois, Nathalie AU - Fülling, Alexander AU - Preusser, Frank T2 - Sedimentology AB - Beach ridges are depositional landforms that provide information related to coastal evolution, storm activity and sea-level variations. However, beach ridges are sometimes modiﬁed by aeolian processes, storm washover and/or human activity. Therefore, systematic investigations are required to use beach ridges as an archive of palaeoenvironmental conditions and sea-level changes. In this study, a multidisciplinary approach involving groundpenetrating radar, sedimentological analysis and optically stimulated luminescence as well as radiocarbon dating was used to reconstruct sedimentary processes and past sea-level changes that formed beach ridges in the coastal zone of Nakhon Si Thammarat province, Lower Gulf of Thailand. Ground-penetrating radar data reveal evidence of beach progradation coupled with the presence of beach scarps and washover deposits. This implies that the formation of the beach ridges occurred under swash processes on the beachface and was later punctuated by erosion during storm surges, leading to the deposition of washover sediments. During a storm, elevated seawater transported moderately to poorly sorted medium-to-coarse sand onto a higher position along the beach proﬁle, resulting in an elevation of the beach ridge of up to 4.6 m above mean sea-level. In addition, aeolian processes contributed to vertical accretion by depositing well-sorted ﬁne sand on the surface of the beach ridges. The dating results indicate that the formation of the beach ridges occurred approximately between 8.6 ka and 6.1 ka and can be attributed to an upper sea-level limit of 1.8 to 2.3 m above present-day mean sea level. Both allogenic (e.g. sea-level and climate variability) and autogenic (e.g. sediment supply and wave action) factors play crucial roles in the formation and evolution of beach ridges. Therefore, the multidisciplinary approach of this study enhances the understanding of these composite depositional processes and improves palaeoenvironmental reconstructions derived from beach ridges. DA - 2025/08// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1111/sed.70007 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 72 IS - 5 SP - 1402 EP - 1429 J2 - Sedimentology LA - en SN - 0037-0746, 1365-3091 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/sed.70007 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:21:48 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Holocene coastal barrier dune development and its influence on marine inundations: An example from the Kochi coast facing the Nankai Trough, southern Japan AU - Tanigawa, Koichiro AU - Tamura, Toru AU - Komori, Kotaro AU - Negoro, Yuki T2 - Geomorphology AB - Sediments accumulated in low-energy back-barrier lowlands are expected to preserve long-term records of tsunami inundations; however, such records are susceptible to changes in coastal environments, leading to potential inconsistencies when estimating the recurrences and magnitudes of tsunamigenic earthquakes over time. We present a critical example in which the growth of a coastal barrier dune mitigated marine inundations in a back-barrier environment along the Nankai Trough, southern Japan. We applied ground-penetrating radar, Kfeldspar luminescence dating, and radiocarbon dating to a coastal barrier dune along the Kochi coast. These analyses revealed two phases of barrier dune growth since the Middle Holocene, when the relative sea level roughly reached the present level. From the Middle Holocene to ~2.8 ka, the barrier dune aggraded vertically to c. 10 m above the present sea level. Then, the barrier dune accreted seaward and landward enlarging its width. In the back-barrier lowland, four sand layers formed by marine inundation events were emplaced during 6.1–2.5 ka with recurrence intervals of 350–1180 years. In contrast, no event deposit was preserved after 2.5 ka, when the back-barrier lowland was likely protected from marine inundations by a natural breakwater, the barrier dune. Our integrated analysis demonstrates that the long-term evolution of coastal geomorphology should be properly taken into account for paleotsunami studies. DA - 2025/10// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.109887 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 486 SP - 109887 J2 - Geomorphology LA - en SN - 0169555X ST - Holocene coastal barrier dune development and its influence on marine inundations UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0169555X25002971 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:21:45 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Exploring Continental and Submerged Paleolandscapes at the Pre-Neolithic Site of Ouriakos, Lemnos Island, Northeastern Aegean, Greece AU - Gkouma, Myrsini AU - Karkanas, Panagiotis AU - Koukousioura, Olga AU - Syrides, George AU - Chalkioti, Areti AU - Tsakalos, Evangelos AU - Ntinou, Maria AU - Efstratiou, Nikos T2 - Quaternary AB - Recent archaeological discoveries across the Aegean, Cyprus, and western Anatolia have renewed interest in pre-Neolithic seafaring and early island colonization. However, the environmental contexts that support such early coastal occupations remain poorly understood, largely due to the submergence of Pleistocene shorelines following post-glacial sea-level rise. This study addresses this gap through an integrated geoarchaeological investigation of the pre-Neolithic site of Ouriakos on Lemnos Island, northeastern Aegean (Greece), dated to the mid-11th millennium BCE. By reconstructing both the terrestrial and submerged paleolandscapes of the site, we examine ecological conditions, resource availability, and sedimentary processes that shaped human activity and site preservation. Employing a multiscale methodological approach—combining bathymetric survey, geomorphological mapping, soil micromorphology, geochemical analysis, and Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating—we present a comprehensive framework for identifying and interpreting early coastal settlements. Stratigraphic evidence reveals phases of fluvial, aeolian, and colluvial deposition associated with an alternating coastline. The core findings reveal that Ouriakos was established during a phase of environmental stability marked by paleosol development, indicating sustained human presence. By bridging terrestrial and marine data, this research contributes significantly to the understanding of human coastal mobility during the Pleistocene–Holocene transition. DA - 2025/08/01/ PY - 2025 DO - 10.3390/quat8030042 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 8 IS - 3 SP - 42 J2 - Quaternary LA - en SN - 2571-550X UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2571-550X/8/3/42 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:21:30 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Timing of Late Pleistocene marine terrace exposure using OSL and¹⁰ Be dating: Constraints on the tectonic uplift of the southeastern Korean Peninsula AU - Kim, Dong-Eun AU - Kwon, Chang Woo AU - Lee, Tae-Ho AU - Lee, Hong Jin AU - Lee, Hoil T2 - Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment AB - Accurate and precise geochronological constraints on marine terrace surfaces are essential for understanding the development of shoreline responses to tectonic uplift and climate change. In particular, high-resolution digital elevation models and numerical dating methods are necessary to establish such constraints on terrace formation. This study aimed to constrain the age of formation of marine terrace T2 in the region around the active Quaternary Eubchun Fault on the eastern coast of the Korean Peninsula. OSL dating and 10 Be depth-profile analysis of marine deposits reveal that T2 was abandoned (subaerially exposed) at approximately 71–67 and 62–60 ka, respectively. These age constraints show that the terrace was deposited during a high-sea-level stage (from OSL ages) and subsequently abandoned from 10 Be depth-profile age. Through detailed stratigraphic observations combined with the abandonment age, we characterized the process of marine terrace development. In addition, by combining the abandonment age with a high-resolution digital elevation model derived from data obtained from an unmanned aerial vehicle, we determined a precise uplift rate of 0.44 mm/yr. The calculated uplift rate is higher than regional uplift rates (0.2–0.3 mm/yr) and is ascribed to the vertical movement of reactivated Quaternary faults in the study area. In summary, climate forcing led to the formation and abandonment of the terrace, whereas subsequent Late Pleistocene tectonic uplift raised the terrace higher compared with other terraces along the eastern coast of the Korean Peninsula. DA - 2025/08// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1177/03091333251344158 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 49 IS - 4 SP - 377 EP - 399 J2 - Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment LA - en SN - 0309-1333, 1477-0296 ST - Timing of Late Pleistocene marine terrace exposure using OSL and¹⁰ Be dating UR - https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/03091333251344158 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:21:28 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Reconstructing aeolian activities and borders shifts of the Gonghe Sandy Lands since the last Glacial Maximum AU - Shi, Yunkun AU - E, Chongyi AU - Xu, Chunxia AU - Yan, Wenting AU - Sun, Yongjuan AU - Zhang, Zhaokang AU - Zhang, Jing AU - Peng, Qiang T2 - Geomorphology AB - Desert dune systems are vital components of Earth's surface landscapes. Understanding historical activities and delineating desert dune field boundaries under different climatic conditions are important for identifying both paleoenvironmental drivers and the likelihood of future reactivation. The Gonghe Sandy Lands (GSLs), situated in the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, are at the convergence zone between the Westerlies and Asian monsoon, which are sensitive to climatic change. Consequently, GSLs are ideal regions for studying the response of the Earth's surface to environmental factors. A regional stratigraphic statistical model was developed using 30 aeolian profiles with 194 ages (including seven new profiles with 38 new optically stimulated luminescence ages) in the Gonghe Basin. Aeolian activities, climatic changes, and borders shifts in GSLs since the last Glacial Maximum (LGM) were reconstructed using the model together with other records. The results demonstrate that (1) Since the LGM, the Gonghe Basin has experienced a climatic transition from cold and dry to warm and humid, and then to mild and subhumid. Aeolian activity weakened then strengthened over the changing climatic conditions since 22 ka. (2) The spatial configurations of GSLs changed markedly throughout different periods. The area reached 3490 km2 during the LGM, contracted to 903 km2 during the Middle Holocene, and expanded again at 5.5 ka. (3) Climatic changes, human activities, and topographical constraints shaped the spatial patterns of the GSLs. Before the Middle Holocene, the dynamics were influenced by the monsoon system. In the late Holocene, human activity became an important factor affecting the spatial patterns of GSLs. Nevertheless, the influence of topographical constraints on the sand dune distribition in GSLs cannot be overlooked. The model outputs reflect the frequency of aeolian activities, independent of age errors, and are particularly suitable for sandy land regions that lack LGM ages. DA - 2025/06// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.109706 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 478 SP - 109706 J2 - Geomorphology LA - en SN - 0169555X UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0169555X25001163 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:21:24 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Periglacial aeolian activities in the Headwater Region of the Yellow River, northeastern Tibetan Plateau AU - Hu, Jingjing AU - Hu, Guangyin AU - Yang, Linhai AU - Guo, Xueyang AU - Zhang, Jingran AU - Dong, Zhibao T2 - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology AB - The Headwater Region of the Yellow River (HRYR) situated in the northeastern part of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) at an average elevation of over 4300 m, experienced extensive glaciation during the Last Glacial Period. However, the relationship between glacial presence and aeolian activity in this periglacial region remains poorly understood. To investigate this, three sediment sequences from a blowout in the periglacial region of HRYR were selected for sampling. The coarse-grained (CG) K-feldspar pIRIR dating was employed to establish the chronology, yielding 16 luminescence ages that ranged from 16.35 ± 0.96 ka to 60 ± 1 a. The results indicate that the earliest aeolian deposits occurred during the Last Deglaciation, with aeolian deposits also recorded in the early Holocene. During the mid-Holocene, there was a gap in aeolian sedimentation, which may be due to humid climatic conditions. In the late Holocene, drier and cooler climatic conditions triggered a resurgence of rapid aeolian deposition. A depositional gap between 2.5 and 0.6 ka in this period likely reflects erosional events under high wind energy conditions. Aeolian activity during the Last Deglaciation was closely linked to the periglacial environment at the sampling site. As the glaciers receded, the moraine deposits from the Bayan Har Mountains were reworked by rivers and exposed during the dry seasons, providing source material for the localized aeolian activity in the region. This study aims to provide the influence of periglacial environment on aeolian activity and establishes a framework for understanding aeolian deposition in high altitude glacial environments. DA - 2025/08// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.palaeo.2025.112984 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 671 SP - 112984 J2 - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology LA - en SN - 00310182 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S003101822500269X Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:21:18 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Increased aeolian activity linked to Neoglacial cooling and glacier advance in southern Greenland AU - Larsen, Nicolaj K. AU - Siggaard‐Andersen, Marie‐Louise AU - Buylaert, Jan‐Pieter AU - Murray, Andrew S. AU - Olsen, Jesper AU - Ruter, Anthony AU - Kjeldsen, Kristian K. AU - Bjørk, Anders A. AU - Mikkelsen, Naja AU - Kjær, Kurt H. T2 - Boreas AB - Wind activity is a powerful force that shapes the landscapes of deserts, coastal areas, and regions adjacent to ice sheets, and it has significant implications for human settlement. In southern Greenland, it has been proposed that the increased wind and soil erosion observed around Norse settlements (~985–1450 CE) were caused by overgrazing by animals, which ultimately contributed to the decline of the Norse culture. Alternatively, some studies have linked the observed intensification of aeolian activity to changes in large‐scale atmospheric circulation patterns in the North Atlantic. However, the timing and impact of this increased aeolian activity in southern Greenland remain uncertain due to a lack of well‐dated records. In this study, we use a lake record and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of adjacent dunes to reconstruct the Holocene history of aeolian activity at Igaliku Kujalleq (Søndre Igaliku) in southern Greenland. Our findings indicate two periods of intensified aeolian activity over the past 10 000 years: from ~500 to 1200 CE and ~1450 CE. Importantly, the peak aeolian activity observed in the Igaliku Kujalleq records was unrelated to Norse activities and their decline. Instead, we suggest that changes in the North Atlantic atmospheric circulation pattern combined with Neoglacial glacier advances led to increased katabatic wind activity and triggered increased aeolian activity from large outwash plains. DA - 2025/07// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1111/bor.12688 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 54 IS - 3 SP - 382 EP - 394 J2 - Boreas LA - en SN - 0300-9483, 1502-3885 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bor.12688 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:21:11 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Holocene paleoclimate variations and East Asian monsoonal dynamics revealed by high‐resolution OSL dating of aeolian sediments in the Qinghai Lake Basin AU - Zhang, Zhaokang AU - E, Chongyi AU - Sun, Yongjuan AU - Zhang, Jing AU - Shi, Yunkun AU - Peng, Qiang AU - Xianba, Ji T2 - Earth Surface Processes and Landforms AB - The Holocene paleoenvironmental evolution at the sub-orbital scale on northeast Tibetan Plateau based on aeolian records remains unclear due to ubiquitous depositional hiatuses and erosional events. Here, the Heike (HK) aeolian sand section in the Qinghai Lake Basin (QLB) was dated using high-resolution optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating, revealing a continuous HK aeolian sand-palaeosol sequence spaning millennial timescales since the Last Deglaciation ( 13.5 ka). Climatic variations since the Last Deglaciation ( 13.5 ka) were reconstructed using OSL dating, radiocarbon dating, elemental geochemical characteristics, grain size, total organic carbon and magnetic susceptibility. During the Last Deglaciation (13.5–11.7 ka), the climate appeared cold and dry, dominated by strong aeolian activity. During the Early to the beginning of the mid-Holocene (11.7–7 ka), the climate experienced frequent oscillations between cold-dry and warm-humid conditions, two remarkable cold events occurring around 8.9 and 8.2 ka. During the Holocene Climatic Optimum (7–4 ka), the climate was warm and humid. During the Late Holocene (4–0 ka), the climate began a gradual shift toward colder and drier conditions between 4 and 2 ka, but it was still overall warmer and more humid than the Early Holocene baseline. Since 2 ka, the cold-dry trend further strengthened, accompanied by a resurgence of aeolian activity in the QLB. Climate changes along the East Asian monsoon margin in the QLB were controlled by the interplay between the East Asian summer monsoon and the East Asian winter monsoon. DA - 2025/07// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1002/esp.70112 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 50 IS - 9 SP - e70112 J2 - Earth Surf Processes Landf LA - en SN - 0197-9337, 1096-9837 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/esp.70112 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:21:09 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Erosion rates of yardang landforms downstream of the Peacock River, NW China AU - Youliang, Bai AU - Li, Bo AU - Rong, Jinhong AU - Chen, Hui AU - Zheng, Jinming AU - Liu, Jianshe AU - Bao, Tan AU - Jin, Jiangnan AU - Wang, Chuan T2 - Journal of Sedimentary Environments AB - Yardang landforms are important research objects in the fields of climate change, geomorphological evolution, aeolian sand management, and ecosystem stability. The Lop Nur area, where the term “Yardang” originated, has witnessed limited indepth studies of its Yardang landform development and evolution. Here, we integrate field surveys of Yardang landforms downstream of the Peacock River with 14C dating, optical stimulated luminescence dating (OSL), large-scale topographic mapping, and three-dimensional (3-D) laser scanning to investigate the erosion rates of these landforms. Our key findings are as follows: (1) We systematically determined the deposition, exposure, and erosion times related to Yardang development downstream of the Peacock River; these were 2800 ± 300, 1900, and 565 ± 25 a BP, respectively. (2) Since 565 ± 25 a BP, the average erosion rate of Yardang landforms downstream of the Peacock River has ranged from 0 to 1.54 cm/a, with 88.32% of the area experiencing rates between 0.55 and 1.37 cm/a. Currently, 72% of the area is eroding at rates ranging from 0 to 3.0 cm/a, with 17.30% of that area experiencing rates of 0.6‒1.2 cm/a, and 38.70% experiencing rates of < 0.6 cm/a. The current erosion rates are substantially lower than historical averages, with some low-lying areas currently accumulating sediment. (3) We have established a comprehensive research method for the determination of erosion rates; this is based on the developmental patterns of Yardang landforms for historical average erosion rates, and on 3-D laser scanning for current erosion rates, allowing us to determine both the historical average and current erosion rates of Yardang landforms downstream of the Peacock River. The establishment of a permanent erosion monitoring network in this area will support the long-term tracking and monitoring of Yardang landform development and provide a foundation for research on climate change, geomorphological evolution, aeolian sand management, and ecosystem stability in the region. These findings are crucial in understanding the evolution of Yardang landforms in this region and will facilitate the advancement of numerical simulations aiding long-term geomorphological evolution research. Our study provides insights into the timing of Yardang landform development as well as historical and current erosion rates; it also establishes a comprehensive research methodology, which is essential for quantitative research on the formation and development environment of Yardang landforms downstream of the Peacock River. DA - 2025/12// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1007/s43217-025-00253-6 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 10 IS - 4 SP - 1065 EP - 1077 J2 - J. Sediment. Environ. LA - en SN - 2662-5571, 2447-9462 UR - https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s43217-025-00253-6 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:21:07 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Age of Blown Sand in the East Slovak Lowland—Case Study from Svätuše Sand Pit, Slovakia AU - Dirnerová, Diana AU - Farkašovský, Roman AU - Hinca, Róbert T2 - Geosciences AB - A sedimentary profile consisting of blown sand capped by a sand-loam bedded interval was analysed in the Svätuše sand pit in the East Slovak Lowland. Stratigraphically, blown sands from this lowland have so far only been indirectly classified into the Weichselian glacial, mainly into its middle and upper stages. The age classification presented in this study results from the optically stimulated luminescence dating method. It identifies the blown sand from the Svätuše as originating during the Early Glacial and Early Pleniglacial phases of the Weichselian glacial (MIS 4–5d). At the end of the Early Glacial phase of the Weichselian glacial, palaeoenvironmental conditions changed. The deposition of blown sand became episodic rather than continuous. As a result, the analysed sedimentary record is composed of a sand-loam interbedded interval in the uppermost part. DA - 2025/11/12/ PY - 2025 DO - 10.3390/geosciences15110429 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 15 IS - 11 SP - 429 J2 - Geosciences LA - en SN - 2076-3263 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/15/11/429 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:21:04 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The Late Quaternary Aeolian Deposits in the Subtropical Bose–Bubing Basins, Southern China AU - Zhong, Jiemei AU - Lai, Ping AU - Liao, Wei AU - Lai, Zhongping AU - Bae, Christopher J. AU - Wang, Wei AU - Vandenberghe, Jef T2 - Quaternary AB - Aeolian deposits are globally recognized as sensitive recorders of Quaternary climate and environmental change, exemplified by the continuous loess sequences of the Chinese Loess Plateau in northern China, which document paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental evolution since the Miocene. However, such deposits have rarely been confirmed in low-latitude inland regions of southern China. Here we present systematic evidence of aeolian deposition in a low-latitude environment, namely at the Xinlipoding (XLPD) Paleolithic site, situated between the Bose and Bubing Basins in Guangxi, southern China. Using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL), geochemical, and grain-size analyses, we investigate 100 cm thick yellow-brown sandy loam exposed on the hillside of the Bubing Basin. OSL dating constrains its accumulation between 25.3 ± 1.5 ka and 2.7 ± 0.1 ka, spanning the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to the late Holocene. Geochemical signatures indicate that the sediments were primarily derived from a nearby terrace in the Bose and Bubing Basins. Grain-size end-member modeling further reveals a mixed alluvial-aeolian origin, comprising both windblown and reworked loess. These findings demonstrate that aeolian dust deposition persisted even in the humid subtropical low-latitude regions of China, recording continuous dust input across glacial–interglacial cycles. The XLPD section thus provides a valuable framework for reconstructing late quaternary environmental change and extends the spatial reach of global aeolian deposition into previously underrecognized regions. Importantly, it also offers a crucial paleoenvironmental context for human occupation in the Bubing Basin from the LGM through the late Holocene. DA - 2025/11/28/ PY - 2025 DO - 10.3390/quat8040070 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 8 IS - 4 SP - 70 J2 - Quaternary LA - en SN - 2571-550X UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2571-550X/8/4/70 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:21:02 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Luminescence dating of three loess-paleosol sequences in the western Pamir Plateau and their paleoclimatic implications during the Late Pleistocene AU - Kang, Jian AU - Zan, Jinbo AU - Yang, Shengli AU - Li, Pushuang AU - Liu, Li AU - Fang, Xiaomin AU - Zhang, Weilin AU - Azamdzhon, Murodov T2 - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology AB - Central Asia, characterized by complex topography and arid to semi-arid climate, is heavily influenced by the westerlies, which transport water vapor and dust aerosols, creating a highly variable climate system in this region. Thick loess deposits in central Asia serve as key archives offering valuable insights into the historical evolution of climate, environmental changes, and dust dynamics. However, the absence of a robust chronological framework has impeded efforts to retrieve the full paleoclimatic information from central Asian loess. In this study, we performed detailed chronological analyses on three thick loess-paleosol profiles in southern Tajikistan, employing a combination of luminescence dating and magnetic susceptibility stratigraphy. We applied the single-aliquot regenerative-dose (SAR) protocol for medium-grained (38–63 μm) quartz grains and the postinfrared infrared stimulated luminescence (pIR200IR290) protocol on polymineral grains. These results provide a reliable age constraint for the Tajikistan loess deposited during the Late Pleistocene, revealing a highly synchronous pattern with widespread contemporaneous loess-paleosol cycles and deep-sea oxygen isotope records. Our chronological analyses indicate that depositional hiatuses occurring at the top of paleosol horizons represent a common and significant issue in central Asian loess sequences, with important implications for their stratigraphic division and correlation. Using the Bacon age-depth model, we further reconstructed variations in magnetic susceptibility (χ), dust accumulation rate (DAR), and medium grain size for the Late Pleistocene loess S1-L1 from the SRN (Shahrinav) and KMD (Karamayidan) profiles, covering approximately 80–20 ka. The observed decreasing gradients in loess thicknesses and DAR from west to east indicate the primary dust source of deserts in the western central Asia. Moreover, these data reveal the persistent regional climatic variability throughout the last glacial-interglacial cycle, driven by the topographic transition from the sloping foreland to the rugged mountains in Tajikistan. The wetter conditions during interglacial periods likely intensified regional moisture disparities, whereas drier glacial conditions amplified differences in dust accumulation rates and mineral grain sizes. These results highlight the necessity of accounting for regional variability when interpreting paleoclimatic data from loess in central Asia. DA - 2025/12// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.palaeo.2025.113317 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 680 SP - 113317 J2 - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology LA - en SN - 00310182 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0031018225006029 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:20:56 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The challenges of direct dating of fossil teeth from the Australopithecus africanus, Taung Child type site, South Africa AU - Yu, Wenjing AU - Herries, Andy I.R. AU - Joannes-Boyau, Renaud T2 - Quaternary Geochronology AB - This paper presents the analyses of Combined Uranium Series and Electron Spin Resonance (US-ESR) dating on enamel fragments from five fossil teeth from the Hrdlicˇka Pinnacle of the Australopithecus africanus Type Site at the Buxton-Norlim Limeworks, near Taung, South Africa. The mammal teeth were recovered from two types of deposits, the A. africanus bearing Pink Claystone (PCS) deposit that formed as layers within the Thabaseek tufa, and the secondary Yellow Red Sandstone (YRSS) deposit that filled cavities eroded through the tufa and PCS. The teeth were dated using enamel fragments following the US-ESR procedure. Two software programs, USESR (Shao et al., 2014) and DATA (Grün et al., 1988) were employed for the age estimation, however, the USESR software encountered numerous challenges, especially in modelling uranium uptake history. This is the first attempt to date a Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene tufa deposit using US-ESR dating. The complicated history, poor preservation of the samples, and the diagenetic process in the fossil teeth samples make the dating very challenging. Especially as all samples suffered from uranium leaching and three of the five samples had high uranium concentrations in the enamel. This appears to be related to the nature of the tufa environment where high uranium concentrations have also been identified in secondary flowstones formed in caves within the tufa deposits. The final age estimate for the PCS deposits, contemporary with the Taung skull, is a minimum of approximately 2.4 Ma, based on the EU model. Similarly, a minimum age of approximately 1.8 Ma is estimated for the YRSS deposits. The USESR ages (~2.0 Ma for the PCS deposit and ~1.3 Ma for the YRSS deposit) were less preferred due to being derived using an extrapolation function. Nevertheless, all results are associated with many uncertainties and complexities and it should be approached with great caution. Another possibility is that the deposit might be challenging to date using the USESR method. The difficulties of dating old sites like Taung in South Africa and in particular tufa environment have been highlighted. DA - 2025/10// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.quageo.2025.101696 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 90 SP - 101696 J2 - Quaternary Geochronology LA - en SN - 18711014 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1871101425000470 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:20:52 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Sediment Transport into the Saline Western Songnen Basin of NE China from the Late Early Pleistocene to the Early Holocene AU - Zhang, Xinrong AU - Ai, Changli AU - Kong, Fanpeng AU - Zhao, Jian AU - Gong, Yan AU - Pei, Yandong AU - He, Jinbao T2 - Land AB - Salinization in the western Songnen Plain has limited regional ecology and land use for decades, with its primary cause closely tied to sediment transport. To elucidate sediment evolution and its role in soil salinization, a borehole from saline-alkali land in Taonan County, west of the Songnen Plain, was investigated within an AMS14C, OSL, and ESR dating framework. Grain size analysis, end-member modeling, and major-element geochemistry revealed four transport components—fluvial, aeolian, glacio-fluvial, and lacustrine. Five provenance stages from the late Early Pleistocene to the Early Holocene were found: (1) distal weathered volcanic rock transport with minor fluvial–alluvial input; (2) proximal alluvial–proluvial transport; (3) ice meltwater and wind-driven transport; (4) predominantly wind transport; and (5) renewed fluvial–proluvial transport. These shifts correspond to regional paleoclimate fluctuations driven by global ice volume cycles, which control sediment supply, hydrology, and consequently salt accumulation in warm humid periods and upward salt migration in cold dry periods. The findings of this study demonstrate that Pleistocene glacial–interglacial climate cycles are the dominant driver of sediment transport and salinization dynamics on the western Songnen Plain. DA - 2025/11/15/ PY - 2025 DO - 10.3390/land14112263 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 14 IS - 11 SP - 2263 J2 - Land LA - en SN - 2073-445X UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/14/11/2263 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:20:50 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Radiocarbon, ESR and thermoluminescence (TL) dating of archeological monuments in Azerbaijan AU - Saadi Ahadova, Aybaniz T2 - Journal of Young Researcher AB - This study sought to enhance the precision of C-14, ESR and TL dating of archaeological monuments in Azerbaijan. The charcoal samples was collected from various sites (Polutepe, Shomutepe, Goytepe, Pahsatepe, Boyukdash-Anazaga, Burugtepe, Alkhantepe, Gebele-Selbir, Uzun Reme ) for C-14 measurements. The counting vial was transferred into the liquid scintillation analyzer TriCarb 3100TR and allowed to count for a period of 300 to 1000 minutes depending on the size, age, and precision requirements. As a scintillation solution, 1 ml of commercially available SIGMAALDRICH liquid scintillation mixture PPO/POPOP in toluene was added. In this study the Radiocarbon dating method was used to date the age of charcoal samples from the archeological monuments in Azerbaijan. Calibration results was calculated with 68% and 95% probability (0=1950). Teeth and pottery samples were collected from the following archaeological sites: Jalilabad-Polutepe, Fuzuli-Leletepe, Ismayilbeytepe, Agstafa-Hesensu, Berde-Emirli-3, Jalilabad-Pashatepe, Gobustan-Anazaga, Gobustan-Boyukdash, Gobustan-Kichikdash, Jalilabad-Khudutepe, Chukur-Gebele, Mingechevir, Jalilabad-Elikomektepe, Gebele-Galayeri, and Yardimli-Arvana. The ESR and TL methods were employed to ascertain the age of the samples obtained from the aforementioned sites. DA - 2025/// PY - 2025 DO - 10.59849/2409-4838.2025.3.126 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) IS - 3 SP - 126 J2 - Jour. Y. Res. LA - en SN - 2409-4838 UR - http://doi.science.gov.az/pages/journals/jyr/pdf/jyr2025_3_126.pdf Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:20:47 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Quaternary stratigraphy of Bayan borehole in eastern Songnen Plain and its paleoclimate significance AU - Song, Haonan AU - Liang, Zhongkai AU - Duan, Mingxin AU - Liu, Muxiao AU - Liu, Liye AU - Chen, Zhuo AU - Han, Shoude AU - Zhang, Haicheng AU - Zhou, Chuanfang T2 - Scientific Reports AB - The Songnen Plain is a key region for Quaternary stratigraphic research in Northeast China. In this area, the Quaternary strata of the Bayan borehole reached a thickness of 58.00 m, offering excellent potential for investigation and research. A comprehensive analysis of the borehole was conducted using lithological characteristics, optically stimulated luminescence (OSL), electron spin resonance (ESR), magnetic susceptibility, grain-size distribution, and magnetostratigraphy. Based on these results, a polarity stratigraphic framework was established, subdividing the sequence into four units: the Holocene Series (0–1.50 m), Guxiangtun Formation (1.50–18.80 m), Harbin Formation (18.80–35.50 m), and Huangshan Formation (35.50–58.00 m). Chronostratigraphic and paleoenvironmental interpretations were derived to establish a Quaternary stratigraphic framework for the eastern Songnen Plain. Grain-size end-member analysis was applied to the Bayan borehole using the Analysize method to extract three effective grain-size components. EM1 (6.72 μm) corresponded to the atmospheric background dust; EM2 (21.20 μm) reflected the input from distal dust sources associated with southwesterly wind signals; and EM3 (45.60 μm) indicated the proximal deposition influenced by winter monsoon intensity. Comparative analysis of magnetic susceptibility (MS), mean grain size (Mz), grain-size end-members (EM), and marine isotope stages revealed strong correlations, identifying multiple climate response events. In the eastern Songnen Plain, the Middle Pleistocene was marked by a transition from dry-cold to cool-moist conditions, with a boundary at approximately 250 ka. During the Late Pleistocene, the region experienced alternating phases of dry-cold and cool-semi-humid conditions. The Holocene was characterized by a warm and semi-humid climate. These findings provide a robust data foundation for refining the Quaternary stratigraphy of the Songnen Plain and offer critical insights into its formation history, stratigraphic evolution, and paleoclimatic development. DA - 2025/08/31/ PY - 2025 DO - 10.1038/s41598-025-15418-6 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - 32027 J2 - Sci Rep LA - en SN - 2045-2322 UR - https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-15418-6 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:20:42 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Late Middle Paleolithic and Early Upper Paleolithic of the Western Balkans: lithic assemblages from Šalitrena Pećina (Serbia) AU - Mihailović, Bojana AU - Mihailović, Dušan AU - Dragosavac, Sofija AU - Marković, Jelena AU - Pajović, Danilo AU - Silva, Larissa O. AU - Skinner, Anne AU - Roksandic, Mirjana T2 - Quaternary International AB - Sˇalitrena Pec´ina represents one of the key multi-occupational sites for studying the late Middle and early Upper Paleolithic in the Peripannonian region of the Northern Balkans. Here we present the findings from the cave entrance and the new (ESR) dates obtained for the Middle Paleolithic sequence of the site. The Middle Paleolithic layers (6e-6a), dated between the end of MIS 5 (c. 77 ka) to c. 40 ka, contained Mousterian assemblages with a moderately prominent Levallois component, in which the Quina aspect is completely absent. A rich Upper Paleolithic artifact assemblage attributed to the Middle Aurignacian was collected from Layer 5, which has been radiometrically dated to 36–33 ka cal BP. The assemblage contains narrow front burin-like cores, twisted and straight bladelets, and different tool types – including burins and retouched blades. The Mousterian and Aurignacian chronology of the Sˇalitrena Pe´cina and the data on other Paleolithic sites in the region support the notion that the expansion of modern humans towards the Central and Western Europe occurred along the Danube and Sava corridors and that Neanderthal groups survived longer in the western than in the eastern part of the Balkan peninsula. DA - 2025/11// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109990 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 749 SP - 109990 J2 - Quaternary International LA - en SN - 10406182 ST - Late Middle Paleolithic and Early Upper Paleolithic of the Western Balkans UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1040618225003337 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:20:39 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Evolution of the East Asian Summer Monsoon in the Songnen Plain, NE China since 195 ka recorded by the Harbin loess succession AU - Zhou, Ying AU - Sun, Lei AU - Xie, Yuanyun AU - Kang, Chunguo AU - Wei, Chuanyi AU - Wang, Yehui AU - Wei, Zhenyu AU - Wu, Peng AU - Liu, Haijin T2 - CATENA AB - The loess deposits of the Songnen Plain in NE China, situated at the easternmost margin of the Eurasian Loess Belt, hold critical significance for understanding the eastward expansion of Asian inland aridification since the Miocene. However, the unique dark brownish-black paleoso1 layers within the Songnen Plain loess-paleosol sequences may have been influenced by post-depositional waterlogging and/or gleyization, rendering their climatic proxies incapable of recording syn-depositional climatic conditions. This substantially constrains the reconstruction of East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM) evolution in the Songnen Plain during the Quaternary. To address this, we conducted optically stimulated luminescence(OSL) and electron spin resonance (ESR) dating, coupled with high-resolution magnetic susceptibility (χlf, χhf and χfd) and colorimetric(a*, b*, and L*) analyses on the Harbin loess section, aiming to decipher the climatic implications of these proxies and reconstruct the EASM dynamics in the Songnen Plain since the late Middle Pleistocene. Results demonstrate that χlf and chromaticity values in the paleosol layers are significantly lower than those in the loess horizons due to gleyization. Utilizing χlf-MAP and a*/b*-MAT climatic transfer functions derived from potential dust source topsoils, we reconstructed the EASM evolution since 195 ka: (1) During 195–176 ka, the EASM intensified, with mean annual precipitation (MAP) reaching 520 mm and mean annual temperature (MAT) persistently maintained at ~6◦C; (2) From 176 to 100 ka, the EASM exhibited a gradual weakening trend through three warm-humid to cold-dry cycles; (3) Between 100 and 32 ka, the EASM remained weak, with MAP consistently at low values (450 mm), though a transient increase to 500 mm occurred during 57–63 ka. Notably, decoupling between precipitation and temperature emerged during 45–57 ka and 133–138 ka, characterized by warm-dry hydrothermal configurations. The strength variations of the EASM in the Songnen Plain are controlled by interactions between high- and lowlatitude processes, and were primarily driven by (1) high-latitude forcings, including cyclical expansions/retreats of global ice sheets, and (2) low-latitude precession-driven variations in solar radiation intensity. DA - 2025/11// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.catena.2025.109343 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 259 SP - 109343 J2 - CATENA LA - en SN - 03418162 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0341816225006459 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:20:36 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Doing the time warp again: Electron Spin Resonance dating reveals oldest numeric age for Notiomastodon platensis Ameghino, 1888 (Mammalia, Proboscidea) AU - Mothé, Dimila AU - Kinoshita, Angela AU - Baffa, Oswaldo AU - Luna, Carlos A. T2 - Geobios AB - Here we used Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) dating methods on seven fossil specimens to update the temporal and geographic distributions of the Quaternary proboscidean Notiomastodon platensis Ameghino 1888, from Córdoba Province, Argentina. While abundant in the Late Pleistocene/Early Holocene South American fossil record, the knowledge about the Early-Middle Pleistocene records of this proboscidean is scarce due to limited numeric datings data. ESR results reveal numeric ages ranging from 560 ± 40 to 47 ± 7 ka, placing the species within the Ensenadan to Lujanian stages of the Pleistocene (Chibanian to Late Pleistocene). The Ensenadan record represents the oldest numeric age of Notiomastodon platensis in South America. The study highlights the importance of numeric dating in addressing the geochronological data gap for South American megafauna and reveals the multiple environments that Notiomastodon platensis inhabited during Quaternary, suggesting slow vertical migrations in response to climatic changes, with mountainous regions of Cordoba province serving as refuges. The need for further numeric datings is emphasized in this study, to improve our understanding of the evolutionary history and extinction drivers of South American proboscideans during the Quaternary. DA - 2025/08// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.geobios.2024.11.008 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 91 SP - 81 EP - 88 J2 - Geobios LA - en SN - 00166995 ST - Doing the time warp again UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0016699525000336 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:20:33 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Deciphering Pleistocene Fault Activity in the Eastern Alps: dating fault gouges with Electron Spin Resonance and Optically Stimulated Luminescence AU - Prince, Erick AU - Tsukamoto, Sumiko AU - Grützner, Christoph AU - Bülhoff, Muriel AU - Ustaszewski, Kamil T2 - Tectonics AB - The Eastern Alps have been influenced by post‐collisional indentation tectonics since the Miocene. Currently, Adria‐Europe convergence, albeit slow, is accommodated and distributed across several faults. The seismogenic potential of some of these faults is unclear. We applied optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and electron spin resonance (ESR) dating to fault gouges to constrain which portions of the Periadriatic Fault (PAF) System, Lavanttal Fault, and Šoštanj Fault experienced surface‐rupturing earthquakes during the Quaternary. The saturation level of the quartz ESR Al center signal was used as a metric of seismic activity to compare between the faults. Our results showed that the Lavanttal Fault experienced the least Quaternary seismic activity, followed by the PAF, while the Šoštanj Fault exhibits the most recent seismic events. The Lavanttal Fault samples showed ESR saturation levels of approximately 97%, and minimum ages ranging 863 ± 41–2,151 ± 323 ka, indicating that if earthquakes occurred, they did so before this period. The PAF was seismically active during the Pleistocene, with maximum ESR ages ranging 899 ± 67–305 ± 25 ka and minimum K‐feldspar OSL ages ranging 179 ± 13 to 62 ± 4 ka (pIRIR225). Despite a spread in ESR ages, the saturation level was consistent between samples, averaging 66 ± 4%. The Šoštanj Fault yielded an ESR age of 644 ± 30 ka and OSL of 30 ± 4 ka. The age difference lies in the dating range of both systems, but the results still suggest a shorter recurrence interval than the other two faults. Overall, our results show the utility of ESR and OSL dating in identifying periods of fault activity and complementing other approaches to fill temporal gaps. DA - 2025/08// PY - 2025 DO - https://doi.org/10.1029/2024TC008662 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 44 IS - 8 SP - e2024TC008662 LA - en ST - Deciphering Pleistocene Fault Activity in the Eastern Alps Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:20:30 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Dating the Middle Palaeolithic of Fumane Cave by the combined ESR/U‐series method AU - Falguères, Christophe AU - Gruppioni, Giulia AU - Bahain, Jean Jacques AU - Dolo, Jean Michel AU - Peresani, Marco T2 - Journal of Quaternary Science AB - Fumane Cave, located in Northern Italy, is a major prehistoric site for understanding late Neandertal and early modern human behaviours. The cave contains a 12‐m‐thick stratigraphic sequence of Middle and Upper Palaeolithic layers, which have yielded a number of flint artefacts and faunal remains. The upper part of the stratigraphic sequence is well‐dated using radiocarbon analysis, placing the last Middle Palaeolithic occupations at ca. 44–45 ka cal BP and the first Upper Palaeolithic occupations (Uluzzian and Aurignacian) after around 43 ka cal BP. However, the lower part of the stratigraphic sequence remains less well‐documented chronologically. Previous thermoluminescence (TL) dating placed the entire sequence within the last climatic cycle, following the last Interglacial stage (MIS 5e). In this study, we present a revised chronology for the Middle Palaeolithic levels at Fumane Cave, based on combined Electronic Spin Resonance/Uranium (ESR/U)‐series dating of herbivorous teeth spanning much of the sequence. Our results diverge from earlier TL data, indicating that the oldest layers date to MIS 7–6 (units S9–S3) and MIS 6–5 (units BR12–BR9). For the late Mousterian (units A11–A4) and the Upper Palaeolithic (unit A2), recalculated ages using new in situ gamma measurements align with existing radiocarbon and TL dates. However, our findings highlight the methodological challenges of applying ESR/U‐series dating to samples younger than 50 ka, particularly in heterogeneous layers. These new results suggest that Middle Palaeolithic occupations at Fumane Cave spanned over 200 ka, covering the two most recent climatic cycles. This extended temporal framework parallels that of San Bernardino cave, another key site in Northern Italy, and underscores the prolonged presence of Levallois technology in the region. © 2025 The Authors Journal of Quaternary Science Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. DA - 2025/07// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1002/jqs.3719 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 40 IS - 5 SP - 862 EP - 875 J2 - J Quaternary Science LA - en SN - 0267-8179, 1099-1417 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jqs.3719 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:20:28 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Characterizing and dating authigenic phosphates from the sedimentary infill of Atapuerca archaeo-paleoanthropological cave sites (Spain) AU - Campaña, I. AU - Duval, M. AU - Álvaro-Gallo, A. AU - Guilarte, V. AU - Shao, Q. AU - Ortega, A.I. AU - Arnold, L.J. AU - Demuro, M. AU - Bermúdez De Castro, J.M. AU - Carbonell, E. T2 - Quaternary Geochronology AB - We present the results of a characterization and dating study of eight authigenic apatite samples collected from various stratigraphic units of three cave sites across the Atapuerca complex, namely Gran Dolina, Galería Complex and Sima del Elefante. Characterization analyses using X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence and Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) spectroscopy have been used to determine the nature and composition of the samples: seven of them are mostly made of hydroxyapatite, while one is composed of crandallite, and all show variable amounts of contamination by calcite and/or sediment. The timing of authigenic apatite formation, which results from the weathering of the limestone in a karstic environment, has been tentatively constrained through a combination of bulk and spatially resolved analyses using ESR and U-series methods. The dating results obtained enable the identification of various formation events during the Middle and Late Pleistocene at each site, around 170–180 ka and 110–120 ka in Gran Dolina, ~250 ka and ~40 ka in Galería Complex, and, possibly, ~360 ka in Sima del Elefante. Importantly, all these ages are significantly younger than the depositional age of the host sediment, thus confirming the post-depositional nature of authigenic apatite. Additionally, the absence of age consistency across sites suggests that they have all experienced independent diagenetic events, which cannot be attributed to the overall karst dynamics of the Sierra de Atapuerca, but should rather be regarded as local processes. DA - 2025/08// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.quageo.2025.101674 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 89 SP - 101674 J2 - Quaternary Geochronology LA - en SN - 18711014 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1871101425000251 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:20:25 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Cenozoic Multiphasic Activity and Mesozoic Basin-Control Role of the Dingri–Gangba Fault, Southern Tibet: An Integrated Study of Structural Analysis, Stratigraphic Correlation, and ESR Geochronology AU - Xin, Chongyang AU - Yan, Songtao AU - Li, Hu AU - Dai, Xuejian AU - Liu, Tao AU - Wang, Jie T2 - Geosciences AB - The Dingri–Gangba fault, a major structure within the Himalayan Orogenic Belt, records significant geological events, including the tectonic evolution of the northern margin of the Indian plate and the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau. However, its geometry, kinematics, and tectonic characteristics remain debated. To constrain the tectonic evolution of the Dingri–Gangba fault, this study integrates detailed field investigations and structural analysis with Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) dating to characterize its three-dimensional architecture and quantify the timing of its deformation phases. The results show that the fault trends nearly E–W and exhibits multi-phase structural superimposition, including thrusting (60–40 Ma), normal faulting (35–11 Ma), and strike-slip shear (18–6.8 Ma). These phases reflect a multi-stage tectonic evolution following the India–Eurasia collision. Stratigraphic comparisons reveal that during the Mesozoic, the Dingri–Gangba fault played a significant basin-controlling role, marked by variations in sedimentary thickness, soft-sediment deformation, and volcanic activity. The sedimentary evolution alternated between periods of “differentiation” and “uniformity”. A comprehensive analysis suggests that the tectonic evolution of the Dingri–Gangba fault is closely linked to the dynamic transition of the Tethys Himalaya from a passive continental margin to a collision orogeny, also reflecting changes in the tectonic stress field following the India–Eurasia collision. These findings provide valuable insights into the tectono–sedimentary–magmatic coupling along the southern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. DA - 2025/11/19/ PY - 2025 DO - 10.3390/geosciences15110440 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 15 IS - 11 SP - 440 J2 - Geosciences LA - en SN - 2076-3263 ST - Cenozoic Multiphasic Activity and Mesozoic Basin-Control Role of the Dingri–Gangba Fault, Southern Tibet UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/15/11/440 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:20:21 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) dating of fossil mammals from the Pinjor Formation, Upper Siwaliks, India AU - Kaur, Anubhav Preet AU - Skinner, Anne AU - Patnaik, Rajeev T2 - Quaternary International AB - The Pinjor Formation of the Upper Siwaliks, is one of the most extensive and continuous Early-to-Middle Pleistocene deposits in the northern Indian Subcontinent and has yielded rich record of fossilised mammalian remains. However, it suffers from poor chronological controls with the entire deposit chronologically constrained between 2.58-0.63 Ma using palaeomagnetic dating. Such poor temporal constraints have hindered various analyses of Pinjor age fauna, particularly those focused on understanding Pleistocene changes and fluctuations in the ecology and climate and its possible impact on faunal and hominin populations in the region. Given the antiquity of the sediments of the Pinjor Formation, most methods of absolute dating have proven to be inconclusive in yielding any results generally due to temporal and sedimentary constraints. In this paper we use Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) dating to derive chronometric dates from fossilised teeth with a known stratigraphic association and propose a preliminary division of Pinjor age fossil localities into three time bins, 2.58–1.77 Ma, 1.8–1 Ma and 0.9–0.4 Ma. This method has scope for future applications, particularly for fossil localities in India, with ex-situ assemblages, exposed away from palaeomagnetically dated sections that suffer from poor chronological constraints at the moment. DA - 2025/09// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109920 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 744 SP - 109920 J2 - Quaternary International LA - en SN - 10406182 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1040618225002630 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:20:19 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Hominins on Sulawesi during the Early Pleistocene AU - Hakim, Budianto AU - Wibowo, Unggul Prasetyo AU - Van Den Bergh, Gerrit D. AU - Yurnaldi, Dida AU - Joannes-Boyau, Renaud AU - Duli, Akin AU - Suryatman AU - Sardi, Ratno AU - Nurani, Indah Asikin AU - Puspaningrum, Mika Rizki AU - Mahmud, Irfan AU - Haris, Afdalah AU - Anshari, Khairun Al AU - Saiful, Andi Muhammad AU - Arman Bungaran, P. AU - Adhityatama, Shinatria AU - Muhammad, Putra Hudlinas AU - Akib, Anwar AU - Somba, Nani AU - Fakhri AU - Burhan, Basran AU - Mas’ud, Zubair AU - Moore, Mark W. AU - Perston, Yinika L. AU - Yu, Wenjing AU - Aubert, Maxime AU - Brumm, Adam T2 - Nature DA - 2025/10/09/ PY - 2025 DO - 10.1038/s41586-025-09348-6 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 646 IS - 8084 SP - 378 EP - 383 J2 - Nature LA - en SN - 0028-0836, 1476-4687 UR - https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09348-6 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:20:17 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Thermoluminescence (TL) properties of quartz from different geological settings and their implications for geological dating and radiation dosimetry AU - Marngar, Akshibahunlang AU - Dubey, Vikas T2 - Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry AB - Quartz is a common and geologically complex mineral that is most commonly used in thermoluminescence (TL) applications for dating geological events and radiation dosimetry. This review provides an overview of the TL behavior of quartz derived from igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary environments, emphasizing how the means of formation influences defect structures, trap parameters and TL sensitivity. It summarizes experimental work on glow curve behaviors, defect centers chemistry, thermal and irradiation histories, and provides comparative perspectives across quartz types. Sedimentary quartz has the highest TL sensitivity and well-bleached trap populations, and is potentially the best for radiometric dating of geological events and retrospective environmental dosimetry. Applications as luminescence dating of geological events and retrospective dosimetry surrounding radiation exposure, are discussed as representable examples. Future research directions include recent advances in trap engineering, TL instrumentation, and Ai-analysis of glow curves, providing opportunities for standardizing methods of analysis and standardizing the methodology of quartz for luminescence-based technologies. DA - 2025/11// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1007/s10967-025-10464-w DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 334 IS - 11 SP - 7599 EP - 7621 J2 - J Radioanal Nucl Chem LA - en SN - 0236-5731, 1588-2780 UR - https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10967-025-10464-w Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:20:13 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Temporal variation of luminescence sensitivity and environmental changes during the mid-late Holocene recorded in estuarine coastal deposits from South China AU - Hou, Chenyang AU - Jin, Jianhui AU - Ma, Mingming AU - Liu, Gengyu AU - Ling, Zhiyong AU - Wei, Junjie AU - Xu, Daiyu T2 - CATENA AB - Predicting sediment movement and tracing their origins is crucial on the constantly changing earth’s surface. Luminescence has a special potential for determining the provenance of sediments. Its benefits include being suitable for quartz and feldspar, which are ubiquitous in geology. Because of its characteristics, luminescence can be used for investigate, tracking changes in transport rates, and determine the sources of sediment. Clarification of the tracer effect of luminescence on the provenance also means that it can be used as an indicator of landscape or environmental evolution. More work is needed to test the application of luminescence properties in different deposition environments to expand the capabilities and scope of its application. We selected a core from a comparatively enclosed region on the South China coast in order to investigate the connection between luminescence properties and landscape change. Using grain size and other proxies, we investigated the sedimentary environment. Tested the luminescence sensitivity, and established a luminescence chronology of the area dating back to the Middle and Late Holocene. And it turns out, the change in quartz luminescence sensitivity in the closed area with uniform lithology of the source rocks is controlled by the changes in sedimentary dynamics and the history of burial and transportation. Therefore, it is further suggested that luminescence sensitivity can be used as an indicator to identify landscape changes. DA - 2025/07// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.catena.2025.109022 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 255 SP - 109022 J2 - CATENA LA - en SN - 03418162 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0341816225003248 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:20:06 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Study the effect of irradiation, optical bleaching and heating on the thermal stability of OSL signals of quartz from dune sands in northern China AU - Gong, Zhijun AU - Yan, Hong AU - Luo, Ming T2 - Quaternary Geochronology AB - Variability in the thermal stability of quartz OSL signals has been observed for Late Quaternary sediments in different geographic setting in China. In this study, quartz grains were extracted from the Taklimakan Desert and the Hunshandake sandy land and the thermal stability of their quartz OSL signals were further investigated. Firstly, quartz aliquots of Taklimakan Desert were measured by using pulse annealing tests. It was found that the quartz from the Taklimakan Desert exhibited highly variable pulse annealing curves, showing the significant differences in the thermal stability of quartz OSL signals. Secondly, laboratory irradiation, optical bleaching and heating experiments were designed to test their effects on the thermal stability of quartz OSL signals. To compare the thermal stability among different quartz aliquots more efficiently, the thermal remnant ratio (TRR) was used as the proxy for the thermal stability, which was measured by using the ratios of the remnant OSL signals measured after cut-heat to 280 ◦C to those measured after cut-heat to 240 ◦C in the simplified pulse annealing tests. For the quartz samples from the Taklimakan Desert, it was found that the operated cycles of dosing and bleaching have relatively insignificant effects on the TRR values of quartz OSL. For the effect of heating on TRR value, it is dependent on samples. When the initial TRR value of quartz OSL is significantly less than 0.9, heating to high temperatures (e.g. ≥400 ◦C) has significant effect on the TRR value of quartz OSL. When the initial TRR value of quartz OSL is equal to or larger than 0.9, the effect of heating on the TRR value is not obvious. Such results suggest that different heating history of quartz plays an important role in the thermal stability of the quartz OSL signal. Thirdly, the TRR values of quartz OSL of Taklimakan Desert were compared with those of Hunshandake sandy land. For the Taklimakan Desert, it was found that only a part of the quartz grains exhibit TRR values equal to or larger than 0.9. In comparison, the TRR values for the majority of quartz grains from the Hunshandake sandy land are equal to or larger than 0.9. Such results demonstrate the different heating histories of quartz grains between the Taklimakan Desert and the Hunshandake sandy land, i.e. only a part of quartz grains from the Taklimakan Desert suffered from high temperature heating, while the majority of quartz grains from the Hunshandake sandy land suffered from high temperature heating during geological past. The different heating histories of quartz grains between the Taklimakan Desert and the Hunshandake sandy land are consistent with the different geological settings of the two regions. Our studies suggest that the proxy (i.e. TRR) of the thermal stability of quartz OSL has advantages over luminescence sensitivity for distinguishing the provenance of sediments with different heating histories. DA - 2025/06// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.quageo.2025.101672 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 88 SP - 101672 J2 - Quaternary Geochronology LA - en SN - 18711014 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1871101425000238 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:20:02 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Soil dynamics along an escarpment of a quartz sandstone tableland AU - Amrein, Simon AU - Egli, Markus AU - Duszyński, Filip AU - Migoń, Piotr AU - Jancewicz, Kacper AU - Tikhomirov, Dmitry AU - Waroszewski, Jarosław T2 - Geomorphology AB - Long-term geomorphic evolution of tablelands involves various mechanisms and processes. The retreat of peripheral escarpments is assumed to be of key significance. How soils evolve on escarpments undergoing retreat and what they tell about the pace of this retreat is poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, the following research questions were set: (a) How do the composition and the properties of soils change with distance from a sandstone caprock escarpment? (b) What is the weathering state of the soil material? (c) How do erosion and deposition rates compare within an escarpment cliff? The Stołowe Mountains in Poland provide a spectacular tableland landscape where a sandstone caprock overlies mudstones and marls, resulting in morphologically bipartite slopes, with a cliff line at the top and planar to concave slopes below. Eight profiles along a toposequence within the escarpment of Urwisko Batorowskie were investigated. By using the fallout radionuclides 239+240Pu as a tracer, soil erosion and deposition rates along the sequence were assessed. For a comprehensive understanding of soil characteristics in relation to erosion processes, weathering severity was characterised by using weathering indices. Soil dynamics were further investigated using a portable optically stimulated luminescence reader. The soils exhibited complex characteristics and varied from Podzols to Stagnosols, Gleysols and possibly polygenetic soils. Soil erosion and deposition rates showed a high variability along the slope, with erosion rates of 0.5–6.4 t ha 1 yr 1 and deposition rates of 0.2–6.9 t ha 1 yr 1, and thus an almost equal mass balance. Weathering indices and luminescence measurements revealed the high dynamics of these soils. Some abrupt changes along the profiles and within the sequence indicated (lithological) discontinuities in the soils. Consequently, soils along such slopes often exhibit a polygenetic character. Although the area is forested, soil redistribution rates appeared comparable to agricultural land. The soil dynamics showed that the entire escarpment is an active morphodynamic domain, notwithstanding the paucity of clear landform record of this activity. DA - 2025/07// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.109793 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 481 SP - 109793 J2 - Geomorphology LA - en SN - 0169555X UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0169555X2500203X Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:19:59 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Luminescence characteristics of terrestrial Jarosite from Kachchh, India: A Martian analogue AU - Singhal, Malika AU - Moitra, Himela AU - Mitra, Souvik AU - Panda, Aurovinda AU - Yadav, Jayant Kumar AU - Sarma, D. Srinivasa AU - Kumar, Devender AU - Chauhan, Naveen AU - Gupta, Saibal AU - Singhvi, Ashok Kumar T2 - Meteoritics & Planetary Science AB - In this study, naturally occurring jarosite samples from Kachchh, India (considered to be Martian analogue) were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Cathodoluminescence–Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (CL-EDXS), and Luminescence (thermoluminescence [TL], blue and infrared stimulated luminescence [BSL and IRSL]) methods. FTIR and CL-EDXS studies suggested that jarosite preserves its luminescence characteristics even after annealing the samples to 450°C. This facilitated luminescence studies (TL/BSL/IRSL) to assess the potential use of luminescence-dating methods to establish the chronology of jarosite formation or its transport. Jarosite exhibited TL, BSL, and IRSL signals with varied sensitivities. The TL glow curve of jarosite comprised glow peaks at 100, 150, 300, and 350°C, reproducible over multiple readout cycles. The least bleachable TL glow peak at 350°C is reduced to (1/e)th of its glow peak intensity (i.e., 36%) with 100 min of light exposure under a sunlamp. BSL and IRSL optical decay signals comprised three components. These signals exhibited athermal fading of g 6%/decade, but pIRIR signal at 225°C showed a near zero fading. The saturation doses (2D0) ranged from 700 Gy to 2600 Gy for different signals, which suggests a dating range of 25 ka using a reported Martian total dose rate of 65 Gy/ka, primarily due to cosmic rays. Multiple TL glow peaks and their widely differing stability also offer promise to discern changes in cosmic ray ﬂuxes over a century to millennia time scale through inverse modeling and laboratory experiments. DA - 2025/08// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1111/maps.70021 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 60 IS - 8 SP - 1921 EP - 1938 J2 - Meteorit & Planetary Scien LA - en SN - 1086-9379, 1945-5100 ST - Luminescence characteristics of terrestrial Jarosite from Kachchh, India UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/maps.70021 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:19:54 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Further investigations into the accuracy of infrared-radiofluorescence (IR-RF) and its inter-comparison with infrared photoluminescence (IRPL) dating AU - Sontag-González, Mariana AU - Murari, Madhav K. AU - Jain, Mayank AU - Frouin, Marine AU - Fuchs, Markus T2 - Geochronology AB - Abstract. Infrared radiofluorescence (IR-RF) is an alternative dating technique for potassium feldspar grains, offering a higher signal stability and based on a simpler underlying mechanism than more common luminescence dating approaches. However, its accuracy when tested on known-age samples has so far shown inconsistent results. In this study, we present a refined accuracy assessment using samples that have previously produced unreliable IR-RF ages. Our approach incorporates two major methodological advancements developed over the past decade: elevated temperature measurements using the IR-RF70 protocol and sensitivity change correction by vertical sliding. To expand the dose range comparison, we included two additional samples: one expected to be in saturation and another of modern age. Additionally, we evaluated the effect of using a narrower bandpass filter to exclude any signal contributions from potentially contaminating shorter wavelength emissions. Our results following the IR-RF70 protocol with sensitivity corrections show an improvement over the original room temperature results. For four out of the seven tested known-age samples spanning 20–130 ka, we obtained results in keeping with the expected doses. Two additional modern samples, however, yielded slight age underestimations. Introduction of a multiple-aliquot regenerative dose (MAR) protocol improved the accuracy of two out of three samples with large sensitivity changes. Finally, we also compared the new IR-RF equivalent doses (De) to those obtained with the newer trap-specific dating method infrared-photoluminescence (IRPL) for the same samples, including previously published values and new measurements. We observe that with the new improvements the success rate of IR-RF is comparable to that of IRPL. DA - 2025/08/06/ PY - 2025 DO - https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-7-289-2025 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 7 IS - 3 SP - 289 EP - 308 LA - en Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:19:48 ER - TY - JOUR TI - First LM-OSL analysis of natural alexandrite AU - Amorim, Yasmim F. AU - Nunes, Matheus C.S. AU - Chruścińska, Alicja AU - Wiśniewski, Krzysztof AU - Trindade, Neilo M. T2 - Radiation Measurements AB - Linearly Modulated Optically Stimulated Luminescence (LM-OSL) analysis of alexandrite in powder form and incorporated with a polymer matrix was performed in order to investigate the components of its curves. LM-OSL curves were deconvoluted into four first-order components, and the behavior of their intensities revealed two traps’ pairs: super-fast component and fast component, and medium component and slow component, responsible for the LM-OSL signal of powder alexandrite. The thermal stability test showed that after 100 ◦C of preheat temperature, the super-fast component of alexandrite pellet vanishes. A luminescence spectrum collected under 470 nm stimulation indicated a photoluminescence process, suggesting electrons excitation can cause disturbance in OSL process when the luminescence is stimulated with blue LEDs due to its high energy photons. DA - 2025/06// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107441 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 184 SP - 107441 J2 - Radiation Measurements LA - en SN - 13504487 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1350448725000708 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:19:46 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Application of instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) to ceramics and clay sources for the late period ( c . 950 years BP) in the Southern Argentine Puna: Interweaving sources, objects and practices AU - Gasparotti, Leticia AU - Plá, Rita AU - Arévalo, Victoria T2 - Archaeometry AB - The study of the raw materials used in the production of ceramic objects involves studying the materiality of the objects themselves while providing insights into the factors that guided the choice of a particular resource over another. Simultaneously, this article focuses on the social contexts in which these objects were produced. We present the results obtained through an instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) of ceramics from the Corral Alto site (Antofagasta de la Sierra, Catamarca) of Argentina. The results suggest that most ceramic pieces were locally manufactured, contrasting with earlier periods and coinciding with the emergence of new ways of dwelling in the Southern Argentine Puna. DA - 2025/06// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1111/arcm.13032 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 67 IS - 3 SP - 662 EP - 681 J2 - Archaeometry LA - en SN - 0003-813X, 1475-4754 ST - Application of instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) to ceramics and clay sources for the late period ( c . 950 years BP) in the Southern Argentine Puna UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/arcm.13032 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:19:40 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Determining equivalent dose for optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating with physically meaningful dose response curves AU - Kitis, George AU - Polymeris, Georgios S. AU - Peng, Jun T2 - Quaternary Geochronology AB - Non-linear dose–response curves are common in many thermoluminescence (TL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimetric applications, especially in TL and OSL dating. In most cases, these calibration curves are characterized by saturating exponential expressions; consequently, the accuracy of equivalent dose 𝐷𝑒 is highly dependent on the specific position along the saturating exponential curve. In the present work, accuracy is estimated through numerical simulations using novel analytical dose–response expressions based on the Lambert 𝑊 function. These simulations are subsequently extrapolated to experimental OSL dose–response curves obtained from dating experiments. The 𝐷𝑒 was estimated by solving the new dose–response expressions and the error 𝜎𝐷𝑒 , arising from the uncertainty of the natural signal, was evaluated through analytical expressions derived using error propagation theory. Finally, an analytical expression was derived for the derivative of the dose–response function, and the accuracy of 𝐷𝑒 correlated with the derivative at the point corresponding to the unknown dose. The newly derived analytical expressions, based on physical models, enable the determination of 𝐷𝑒 in both linear and non-linear regions of the dose response curves (DRC). This model offers a significant advantage over other existing empirical expressions, whose results lack theoretical justification. The present study offers a general and objective method to identify samples potentially affected by 𝐷𝑒 saturation, through direct evaluation of the derivative of the DRC. DA - 2025/06// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.quageo.2025.101671 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 88 SP - 101671 J2 - Quaternary Geochronology LA - en SN - 18711014 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1871101425000226 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:19:02 ER - TY - JOUR TI - R scripts for dose rate calculation in trapped charge dating AU - Zhang, Junjie AU - Tsukamoto, Sumiko T2 - Ancient TL AB - We present R scripts for environmental dose rate calculations for trapped charge dating, and this contribution introduces these scripts along with associated templates and provides instructions for their use. We also discuss issues related to radon loss and alpha dose rate calculation. In addition to the R scripts for quartz and feldspar, we have prepared R scripts to calculate dose rates of carbonate minerals in a homogeneous medium, and to model the time-dependent changes in dose rates resulting from U-series disequilibrium following carbonate crystallization. These R scripts are freely available on GitHub and Zenodo. DA - 2025/07/30/ PY - 2025 DO - https://doi.org/10.26034/la.atl.2025.7701 DP - Zotero VL - 43 IS - 1 LA - en ER - TY - JOUR TI - Implementation of retrospective dosimetry using ceramic material from spark plugs AU - Silva, Claudete Roberta Evangelista AU - Meira-Belo, Luiz Claudio T2 - Applied Radiation and Isotopes AB - The aim of retrospective dosimetry is to estimate absorbed radiation doses experienced by individuals or objects in past events using physical, chemical, biological, or historical evidence. Solid-state dosimetry techniques, such as thermoluminescence (TL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL), play a crucial role in reconstructing radiation exposure scenarios. In this study, the feasibility of using automotive spark plugs as retrospective dosimeters was investigated, inspired by the luminescent properties of the ceramic insulator, which is primarily composed of alumina (Al2O3). The high operational temperature of spark plugs effectively reset any pre-existing environmental radiation signals, ensuring that any luminescent response primarily reflects accidental radiation exposure. The single-aliquot regeneration-dose (SAR) protocol was applied using TL and OSL to assess the dosimetric properties of spark plug insulators. The results demonstrate that these components can serve as reliable dosimetric materials and can accurately map radiation dose distributions in accidental exposure scenarios. DA - 2025/11// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112067 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 225 SP - 112067 J2 - Applied Radiation and Isotopes LA - en SN - 09698043 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0969804325004129 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:18:46 ER - TY - JOUR TI - How much K is oK? – Evaluating different methods for K-concentration determination and the effect of the internal K-concentration on feldspar luminescence dating AU - Maßon, Linda Andrea Elisabeth AU - Riedesel, Svenja AU - Opitz, Stephan AU - Zander, Anja AU - Bell, Anthony AU - Cieszynski, Hanna AU - Reimann, Tony T2 - Geochronology AB - For luminescence dating of potassium-rich (K) feldspars, the presence of 40K within the K-feldspar grains contributes signiﬁcantly to the internal dose rate of the sample. Whilst it is common practice to determine uranium, thorium„ and potassium concentrations for external dose rate calculations, the vast majority of studies do not measure the internal K concentration. Instead, most studies apply published K concentrations of 10 ± 2 % (Smedley et al., 2012), 12.5 ± 0.5 % (Huntley and Baril, 1997), or 13 ± 1 % (Zhao and Li, 2005) to their samples. The use of these high literature-based K concentrations is usually justiﬁed by two assumptions: (i) only K-feldspar grains with high K concentrations contribute to the luminescence signal signiﬁcantly, and (ii) we reliably exclude Na-feldspar luminescence signals using ﬁlters, with a narrow transmission window around the K-feldspar emission peak of ∼ 410 nm. However, these assumptions may not apply to all samples, and assuming K concentrations that are too high might result in signiﬁcant dose rate overestimation. DA - 2025/10/20/ PY - 2025 DO - https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-7-475-2025 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 7 SP - 475 EP - 492 LA - en ST - How much K is oK? Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:18:43 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Life Beyond the Lakes: An Analysis and Implications of a Pleistocene Combustion Feature on the Pike River in South Australia AU - Westell, Craig AU - Roberts, Amy AU - Morley, Mike W. AU - Moffat, Ian AU - Hernandez, Vito C. AU - Spooner, Nigel AU - McDonnell, Kathryn AU - Rudd, Rachel AU - Petchey, Fiona AU - Aboriginal Corporation, River Murray And Mallee T2 - Journal of Archaeological Science AB - The Pike River is an anabranch and palaeochannel of the Murray River located in South Australia’s Riverland region, in the southwestern part of the Murray-Darling Basin. The floodplain contains abundant and varied archaeological evidence of Aboriginal life, including extensive deposits of shell midden exposed along the high cliff-line bounding the southeastern margin of the floodplain. The oldest of these deposits has been securely dated, so far, to ~29 ka cal BP. This article presents the results of chronological, micromorphological and sedimentary analyses of a combustion feature also located on this cliff-line. Based on our analysis and interpretation of the feature’s stratigraphic context, in combination with 14C and OSL dating, we argue that the feature is ~43 ka old. Whilst the combustion feature contains no associated cultural material (e.g. stone artefacts or faunal remains) we argue that a cultural origin is, nonetheless, supported given the feature’s geometry, sedimentary structures, geochemistry and magnetic response. As such, we argue that the feature provides a rare glimpse into the earliest peopling of the Murray River corridor. Further, the feature is amongst some of the earliest pieces of evidence for human pyrotechnology in the Australasian region and only one of a few examples from an open-air site that is microstratigraphically (micromorphologically) contextualised. The preservation of combustion features of this antiquity in open-context sites is extremely rare, both in this region and globally. DA - 2025/08// PY - 2025 DO - 10.2139/ssrn.4891146 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 180 SP - 106264 LA - en ST - Life Beyond the Lakes UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2025.106264 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:24:17 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Temporally staggered formation of the Middle Pleistocene terrace in the Gonghe Basin (northeastern Tibetan Plateau) and the evolution of the Upper Yellow River AU - Su, Qi AU - Wang, Xianyan AU - Yuan, Daoyang AU - Jiang, Jiale AU - Lai, Zhongping AU - Zhang, Li AU - Sun, Hao AU - Li, Hongqiang AU - Huang, Xilei AU - Zhou, Keyin AU - Li, Hongxuan T2 - Geological Society of America Bulletin DA - 2025/09/02/ PY - 2025 DO - https://doi.org/10.1130/B38225.1 DP - Zotero LA - en ER - TY - JOUR TI - INSIGHTS INTO THE SEA-LEVEL HISTORY OF THE SOUTH SHETLAND ISLANDS FROM GROUND PENETRATING RADAR ON LIVINGSTON ISLAND, ANTARCTICA AU - University of California, Santa Barbara AU - Gernant, Cameron AU - Simms, Alexander AU - DeWitt, Regina AU - Garcia, Christopher AU - Theilen, Brittany M. T2 - Quaternary Science Reviews AB - Sea-level changes in polar environments are important for understanding the timing and magnitude of past ice-sheet changes. Most of the few records of such past sea-level changes in Antarctica are those derived from raised beach ridges. Many studies using raised beach ridges to reconstruct past sea levels across Antarctica commonly assume that they only record falling sea levels. However, their internal architecture may contain a record of other oscillations in relative sea-level (RSL) change. In this study, we examine the internal architecture of a well-developed set of raised beach ridges on Livingston Island of the Antarctic Peninsula using 10+ km of ground penetrating radar (GPR). Recalibrated published radiocarbon ages are used in combination with new optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages to compare beach morphology and stratigraphy to the glacial history of the region. Within this flight of raised beach ridges, evidence was found for both regressive and transgressive depositional patterns marked by progradational seaward dipping facies deposited during periods of RSL fall followed by erosion and deposition of landward dipping overwash and aggrading beds during interpreted periods of RSL rise. This succession is routinely located over a notch in the bedrock interpreted to represent a wave-cut feature. The ages of raised beach ridges underlain by wave-cut notches and composed of landward-dipping strata correlate with known Holocene ice advances at <500, ~2000, and ~5000 cal yrs BP. We propose that these transgressive phases are the result of glacial-isostatic adjustment (GIA). This GIA hypothesis further supports recent assertions of a much more dynamic RSL history for Antarctic coastlines, which may contaminate the Last Glacial Maximum RSL signal across Antarctica. DA - 2025/07/01/ PY - 2025 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109363 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 359 SP - 356922 LA - en UR - https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2020AM/webprogram/Paper356922.html Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:21:51 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Beach Ridge Formation and Holocene Relative Sea-Level Changes in the Southern Sendai Coastal Plain, Northern Japan AU - Maruyama, Manata AU - Hori, Kazuaki AU - Tamura, Toru AU - Ishii, Yuji AU - Seike, Koji AU - Nakanishi, Toshimichi AU - Hong, Wan T2 - Geomorphology AB - Beach ridges are common on wave-dominated coasts in Japanese coastal plains. However, because sandy beachridge deposits generally lack materials suitable for radiocarbon dating, the timing of their formation remains unclear, except in a limited number of plains. This study investigates the sedimentary facies and infraredstimulated luminescence (IRSL) chronology of the beach ridge sequences and their subsurface deposits in the southern Sendai coastal plain, near the epicenter of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake. Borehole core sediments (10 m in length) retrieved from the four beach ridges primarily consist of three facies, in ascending order: lower shoreface, upper shoreface, and foreshore/backshore facies. Fading-corrected IRSL ages from foreshore/backshore deposits suggest that the most landward beach ridge formed around 6 ka, while the other three deposited within the last 4 ka. Additionally, corrected IRSL ages from the near-surface deposits corresponding to foreshore/ backshore deposits in numerous beach ridges provide a more detailed timeline of their formation. The succession from the uppermost lower shoreface to the foreshore/backshore likely occurred within a few hundred years for each beach ridge. The base elevation of the foreshore deposits, which likely corresponds to spring low tide levels, is approximately 1.2 m above present sea level in the most landward beach ridges, and more than 2.5 m higher than in the three seaward ridges. The elevation difference, along with evidence for a middle Holocene sea-level highstand, is primarily attributed to glacio-hydro isostasic adjustment of the Earth; however, tectonic movements associated with subsurface fault activity beneath the plain are also considered a possible contributing factor. DA - 2025/11/01/ PY - 2025 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.109957 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 488 SP - 109957 LA - en UR - https://www.ssrn.com/abstract=5172563 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:21:42 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Spatiotemporal Variations in Strain Release and Seismic Rupture in Multifault Systems: An Example from Panamint Valley, South- eastern California AU - LaPlante, Aubrey A AU - Regalla, Christine A AU - Sethanant, Israporn AU - Mahan, Shannon A AU - Gray, Harrison J T2 - Lithosphere DA - 2025/07/06/ PY - 2025 DO - https://doi.org/10.2113/2024/lithosphere_2024_187 DP - Zotero VL - 2024 IS - 15 SP - 2024_187, EP - 38 LA - en ER - TY - JOUR TI - Grand Canyon landslide-dam and paleolake triggered by the Meteor Crater impact at 56 ka AU - Karlstrom, K E AU - Baisan, C H AU - Kring, D A AU - Hereford, R AU - Turney, C AU - Hogg, A AU - Norman, L M AU - O’Brien, P AU - Palmer, J G AU - Rittenour, T M AU - Ballensky, J AU - Crossey, L J T2 - Geology AB - This paper hypothesizes that the Meteor Crater impact in Arizona, USA, 56,000 years ago triggered landslides in Grand Canyon that dammed the Colorado River and formed Nankoweap paleolake. This is compatible with shock and earthquake physics for the impact that infer a M5.4 seismic event, attenuated to an effective magnitude of M3.5 at Grand Canyon. Results that support the hypothesis include radiocarbon dating of driftwood and luminescence dating of associated slack-water lake sediments that are preserved in caves up to 60 m above the modern Colorado River. Radiocarbon ages from two locations, including Stanton’s Cave, date the driftwood as 55.25 ± 2.44 ka (n = 4). Sediments associated with the driftwood gave a luminescence age of 56.00 ± 6.39 ka (n = 2). These six Grand Canyon dates, and three published ages for the Meteor Crater impact, show statistically indistinguishable results that support the hypothesis for a geologically instantaneous series of events with a mean age of 55.60 ± 1.30 ka. This work highlights the value of radiocarbon dating near the limits of the technique, integration of multiple dating methods, and seismic and landslide hazards associated with meteorite impacts in regions of extreme topography like Grand Canyon. DA - 2025/// PY - 2025 DO - https://doi.org/10.1130/G53571.1 DP - Zotero VL - 53 SP - 10 LA - en ER - TY - JOUR TI - Fault Dynamics and Paleoseismic Evidence in the Darjeeling-Sikkim Himalayan Foothills: A Study of Fault-Controlled Landscapes " AU - Goswami, Chandreyee Chakrabarti AU - Singh, Atul AU - Štěpančı́ková, Petra AU - Jaiswal, Manoj K. AU - Jana, Prasun T2 - Geomorphology AB - The Darjeeling-Sikkim Himalayan foothills exhibit a dynamic interaction of regional thrusts, back thrusts, and transverse faults, facilitating strain adjustments. The back-thrust system is characterized by the hinterlandsloping Thaljhora, Nagrakata, and Baradighi scarps, while the transverse faults are controlling river courses, including the Neora, Murti, Jaldhaka, Gathia, and Jiti. This region, known as the Jaldhaka recess, shows evidence of active deformation. DA - 2025/// PY - 2025 DO - 10.2139/ssrn.4984570 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) LA - en ST - Fault Dynamics and Paleoseismic Evidence in the Darjeeling-Sikkim Himalayan Foothills UR - https://www.ssrn.com/abstract=4984570 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:22:21 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Thermoluminescence and Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dosimetry with Nacl Detectors Made at Different Sintering Temperatures AU - Ekendahl, Daniela AU - Čemusová, Zina AU - Sofer, Zdeněk AU - Plutnarová, Iva T2 - Radiation Measurements AB - Salt (NaCl) is well known as a thermoluminescence (TL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) phosphor that has potential for emergency dosimetry. Using grains of Alpine salt with iodine (Saline Reichenhall, Germany) purchased in a local grocery, detectors in the form of pellets were made. Some of them were sintered at temperatures of 400, 500 and 600 ◦C. TL and OSL dosimetry characteristics as sensitivity, sensitization, minimum detectable dose (MDD), dose response, energy response and fading were investigated for both the sintered and unsintered detectors. While sintering improved the potential of the detectors for TL dosimetry, the opposite was true for OSL dosimetry. For the sintered detectors, a distinct high-temperature stable TL peak was observed. However, due to its strong sensitization and dose response, the use of the Single-Aliquot Regenerative-dose (SAR) protocol is required for dose reconstruction. The dose response of the OSL signal of sintered detectors already showed saturation for doses in the order of tens of mGy, which excluded them from use for emergency dosimetry. In contrast, the OSL signal of unsintered detectors was distinguished by moderate sensitization and dose response allowing for the use of a simple analytical protocol. MDD values obtained for all the groups of detectors were less than 0.1 mGy. Both the TL and OSL signals monitored within 3 months after irradiation exhibited inverse fading. The energy response suggests that the detectors are suitable for applications in high-energy gamma radiation environment (>200 keV), especially if they are not part of a complex dosemeter with an appropriate filtration and algorithm. The comparison of the obtained characteristics of the investigated groups of salt detectors shows that the needs and requirements of emergency dosimetry are best met by the unsintered OSL detectors. DA - 2025/// PY - 2025 DO - 10.2139/ssrn.5137077 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) LA - en UR - https://www.ssrn.com/abstract=5137077 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:18:38 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Assessing the potential of a modified post-isothermal IRSL (pIt-IR) protocol to circumvent the problems posed by anomalous fading in polymineral fine grains AU - Nina Ataee , Helen M. Roberts , Geoff A.T. Duller T2 - Quaternary Geochronology AB - Attempts to find a ‘non-fading’ infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) signal have been ongoing in the past two decades, due to complications regarding measurement and application of anomalous fading as well as higher age uncertainty introduced by fading correction. In this research, the potential of the post-isothermal IRSL (pIt-IR) protocol to generate ages without the need for fading correction is investigated. Polymineral fine grain samples were collected from a sediment core from Lake Chew Bahir in Ethiopia which is supported by independent age control. The equivalent dose (De) values determined using the pIR50IR225 pIt-IR protocol are in agreement with the fading corrected pIRIR225 De values for the upper ~40 mcd of the core (~200 Gy), below which the pIR50IR225 pIt-IR De values underestimate the fading corrected pIRIR225 De values. This underestimation appears to be a consequence of the IR50 signal approaching field saturation since pIt-IR De determination depends on both IR50 and pIRIR225 signals. Increasing the measurement temperature of the first IR signal in the pIRIR225 pIt-IR protocol (from 50 to 150 ◦C, i.e. pIR150IR225 pIt-IR) appears to extend the upper limit of the pIt-IR protocol by producing De values that are consistent both with the fading corrected pIRIR225 De values (within 1σ uncertainties), and also in agreement with the ages of two known-age tephra (within 2σ uncertainties) down to ~90 mcd of the core (~450 Gy, ~180 ka). This demonstrates that the pIt-IR protocol is capable of producing De values and ages that do not require fading correction as long as the first IRSL signal in the pIRIR225 pIt-IR protocol is not in field saturation. However, verification of the accuracy of the De values and ages generated using the pIt-IR protocol is provided by comparison of the fading corrected IR50 and corrected pIRIR225 De values/ages, which could otherwise be collected directly through more conventional pIRIR protocols that are shorter in duration than pIt-IR measurement sequences. This raises questions regarding the benefit of using a pItIR protocol rather than a pIRIR protocol for dating, the primary advantage of which remains circumvention of the problems posed by anomalous fading for sediments that are younger than the field saturation values of the first IR signal measured in a pIt-IR protocol. DA - 2025/06// PY - 2025 DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2025.101676 DP - Zotero VL - 88 SP - 101676 LA - en ER - TY - JOUR TI - Long-term hydrologic connectivity on the Australian dryland margins: evidence from the Willandra Lakes World Heritage Area over the last 60 ky AU - Fitzsimmons, Kathryn AU - Fischer, Markus AU - Nowatzki, Maike AU - Lauer, Tobias AU - Mishra, Kanchan AU - Stern, Nicola T2 - Journal of Quaternary Science AB - The semi‐arid Australian continental inland is increasingly subject to climatic extremes such as drought and flooding. Combined with the exceptionally low topographic relief characteristic of this region, hydroclimatic extremes can have an enormous impact on the land surface. Nevertheless our understanding of dryland hydrologic connectivity and earth‐surface response remains poorly understood and largely unquantified. Here we investigate the impact of past hydroclimate on the semi‐arid Willandra Lakes over the last 60 ky, integrating sediment‐based chronologies for filling and drying of multiple basins with water‐flux modelling and reconstruction of palaeoclimate parameters. We quantify the threshold inflow volume required to fill the lake system to 2 km3. We establish that prior to 25 ka, permanent lakes persisted for protracted periods of time in response to increased catchment precipitation, consistent with regional geomorphic indicators for wetter conditions. By contrast, the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) oversaw rapid couplets of lake filling and drying despite lower precipitation, temperature, and increasing evaporation. We propose that seasonal snow melt from the highland headwaters during this cold phase, coupled with increased effective runoff due to reduced vegetation cover, was responsible for the large quantities of water entering the system at this time. © 2025 The Author(s) Journal of Quaternary Science Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. DA - 2025/07// PY - 2025 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3717 VL - 40 IS - 5 SP - 876 EP - 892 LA - en ST - Long-term hydrologic connectivity on the Australian dryland margins Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:24:56 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The Last Glacial Maximum in the Tropics: Human Responses to Global Change, 30–10 ka AU - Leplongeon, Alice AU - Ben Arous, Eslem AU - Mesfin, Isis AU - Forestier, Hubert AU - Gallet, Xavier AU - Griggo, Christophe AU - Puaud, Simon AU - Sémah, Anne-Marie AU - Vialou, Agueda AU - Pleurdeau, David AU - Lourdeau, Antoine T2 - Journal of World Prehistory AB - The world at 18,000 BP, published by Gamble and Soffer (The world at 18,000 BP. Vol. 2: low latitude, Unwin Hyman, 1990), represents the first, and so far the only, attempt at characterising and discussing the impact of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) on human societies on a global scale. At the time, they highlighted that research and data on the LGM in southern latitudes and the tropics in particular were scant. Since 1990, however, many sites dated to the LGM and located in tropical latitudes have been published. Many paradigms have changed regarding the peopling of the Americas, which allows the archaeology of this continent to be integrated into global scale studies of the LGM. The development of Pleistocene archaeology in tropical contexts, in parallel with methodological advances in cultural, geosciences and palaeoenvironmental studies have strongly reshaped what we know of the antiquity of human occupation in tropical regions and specific human–environment interactions. This article provides for the first time a pan-tropical perspective on the impact of the LGM on human groups living within the tropical latitudes, drawing from case studies in Southeast Asia, Africa and South America, specifically regions which have up until now never been discussed together. To this end, we focus on six different tropical regions between 30 and 10 ka. We present the archaeological and paleoenvironmental data available in these areas, along with proposed relationships for variations in these two records. Finally, we discuss at the regional scale the presence or absence of human changes (site density and technocultural change or continuity) before, during and immediately after the LGM. DA - 2025/12// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1007/s10963-025-09197-1 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 38 IS - 2 SP - 7 J2 - J World Prehist LA - en SN - 0892-7537, 1573-7802 ST - The Last Glacial Maximum in the Tropics UR - https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10963-025-09197-1 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:27:10 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The Flooding of Lagash (Iraq): Evidence for Urban Destruction Under Lugalzagesi, the King of Uruk and Umma AU - Goodman, Reed AU - Giosan, Liviu AU - Shen, Zhixiong AU - Zimmerman, Paul AU - Lang, Andreas AU - Constantinescu, Stefan AU - Pizzimenti, Sara AU - Alrawi, Zaid AU - Pittman, Holly T2 - Geoarchaeology AB - High‐resolution remote sensing, magnetometry, and trench stratigraphy identify a significant flood event at Lagash (modern Tell al‐Hiba) during the late Early Dynastic period (ca. 2400–2350 BC). Satellite imagery and magnetometry reveal a 90‐meter‐wide meander belt—3–15 times broader than documented canals—adjacent to primary temple districts. Test trenches further exposed over one meter of flood‐deposited silt covering existing architecture. Optically stimulated luminescence dating (central age: 2390 ± 220 BC) aligns closely with radiocarbon dates obtained from contemporaneous burn layers elsewhere on the site. Displaced artifacts, including an inscribed foundation nail from the reign of King Enannatum I (ca. 2425 BC) and diagnostic ceramics, confirm that the flood occurred after his rule but before Akkadian occupation. Integrating geomorphic, sedimentological, and textual evidence, we propose that the flooding was triggered when Lugalzagesi of Uruk‐Umma (reigned ca. 2350 BC) intentionally breached or precipitated the failure of Lagash's principal canal embankments during or immediately following his documented attack on the city. This event illustrates how critical infrastructure for irrigation and transportation could be deliberately exploited to exacerbate the environmental and economic impacts of warfare. By closely associating the flood, the military siege, and subsequent demographic decline within a single generational timeframe, our study refines third‐millennium BC Mesopotamian chronology and underscores the interconnected roles of hydrology, conflict, and urban resilience in early urban societies. DA - 2025/09// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1002/gea.70027 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 40 IS - 5 SP - e70027 J2 - Geoarchaeology LA - en SN - 0883-6353, 1520-6548 ST - The Flooding of Lagash (Iraq) UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/gea.70027 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:27:08 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The brick material culture of Urbino (UNESCO World Heritage, Central Italy) as inferred from a multidisciplinary archaeometric study on the historic architecture AU - Santi, Patrizia AU - Veneri, Francesco AU - Tonelli, Gianluigi AU - Tramontana, Mario AU - Panzeri, Laura AU - Galli, Anna AU - Renzulli, Alberto T2 - Built Heritage AB - Roman to Modern times (19th century) brick samples from monuments, walls and other masonry buildings of the historic centre of Urbino were investigated through a multidisciplinary approach, including mineralogy and texture (thin section and XRPD), chemistry (major-trace elements), physical–mechanical properties and thermoluminescence (TL) dating, coupled with the historic literature data. TL mostly confirms the building periods of the architectural structures where the bricks were sampled, also emphasising for the Cathedral a building period that lasted more than three centuries. The supply areas of the raw materials seem to have always been the same through time, very close to the city to the West and Northwest, represented by the deposits deriving from the weathering of the Marnoso-Arenacea Formation, which was able to give both clays and sands (temper) for the bricks. Some historic documents of the second half of the 15th century reporting an act of sale of a person living in the western areas surrounding Urbino with a commitment to providing several thousand of bricks to the Cathedral factory, seem to confirm the geological constraints. The firing temperature should have been reached at least 850–900°C, as indicated by the presence of new phases such as gehlenite and clinopyroxene in almost all the investigated samples. Nevertheless, the failure to achieve complete thermodynamic conditions for both wide inhomogeneities in grainsize and composition of the raw materials and the lack of temperature control during firing, mostly gave rise to incomplete calcite breakdown. The absence of standardisation of the pyrotechnological processes probably led to the large variability of the physical–mechanical features even for bricks of the same building period. Uniaxial Compressive Strength of the investigated historic bricks, however, falls within the range of present-day full-bricks, and a general improvement of the brick quality from Roman to Modern times was highlighted, as well as a progressive refinement in preparation techniques before firing. The brick material culture of Urbino continues seamlessly, after the investigated periods, until the second half of the 20th century, testified by the presence of the brick factory of the Fornace Volponi, just outside the historic centre of the city. DA - 2025/10/28/ PY - 2025 DO - 10.1186/s43238-025-00233-9 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 9 IS - 1 SP - 63 J2 - Built Heritage LA - en SN - 2662-6802 UR - https://built-heritage.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s43238-025-00233-9 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:27:03 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Site Formation History of Widgingarri Shelter 1, Northwestern Australia and Investigation of Postdepositional Disturbance With Single‐Grain OSL Dating and Soil Micromorphology AU - Saktura, Wanchese M. AU - Jacobs, Zenobia AU - Lin, Sam AU - O'Connor, Sue AU - Roberts, Richard G. AU - Malanali, Wudugu AU - Collins, Peter T2 - Geoarchaeology AB - Widgingarri Shelter 1 (WS1) is a rock shelter site within a small escarpment and preserves evidence of late Pleistocene and Holocene human activity. The site was first excavated in 1985 and again in 2022. Here, we present the stratigraphy and chronology following the latter excavation. Site context and stratigraphy were investigated through field observations of the landscape, site and soil micromorphology. A chronological framework was established from optical dating of 37 sediment samples, dated using the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) signals from individual grains of quartz. These datasets were combined to develop a chronostratigraphic framework for the site, which is used to present a site formation history. Four phases of site formation were identified that encompass the period between ~64,000 years ago and the present, including a lacuna between ~40,000 and ~23,000 years ago. The shelter space formed under a collapsed escarpment block, and the collapse likely overlapped with the period when people used this space. The sandy sediment that accumulated inside the shelter is extensively reworked. We present an approach for pairing the information obtained from single‐grain OSL dating with geoarchaeological observations to disentangle the complicating effects of postdepositional sediment mixing. DA - 2025/09// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1002/gea.70031 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 40 IS - 5 SP - e70031 J2 - Geoarchaeology LA - en SN - 0883-6353, 1520-6548 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/gea.70031 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:27:01 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Seafaring megaliths: A geoarchaeological approach to the Matarrubilla giant stone basin at Valencina (Spain) AU - Cáceres Puro, Luis M. AU - Donaire Romero, Teodosio AU - Lozano Rodríguez, José Antonio AU - Díaz-Guardamino, Marta AU - Martínez-Sevilla, Francisco AU - Medialdea, Alicia AU - Val, Miren Del AU - Alcaina-Mateos, Jonàs AU - Rodríguez-Vidal, Joaquín AU - Muñiz Guinea, Fernando AU - Vargas Jiménez, Juan Manuel AU - Rogerio-Candelera, Miguel Ángel AU - García Sanjuán, Leonardo T2 - Journal of Archaeological Science AB - A broad multidisciplinary approach is deployed to study an exceptional megalithic feature: the stone basin that presides over the chamber of the Matarrubilla tholos, part of the Valencina Copper Age mega-site (Sevilla, Spain). The study, including geoarchaeological characterisation and sourcing of the stone, traceological analysis of its surfaces based on photogrammetry and morphometrics, digital image analysis as well as OSL dating, leads to a number of substantial findings of great relevance to understand the significance of this stone basin, the only of its kind documented to this date in the Iberian Peninsula, with parallels only in Ireland and Malta. Among the most relevant conclusions, it is worth noting the fact that the gypsiferous cataclasite block the basin was made of was brought from the other side of the marine bay that five thousand years ago extended across the south-east of Valencina, this is the first evidence of waterborne transport of a megalithic stone in the Iberian Peninsula. In addition, the basin appears to have been put where it stands today sometime in the first half of the 4th millennium BC, long before any tholoi were built at Valencina, which suggest a prior history of still poorly documented monumentality at this mega-site. DA - 2025/08// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.jas.2025.106263 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 180 SP - 106263 J2 - Journal of Archaeological Science LA - en SN - 03054403 ST - Seafaring megaliths UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0305440325001128 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:26:59 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Re-excavation of cultural deposits at Švédův stůl cave in the Moravian Karst, Czech Republic AU - Way, Amy M. AU - Nejman, Ladislav AU - Hughes, Philip AU - Lisá, Lenka AU - Wright, Duncan AU - Nývltová Fišáková, Miriam AU - Sullivan, Marjorie AU - Moska, Piotr AU - Spooner, Nigel Antony AU - Škrdla, Petr AU - Mlejnek, Ondřej AU - Skopal, Nicholas AU - Neruda, Petr AU - Nerudová, Zdeňka AU - Přichystal, Antonín AU - Králík, Miroslav AU - Sůvová, Zdeňka T2 - Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports AB - Over the last 150 years archaeologists in Europe have targeted caves and rock-shelters. This has both enriched our knowledge of Palaeolithic cultures, and significantly reduced the number of sites with pristine, unexcavated cultural deposits dated to the Middle-Upper Palaeolithic (MP-UP) transition available for study today. In this paper we report the discovery of in situ sediments which preserve artefacts dating to the Neanderthal-Homo sapiens transition period, at a site previously assumed to have been excavated in its entirety. Our results demonstrate the utility of re-investigating previously excavated sites and provide further support for hominin presence in the Moravian Karst during the MP-UP transition. In situ sediments with excavation potential still remain at this site. As well as their archaeological potential, these remnant deposits, which span the Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 and possibly earlier stages, have considerable potential for enhancing our understanding of the palaeoenvironmental history of the Moravian Karst. DA - 2025/11// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105449 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 67 SP - 105449 J2 - Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports LA - en SN - 2352409X UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2352409X25004821 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:26:56 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Paleolithic hominin occupations and Quaternary geomorphological evolution in the NE Ararat Depression (Armenia) AU - Karampaglidis, T. AU - Fenn, K. AU - Gasparyan, B. AU - Braucher, R. AU - Lauer, T. AU - Vainer, S. AU - Gevorgyan, H. AU - Arakelyan, D. AU - Oikonomou, I. AU - Haydosyan, H. AU - Rogall, D. AU - Carrasco, R.M. AU - Pedraza, J. AU - Petrosyan, A. AU - Malinsky-Buller, A. T2 - Quaternary Science Reviews AB - The Ararat Depression, at the crossroads of Africa and Eurasia, spans Armenia, Turkey and Iran, providing a unique natural laboratory for studying landscape evolution, hominin lifeways and migration. This research integrates geomorphological mapping and sedimentary analysis with dating techniques such as Terrestrial Cosmogenic Nuclides (10Be–26Al) and Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) to reconstruct environmental history over the past 900,000 years. It investigates the formation and preservation of alluvial landforms in response to climatic fluctuations, Quaternary volcanism and tectonic activity, revealing discontinuities in the archaeological record. Late Pleistocene and Holocene alluvial deposits further illustrate the complex interplay between geomorphic processes and human settlement patterns. Findings indicate that the Middle and Upper Paleolithic occupations were shaped by shifting environmental conditions, with hominin presence fluctuating in response to glacial and interglacial cycles. This study enhances our understanding of how landscape evolution influenced hominin dispersal and adaptation in the Southern Caucasus. DA - 2025/11// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109532 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 368 SP - 109532 J2 - Quaternary Science Reviews LA - en SN - 02773791 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S027737912500352X Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:26:52 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dating of Earthenware from the Nam Tok Khao Pang Archaeological Site, Kanchanaburi, Thailand AU - Phetkongtong, Thananan AU - Klubket, Peerasak AU - Pailoplee, Santi AU - Limsuwan, Pichet AU - Thongpool, Voranuch T2 - Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals AB - The Nam Tok Khao Pang archaeological site, located in Tha Sao subdistrict, Sai Yok district, Kanchanaburi province, Thailand, is a limestone cave where numerous artifacts, including black-burnished earthenware fragments with in-curving rims, out-curving rims, and carinated bodies, have been discovered. Mineralogical and microstructural analyses using X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) identified quartz (SiO₂) as the dominant mineral phase within a partially sintered silicate matrix. The absence of vitrification and the presence of mineral impurities indicate that the earthenware was fired at temperatures between 900°C and 1000°C. To determine the age of these ceramics, optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating was conducted on three black-burnished earthenware fragments using the quartz inclusion method and the single aliquot regeneration (SAR) protocol. Annual dose rates were estimated from uranium (U), thorium (Th), and potassium (K) concentrations measured by laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The individual OSL ages obtained were 3.591 ± 0.63 ka, 3.479 ± 0.74 ka, and 3.717 ± 0.73 ka, yielding an average age of approximately 3.59 ± 0.34 ka. This places the artifacts within the Late Neolithic to Middle–Late Bronze Age period. These findings are consistent with the typological characteristics of the earthenware and align with radiocarbon dates obtained from charcoal collected from black-burnished earthenware vessels at the Ban Kao site, which also fall within the Late Neolithic period. This correlation supports the chronological framework of prehistoric settlement in the region and highlights the reliability of OSL dating for ceramic artifacts in tropical archaeological contexts. DA - 2025/08/28/ PY - 2025 DO - 10.55713/jmmm.v35i4.2389 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 35 IS - 4 SP - e2389 J2 - J Met Mater Miner LA - en SN - 2630-0508, 0857-6149 UR - https://jmmm.material.chula.ac.th/index.php/jmmm/article/view/2389 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:26:50 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Newly discovered Late Paleolithic sites in the southeastern margin of the Badain Jaran Desert, northwest China AU - Teng, Lu AU - Sun, Xuefeng AU - Liu, Hui AU - Zhao, Na AU - Yi, Shuangwen AU - Li, Feng AU - Guo, Xiaoqi AU - Yao, Yuan AU - Wang, Yinghua AU - Bae, Christopher J. AU - Lu, Huayu T2 - Quaternary Science Reviews AB - The Badain Jaran Desert (BDJL) is the second largest desert in China and is largely uninhabitable today. However, a number of Paleolithic cultural remains have been found in and around the BDJL, suggestive of earlier occupations by human foragers. Unfortunately, most of these artifacts were surface collected and lack reliable radiometric dates, making it difficult to further understand when prehistoric peoples entered the desert and how they survived once there. As a result of recent multidisciplinary fieldwork, eleven new lithic sites (BDJL1-11) were discovered in the southeastern margin of the BDJL. Four of these were initially excavated and found to contain buried Paleoliths, and the other seven sites had stone tools distributed on the surface. The stone artifact collections include microblades, small flakes, and scrapers, representing typical stone tool types of the Late Paleolithic in northern China. We applied Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) and Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) 14C dating to the buried sites’ stratigraphy and OSL dating to the underlying stratigraphy of the surface sites. The results suggest that: human foragers obtained water and possibly hunted near small lakes that were present in interdune basins (BDJL1-2) after 10.1 ka; humans settled in the rockshelter (BDJL3) and the cave (BDJL4) in the mountain basin around 5.9 ka and between 6.4 and 6.2 cal ka BP, separately; foragers hunted and used water in the proluvial fan margin with relatively favorable water and vegetation conditions (BDJL5-11) between approximately 9.3 ka and 7.6 ka, even later; humans collected stone materials and possibly used water along seasonal streams at the proluvial fan outlet (MDLS1-7) after approximately 7.3 ka. Temperature and precipitation simulated by Trace-21ka indicate that the climate of the BDJL was relatively warm and humid during the Early and Middle Holocene. The combination of better moisture conditions and increasing population density as evidenced by the increased number of microblade sites in the Yellow River Basin likely drove the migration and dispersal of human populations into the desert. This study reveals the diversity in resource utilization and the relative abundance of different activities by Late Paleolithic hunter-gatherers during the Early and Middle Holocene in the currently resource-scarce BDJL. The resource exploitation patterns of the BDJL human foraging groups provide new insights into prehistoric human adaptations to desert regions in northwestern China. DA - 2025/11// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109542 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 367 SP - 109542 J2 - Quaternary Science Reviews LA - en SN - 02773791 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0277379125003622 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:26:47 ER - TY - JOUR TI - New insights into the chronology of the Les Ferreres Aqueduct (Tarragona, Spain) by combining petrographic analyses and OSL dating on lime mortars AU - Sanjurjo-Sánchez, J. AU - Guasch-Ferré, N. AU - Pitarch Martí, A. AU - Badia, M. AU - Menchon, J. AU - Casas, L. AU - Prada, J.L. T2 - Journal of Cultural Heritage AB - The Les Ferreres bridge is a Roman aqueduct located in the municipality of Tarragona, Spain. It was constructed to supply water from the Francolí River to the ancient city of Tarraco. This aqueduct stands out as one of the most monumental and well-preserved examples from Roman times, and was listed as a UNESCO’s World Heritage Site in 2000. From 2010 to 2015, a comprehensive restoration project was undertaken, funded by the Spanish Ministry of Public Works and the Tarragona City Council. The initiative involved conservation issues, cleaning of the monument, investigating the origin of the raw materials used to build it, and determining the construction age. The characterisation of the mortars allowed us to know, for the ﬁrst time, that several types of mortars were used during the construction of the bridge, clearly different to other ones used in historical repairs. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of these mortars provides key information for the use of optical stimulated luminescence (OSL) in their dating, to provide insights into the construction phases and historical development of the aqueduct. Despite the heterogeneity of the mortar components, which added complexity to the dating process, the obtained OSL ages aligns with the historical and archaeological studies, providing new data about the chronology with unknown repairs during the Late Roman period. DA - 2025/11// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.culher.2025.10.004 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 76 SP - 327 EP - 337 J2 - Journal of Cultural Heritage LA - en SN - 12962074 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1296207425002158 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:26:45 ER - TY - JOUR TI - LUMINESCENCE DATING OF BRICK FROM NAKHON KALONG CITY ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE IN NORTHEASTERN THAILAND: Luminescence Dating of Brick from Ban Khon Sawan Archaeological Site in Northeastern Thailand AU - Phetkongtong, Thananan AU - Limsuwan, Pichet AU - Pailoplee, Santi AU - Thongpool, Voranuch T2 - Suranaree Journal of Science and Technology AB - Nakhon Kalong, located in Ban Khon Sawan, Khon Sawan District, Chaiyaphum Province, Northeastern Thailand, is an archaeological site associated with the Dvaravati period (12th-16th Buddhist centuries). The site features distinctive characteristics of Dvaravati culture, including a moated settlement, earthen ramparts, laterite structures, sandstone sema markers (bai sema), and a large sandstone Buddha image. The bricks used in construction at the site were subjected to a heating process prior to use, which makes them suitable for luminescence dating. In this study, brick samples obtained as rubble from excavation sites in Ban Khon Sawan were analyzed to determine their age. The accumulated dose was measured using Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating, while the annual dose was determined by Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The annual dose was measured at 2.80±0.67 mGy per year, and the accumulated dose was found to be 2.92±0.24 Gy. These values yield an estimated luminescence age of 1,042±263 years. The dating results are consistent with historical records, confirming the occupation of Nakhon Kalong during the Dvaravati period. DA - 2025/07/17/ PY - 2025 DO - 10.55766/sujst9931 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 32 IS - 2 SP - 030317(1 EP - 7) J2 - Suranaree J Sci Technol LA - en SN - 2587-0009, 0858-849X ST - LUMINESCENCE DATING OF BRICK FROM NAKHON KALONG CITY ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE IN NORTHEASTERN THAILAND UR - https://ird.sut.ac.th/journal/sjst/#/los/manuscript/25774 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:26:43 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Human presence in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau after the Last Glacial Maximum AU - Wang, Jia-Jing AU - Tan, Pei-Yang AU - Feng, Yue AU - Zheng, Zhe-Xuan AU - Guo, Yu-Jie AU - He, Jia-Ning AU - Wang, You-Ping AU - Zhang, Jia-Fu T2 - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology AB - The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is a critical region for understanding patterns of human occupation due to its hostile environment. Numerous archaeological sites have been reported on the plateau, except in its southeastern part. This study presents new archaeological findings from the Congqiancuo area in southeastern Tibet, located in the Haizishan Mountain region, a glacial landscape. Lithic artifacts, including small-sized flake tools and microblades, were discovered on the surface and in a test pit within the low terrace of Congqiancuo Lake, a morainedammed lake. Excavation revealed a 1.3-m stratigraphy with four layers, with artifacts found in Layers 3 and 2. Luminescence dating of quartz and K-feldspar grains, along with radiocarbon dating of charcoal, provided age estimates. The luminescence dating results were consistent across quartz and K-feldspar grains, while radiocarbon ages on charcoal were anomalously young. Bayesian statistical modeling refined the luminescence ages, yielding a date of 17.7 ± 1.9 ka for Layer 4, indicating human occupation shortly after the glaciers receded at 18.1 ± 1.4 ka. Cultural layers (Layers 3 and 2) were deposited between 13.8 and 4.2 ka, with the earliest human presence suggested around 11.8 ka. Sediment analysis of grain size and magnetic susceptibility reveals that humans likely inhabited the lake shore during a warmer climate, highlighting southeastern Tibet as a crucial settlement area post-Last Glacial Maximum and a potential route for the spread of microblade technology in high-altitude regions. DA - 2025/06// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.palaeo.2025.112878 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 667 SP - 112878 J2 - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology LA - en SN - 00310182 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0031018225001634 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:26:37 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Geochemical provenance studies of cultural materials from Sirvan historical Site, Ilam Province, Iran AU - Noghani, Somayeh AU - Sharifinia, Akbar AU - Emami, Mohammadamin AU - Hassan Rozatian, Amir Sayid AU - Abdellatief, Mahmoud AU - Khanzadi, Mohammadjavad T2 - Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports AB - This study aimed to investigate the historical background of the National Heritage Site of Sirvan in Ilam Province, Iran, and to conduct laboratory studies on six sediment samples and 15 unglazed potsherds. The optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating method was used to determine the age of the sediment layers and estimate the time of settlement at this site. The results of this analysis show that the age of the sediment layer T.T.203.13 was approximately 4000 ± 700 years, dating back to the Elamite historical period. Additionally, layer T. T.203.11, which dates the history of this site back to the Parthian and early Sasanian periods, is estimated to be about 1,700 ± 200 years. Therefore, contrary to the opinions of archaeologists and historians, this area is older than those of the late Sasanian and early Islamic periods. In addition to OSL dating, geochemical and mineralogical analyses of the pottery and sediment samples were performed using XRF and XRD methods. The results of these analyses showed that the chemical compositions of the studied pottery samples were significantly similar to each other and exhibited a notable resemblance to one of the analyzed sediment layers (T.T.203.11). This geochemical similarity strengthens the hypothesis of using local soil resources in the manufacture of historical Sirvan pottery and indicates that these potteries probably belong to the same historical period as sediment layer T.T.203.11 and likely correspond to the early Sasanian period. This research, utilizing a multidisciplinary approach and laboratory methods in a complementary manner, has taken a significant step toward investigating the age and identifying the origins of pottery raw materials at the Sirvan historical site. While confirming the antiquity and historical importance of this site, it can also serve as a basis for subsequent studies in the field of archaeometry and provenance of cultural materials in Sirvan. DA - 2025/10// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105302 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 66 SP - 105302 J2 - Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports LA - en SN - 2352409X UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2352409X25003359 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:26:32 ER - TY - JOUR TI - First Evidence of Roman Gold Mining Obtained by Luminescence Dating of Sediments in Les Guilleteres D’All (Cerdanya, Girona, Eastern Pyrenees) AU - Sanjurjo-Sánchez, Jorge AU - Morera Camprubí, Jordi AU - Vila, Oriol Olesti T2 - Land AB - In recent years, evidence of gold mining during the Roman period has been found by archaeologists in the Cerdanya region (Girona, Catalonia). In this region, Les Guilleteres d’All has been described as a mining complex because of the erosive features observed in the landscape; surveys have identified hydraulic mining opencast structures named chantier-cirques and chantier-ravins. The latter are smaller, but both require a water reservoir, specifically a water retention facility, to supply water flow. One of these buried water reservoirs has been excavated, revealing an enlarged area with a dam constructed from stone blocks. Two pottery sherds were found within the sediment layers deposited on the bottom of the reservoir—one dated to the 1st–2nd c. AD and the other to the Bronze Age—indicating that the reservoir was filled during historical times and the nearby presence of settlements from these periods. Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating was performed on two waterlain sediment layers deposited at the bottom deposited at the reservoir. The obtained ages, dating to 2nd–4th c. AD, correspond to the final phase or abandonment of mining activities. Hence, these ages provide the first evidence of mining activities in Les Guilleteres during Roman times. DA - 2025/09/19/ PY - 2025 DO - 10.3390/land14091912 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 14 IS - 9 SP - 1912 J2 - Land LA - en SN - 2073-445X UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/14/9/1912 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:26:29 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Dating earthworks with luminescence: Insights from the medieval ringfort of Den Burg, Texel (the Netherlands) AU - Van Beek, Roy AU - Chamberlain, Elizabeth L. AU - De Nooijer, Kirsten AU - Gerritsen, Sander AU - Bartels, Michiel AU - Wallinga, Jakob T2 - Quaternary Geochronology AB - Ancient human-made earthworks such as mounds, middens, levees, raised or terraced fields, enclosures and forts are omnipresent in many areas across the globe. They may offer rich and important information on past societies. However, harvesting such data is significantly hampered by the general lack of robust earthwork chronologies. Dating earthworks is notoriously difficult due to a variety of factors, including a scarcity of closely datable archaeological finds, the frequent absence of suitable and relevant material for radiocarbon dating, and lacking or ambiguous historical sources. Luminescence dating may provide a solution for these problems because it enables direct dating of sediment, a ubiquitous and relevant material in earthwork construction. In this paper we focus on ringforts: circular or semi-circular defensive structures surrounded by earthen banks and ditches, which originated in the first millennium CE and appear to reflect major transformations in early historical societies. We present the results of a detailed luminescence study of a ringfort underlying the modern town centre of Den Burg, on the Wadden Isle of Texel in the Netherlands. We dated samples from different sedimentary contexts (bank and ditch infills) using both quartz optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and feldspar single-grain post-infrared infrared stimulated luminescence (pIRIR). We analyze the results in the context of age interpretations based on other proxy data (radiocarbon dates, archaeological finds, historical evidence). This yields a new, robust dating chronology that changes the biography of the ringfort. The initial construction dates between 730 and 840 CE, making Den Burg the oldest known ringfort in the Low Countries. We reflect on the best practices for luminescence dating of earthworks and on archaeological implications for other ringforts in the Netherlands and beyond. DA - 2025/06// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.quageo.2025.101669 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 88 SP - 101669 J2 - Quaternary Geochronology LA - en SN - 18711014 ST - Dating earthworks with luminescence UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1871101425000202 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:26:25 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Comparative study of luminescence dating of pottery and sediments from the Holocene Zhuqiusi site in Central China AU - Wang, Chun-Xin AU - Shi, Lingling AU - Cao, Yanpeng AU - Fang, Lixia T2 - Journal of Archaeological Science AB - Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating has emerged as a robust protocol for establishing a chronological framework for archaeological sites, particularly due to the ubiquity of pottery and stratigraphic deposits, which offer useable dating materials. Despite its effectiveness, this method encounters challenges in dating young archaeological sites in the Holocene period, such as stratigraphic disturbances, insufficient bleach, and residual doses from infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) of potassium-rich feldspar (K-feldspar), which compromise the accuracy of the dating results. To address the challenges of optical dating in young archaeological sites and to demonstrate its accuracy, this study applies diverse luminescence dating techniques at the Holocene archaeological site of Zhuqiusi in the Central Plains of China, with a specific focus on accurately dating pottery and sediment samples. For fine-grain (FG) quartz samples from pottery, single-aliquot regenerative-dose (SAR) OSL dating and multiple-aliquot additive-dose (MAAD) thermoluminescence (TL) dating methods were used. For coarse-grain quartz and K-feldspar from sediments, the SAR-based OSL method was used for quartz and the multiple-elevated-temperature post-infrared IRSL (MET-pIRIR) method was used for K-feldspar; in both cases, multi-grain (MG) or single-grain (SG) measurement protocols were adopted to investigate the effect of bleaching on dating. The results showed that the quartz OSL and TL ages of pottery samples were consistent, while sediment quartz and K-feldspar showed varying degrees of insufficient bleaching, leading to significant age differences. For such samples, single-grain dating methods must be used to obtain accurate luminescence ages. Ultimately, the Zhuqiusi site was dated to two occupation stages: the Eastern Zhou Dynasty (2.14–2.82 ka) and the late Longshan period (3.90–4.27 ka), consistent with radiocarbon ages within the error range. The comparative study of luminescence dating in pottery and sediment provides a valuable guide to selecting dating methods for Holocene archaeological sites. DA - 2025/08// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.jas.2025.106270 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 180 SP - 106270 J2 - Journal of Archaeological Science LA - en SN - 03054403 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0305440325001190 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:26:23 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Chronology of dozens of Late Paleolithic sites in the Ulan Buh Desert, northwest China AU - Guo, Xiaoqi AU - Sun, Xuefeng AU - Yao, Yuan AU - Yu, Lupeng AU - Li, Feng AU - Yi, Shuangwen AU - Shao, Konglan AU - Teng, Lu AU - Wang, Yinghua AU - Zhao, Cheng AU - Bae, Christopher J. AU - Lu, Huayu T2 - Quaternary Science Reviews AB - The Ulan Buh Desert (UBD) is located in the arid region of northwest China, where a number of lithic artifacts have been surface collected in the past. However, due to the lack of clear in situ archaeological horizons, research on the age and environmental background of prehistoric human occupation in UBD is still in its infancy. Since 2020, field investigations have been conducted in the UBD and 37 new Paleolithic sites have been discovered, including two in situ buried sites (WL1-B and WL36) and 35 surface sites. The lithic collections encompass two different industries: 1) microlithic assemblages primarily composed of microblades; and 2) non-microlithic collections predominantly represented by flakes. The ages of the in situ buried sites were dated by Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) and Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) 14C, while the ages of the layers below the surface sites were determined via OSL. The dating results indicate human foragers occupied the eastern part of UBD (Region IV) at ~8.5–8.4 ka (WL1) and ~7.3 ka (WL36). In addition, the stratigraphy of WL1B and WL36 have consistent regional characteristics, with the upper layer dominated by sandy loess layers and the lower layer dominated by sandy layers. Based on the positional relationship between the stone artifacts and the sandy loess layer, the residual sandy loess layers near the stone artifacts from the surface sites are speculated to be likely related to their original depositional context. As such, the age derived from the surface sites may serve as a reference for the approximate age of human occupation in other regions of UBD, between around 9.8–5.7 ka, which is generally consistent with the age of the two in situ buried sites. During the Early-Middle Holocene, the UBD was dominated by a relatively humid environment, which would have provided opportunities for human expansion and occupation in an area that is currently near-uninhabitable desert. DA - 2025/11// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109573 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 368 SP - 109573 J2 - Quaternary Science Reviews LA - en SN - 02773791 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0277379125003932 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:26:21 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Chronological sequencing, site selection, and environmental context of Neolithic island settlements in southeastern coastal China AU - Wei, Junjie AU - Jin, Jianhui AU - Ling, Zhiyong AU - Zhang, Wenjie AU - Wei, Changfu AU - Zuo, Xinxin AU - Li, Zhizhong AU - Hou, Chenyang AU - Xu, Daiyu T2 - Quaternary International AB - Prehistoric island-type sites in coastal areas are highly influenced by marine hydrological changes due to their unique geographical settings. Haitan Island in South China is a key area for understanding the origins and dispersal of Austronesian civilization. Recent archaeological investigations have uncovered key Neolithic sites on the island, yielding a material record that offers a unique opportunity to address these questions. However, addressing the gaps in the absolute chronology of these sites and unraveling the dynamic processes of humanenvironmental evolution remain urgent research priorities. This study used Thermoluminescence (TL) and Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating techniques to analyze pottery from Neolithic sites on Haitan Island, southeastern China, to establish a reliable chronology. Dating results (radiocarbon and pottery OSL) indicate that the Xiying, Jianhu, and Citanghoushan sites on Haitan Island date to the mid-Holocene (7.5–6.5 ka). These findings extend the temporal range of the Keqiutou culture (6.5–5.5 ka) in the Minjiang River lower reaches, highlighting its significance in regional archaeology. Comparing the chronology of Haitan Island sites with Holocene sea-level changes at the Minjiang River mouth reveals that ancient human activity was primarily concentrated there during the high sea-level stage from 7 to 6 ka. The terrace where the Keqiutou site group is currently situated provided an optimal habitat for ancient humans, offering shelter and abundant food resources essential for survival. DA - 2025/10// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109978 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 748 SP - 109978 J2 - Quaternary International LA - en SN - 10406182 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1040618225003210 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:26:19 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Optically stimulated luminescence dating of ancient bricks from the Church of St James in Toruń, Poland AU - Pawlak, Natalia K. AU - Chruścińska, Alicja AU - Palczewski, Piotr AU - Sulkowska‐Tuszyńska, Krystyna T2 - Archaeometry AB - The Church of St James in Torun is one of Poland’s most valuable Gothic monuments. According to the inscription preserved in the presbytery, the commonly accepted date when construction began is AD 1309. However, another hypothesis can also be found in the literature stating that the first brick temple in the location of the present church was built at a much earlier time. In this study, we apply luminescence dating to more than 30 bricks to support that supposition. Our age results suggest that a brick temple was erected on a plan corresponding to the present one in the 13th century. DA - 2025/10// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1111/arcm.13069 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 67 IS - 5 SP - 1098 EP - 1117 J2 - Archaeometry LA - en SN - 0003-813X, 1475-4754 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/arcm.13069 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:26:14 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Archaeoceramic Traditions of India: Markers of Cultural Change and Continuity AU - Malapaka, Indira T2 - International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) AB - This article explores the evolution and significance of pottery and terracotta figurines in India, from the Neolithic period to the rise of early historic civilizations. It traces the craft's development from the rudimentary, handmade wares of sites like Mehrgarh (c. 7000 BCE) to the sophisticated, wheel-thrown pottery of the Indus Valley Civilization. The paper then examines three key ceramic cultures: Ochre Coloured Pottery (OCP), Painted Grey Ware (PGW), and Northern Black Polished Ware (NBPW), highlighting their role as chronological markers for the transition from the Bronze to the Iron Age and the Second Urbanization. Additionally, the article discusses the use of thermoluminescence (TL) dating to establish absolute chronologies for these archaeological cultures. It concludes by analyzing the social, religious, and artistic insights provided by terracotta figurines across different eras, including the "Mother Goddess" figures of the Indus Valley and the living tradition of terracotta art on temples in West Bengal. DA - 2025/10/14/ PY - 2025 DO - 10.21275/SR25924085646 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) SP - 612 EP - 616 J2 - IJSR LA - en SN - 23197064 ST - Archaeoceramic Traditions of India UR - https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR25924085646 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:26:12 ER - TY - JOUR TI - An archaeological record of late Holocene activity and colonial impacts in the New England Tableland, New South Wales, Australia AU - Burnett, Georgia AU - Neal, Cameron AU - Reid, Taylar AU - Mason, Joel AU - Doelman, Trudy AU - Frolich, Alex AU - Fermor, Donny AU - Talbott, Steve AU - Mayers, Warren AU - Williams, Alan N. T2 - Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports AB - Since the 1970s, the New England Tableland—an extensive geological upland in New South Wales—has seen limited archaeological investigation. We present the results of a compliance-based archaeological excavation along the upper reaches of Dungowan Creek, 55 km southeast of Tamworth, which provides further insight into late Holocene regional human activity and the impacts of colonial invasion in the mid-19th Century on Indigenous people. Investigations included 216 m2 of discrete test pits extending some 4 km along the creek’s edge, and two open area excavations (totalling 41 m2) focussing on key archaeological deposits. A total of 3,490 stone artefacts were recovered from the upper ~50 cm of sediment, deposited from ~5,500 years ago (5.5 ka) into the mid-20th Century, based on 20 optically stimulated luminescence ages. Artefact analysis indicates ongoing exploitation of regionally rare raw materials (serpentine, jasper and high-quality chalcedony) sourced from cobbles in the creek bed and used in tool-making, hunting, wood-working and regional trade. Activity peaked just prior to colonial invasion, followed by a rapid collapse in the early 19th Century corresponding with the arrival of introduced disease (e.g. smallpox) and intense frontier violence. Within ~40 years, the archaeological record clearly reflects colonial impacts that resulted in the disruption to traditional lifeways, trade networks and seasonal movement, as well as population loss. This disruption persisted into the 20th Century, driven by the establishment of missions and reserves that forcibly removed Indigenous people from their Country. Importantly, contemporary oral history reveals continued use of the valley in the mid- and late-20th Century, representing a remarkable story of resilience and cultural revival. We highlight the importance of increased archaeological focus to the early colonial period to support reconciliation and truth-telling with Indigenous communities. DA - 2025/11// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105363 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 67 SP - 105363 J2 - Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports LA - en SN - 2352409X UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2352409X25003967 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:26:10 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Contribution to the chronological study of the Dubrovnik Cathedral using optically stimulated luminescence AU - Medialdea, Alicia AU - Damiani, Suzana AU - Zeman, Maja T2 - npj Heritage Science DA - 2025/09/25/ PY - 2025 DO - 10.1038/s40494-025-01990-7 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 13 IS - 1 SP - 474 J2 - npj Herit. Sci. LA - en SN - 3059-3220 UR - https://www.nature.com/articles/s40494-025-01990-7 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:26:00 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Youngest Toba Tuff (YTT) beds as a Late Pleistocene isochron in the Indian subcontinent? New geochronological and sedimentological insights AU - Anil, Devara AU - Devi, Monika AU - Sukumaran, Prabhin AU - Lakshmi, B. V. AU - Deenadayalan, K. AU - Kumar, Sunil AU - Anoop, Ambili AU - Khan, Zakir AU - Mahesh, Vrushab AU - Jha, Gopesh AU - Ajithprasad, P. AU - Chauhan, Naveen T2 - Journal of Quaternary Science AB - The ~75 ka Young Toba super‐eruption was a catastrophic extreme event that spewed vast quantities of volcanic ash and aerosols and is argued to have caused a drastic volcanic winter, climatic upheaval, and a human genetic bottleneck. The global and regional impacts of the eruption on climate dynamics and past hominin populations are strongly contested due to conflicting global climatic records and archeological datasets. The Indian subcontinent is a key place for Toba research due to its proximity to Mt. Toba (Indonesia). Most of central and peninsular India is estimated to have been covered by a ~5 cm ash layer, with deposits found in different fluvial systems across the subcontinent. For a long time, many of these Youngest Toba Tuff (YTT) deposits, occurring in both archeological and non‐archeological contexts, were believed to be primary tephra deposits dating to ~75 ka. However, the use of YTT as a Late Pleistocene chronological marker is surrounded by many uncertainties, primarily due to the complex and varying nature of the depositional and sedimentary contexts of YTT and chronological irregularities. Recent sedimentological and geochronological data indicate that most of the YTT deposits in India are secondary deposits, resulting from later erosion and redeposition occurring thousands of years after the eruption. This highlights the unreliability of YTT as an isochron and raises questions about the credibility of paleoclimate (terrestrial and marine) and archeological datasets that use YTT as a chronological marker. Our study contributes to this debate and reveals the complex redepositional history of YTT deposits in the Indian subcontinent through geochronological and geoarchaeological analyses of YTT‐bearing sequences from Motravulapadu, Andhra Pradesh, India. Our findings suggest that the final burial of YTT occurred around 30 ka, highlighting a temporal gap of more than 40 000 years after the eruption. Notably, the redeposited tephra horizon appears visually uniform and compositionally pure, despite its secondary context, adding complexity to its stratigraphic interpretation. Our multiproxy sedimentological approach demonstrates the importance of integrating detailed stratigraphic, magnetic, granulometric, and chronological analyses to resolve such depositional ambiguities; it underscores the need for similar frameworks in future studies of YTT‐bearing sequences. We suggest that YTT in India cannot be used as a reliable chronological marker without independent age estimations of its deposition. However, it has significant potential for identifying regional geological events. © 2025 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. DA - 2025/10// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1002/jqs.70003 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 40 IS - 7 SP - 1176 EP - 1190 J2 - J Quaternary Science LA - en SN - 0267-8179, 1099-1417 ST - Youngest Toba Tuff (YTT) beds as a Late Pleistocene isochron in the Indian subcontinent? UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jqs.70003 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:25:55 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Luminescence dating of lava-baked sediments constraints on the high frequency of Holocene eruptions in the Tengchong volcanic field, southwestern China AU - Huang, Chang AU - Wang, Chunxin AU - Fan, Anchuan AU - Li, Sheng-Hua T2 - Science China Earth Sciences AB - Volcanic eruptions potentially threaten local and global environments, making it crucial to reconstruct their eruption history for risk assessments and forecasts. However, accurately dating of young (e.g., Holocene) volcanoes remains challenging. For example, K-Ar and 40Ar/39Ar dating are potentially problematic due to the long half-lives of radioisotopes, while radiocarbon dating requires organic materials. The study used optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating on quartz to accurately constrain the ages of lava-baked sediments from the Tengchong volcanic field, southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. The results show two types of quartz OSL characteristics in the initial OSL signals. The first type, dominated by the fast component, yields reliable OSL ages. In contrast, the second type, dominated by the medium component, shows a negative correlation between equivalent dose (De) and recuperation, and a decreasing trend in De over illumination time, providing the underestimated ages due to the influence of the unstable medium component. These underestimated OSL ages are corrected using the De-recuperation plot. Combining with previous chronological studies, we conclude that Tengchong volcanoes have erupted at least seven times during the Holocene, occurring at 11.6–11.1, ≤11.4–10.3, 5.9–5.7, 5.0–4.8, 3.5–2.5, 2.0 thousand years ago, and 1609 AD. Despite the current stability of the Tengchong volcanoes, frequent tectonic activities, eruptive history, and the presence of active magma chambers suggest the potential for future volcanic eruptions. DA - 2025/12// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1007/s11430-024-1687-1 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 68 IS - 12 SP - 4202 EP - 4217 J2 - Sci. China Earth Sci. LA - en SN - 1674-7313, 1869-1897 UR - https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11430-024-1687-1 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:25:53 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Geoarchaeology reveals development of terrace farming in the Northern Apennines during the Medieval Climate Anomaly AU - Brandolini, Filippo AU - Kinnaird, Tim C. AU - Srivastava, Aayush AU - Costanzo, Stefano AU - Compostella, Chiara AU - Turner, Sam T2 - Scientific Reports AB - This study employs Optically Stimulated Luminescence Profiling and Dating (OSL-PD) to address the challenge of synchronizing social changes with natural events, a significant limitation in existing studies on the resilience and vulnerability of pre-modern societies to ecological stress. By uncovering the construction dates of terrace farming systems in the northern Apennines region, the research reveals a distinct temporal framework, indicating that the establishment of agricultural terraces predominantly occurred during the 11th to 13th centuries CE. This crucial time frame aligns directly with complex socio-economic factors, including the encastellation process, alongside the climatic shifts characterising the Medieval Climate Anomaly. Isotopic fractionation of the Total Organic Carbon confirms that different agricultural choices were made in coincidence with the establishment of terrace farming. The resultant historical rural landscape underwent continuous enhancements in the centuries that followed. Notably, the main phases of (re)construction correspond to the coldest periods of the Little Ice Age, offering new insights into the historical interactions between human activities and the environment during the Late Holocene in the area. DA - 2025/07/10/ PY - 2025 DO - 10.1038/s41598-025-08396-2 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - 24989 J2 - Sci Rep LA - en SN - 2045-2322 UR - https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-08396-2 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:25:40 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Age and pedogenesis of alpine grassland soils on the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau: Insights from optical dating AU - Chen, Jingjing AU - Zong, Haoran AU - Yan, Zihan AU - Guo, Yujie AU - Zhang, Deguo AU - Yang, Xiaoping AU - He, Yuxin AU - Fu, Xiao T2 - CATENA AB - Grassland soils in alpine regions of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) constitute a crucial component of the QTP ecosystem. Understanding their formation requires accurate chronologies and insights into key pedogenic processes. This study applied multi-grain (MG) and single-grain (SG) post-infrared infrared stimulated luminescence (pIRIR) dating to alpine grassland soils around the Gonghe Basin in the northeastern (NE) QTP to gain new insights into their ages and pedogenic processes. In addition, 14C dating was performed on soil organic matter, with the resulting 14C ages compared with optical ages to evaluate their reliability for soil age determination. pIRIR dating showed that bioturbation-induced soil reworking is common in alpine grassland soils. SG pIRIR dating allows more accurate soil age estimation by effectively identifying grains associated with original deposition and pedoturbation, while 14C dating yields underestimated ages due to younger carbon contamination. We proposed an SG pIRIR-based approach that can be applied to alpine grassland soils to constrain their ages and quantify bioturbation. Combined with a synthesis of regional alpine loess and palaeosol/soil chronologies and a comparison with regional climatic records, the influence of climate on alpine soil pedogenesis and bioturbation was explored. Our results showed that pedogenesis in the studied profiles started at ~11–5 ka, following an aeolian dust aggradation pedogenic mode. The intensity of soil mixing decreases with depth, with the most intensive mixing occurring in a near-surface zone of tens of centimetres depth. Integrating SG dating results with a new conceptual model, we for the first time estimated the recent and past downward soil mixing rates and the timing of intensified bioturbation for alpine soils on the QTP. Chronological synthesis revealed that alpine soil development on the NE-QTP was most pronounced since ~6 ka. Effective moisture is a key factor that affects both soil development and bioturbation intensity in alpine grassland soils. DA - 2025/10// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.catena.2025.109217 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 258 SP - 109217 J2 - CATENA LA - en SN - 03418162 ST - Age and pedogenesis of alpine grassland soils on the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0341816225005193 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:25:38 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Western Pacific subtropical high regulated the spatiotemporal pattern of East Asian summer monsoon precipitation during the Holocene AU - Wang, Linkai AU - Yang, Junhuai AU - Gao, Fuyuan AU - Wang, Haoyu AU - Zhang, Canyi AU - Qu, Wenxi AU - Li, Jianye AU - Tang, Jinmeng AU - Liu, Xin AU - Liu, Yan AU - Zhao, Lai AU - Wang, Shuyuan AU - Wang, Youjun AU - Wang, Fei AU - Xia, Dunsheng T2 - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology AB - The precipitation delivered by the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) has significantly influenced the ecological environment, climate, and economy of China. However, the mechanisms responsible for the spatiotemporal pattern of EASM precipitation remain unclear. We present a new Holocene loess-paleosol record from the Hexi Corridor on the EASM margin. Environmental magnetic parameters (χlf, χfd, χARM/SIRM, and χfd/HIRM) indicate that precipitation was low during 14–8 ka and then increased to a maximum during 4–2 ka. Integrated with published records, our results reveal a distinct geographical gradient in the timing of the Holocene precipitation maximum: an early Holocene peak in eastern Inner Mongolia, a mid-Holocene peak in the central and eastern Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP), and a late Holocene peak in the western CLP and central Hexi Corridor. In addition to these zonal differences, we also observed a longitudinal difference in the timing of the Holocene precipitation peak, which occurred later in the southern region than in the northern region. Combined with existing paleoclimate and climate simulation results we propose that this spatial difference in the timing of the Holocene precipitation peak reflects the movement of the EASM rainfall belt related to the westward extension and northward shift of the western Pacific subtropical high. Overall, our findings provide evidence for the location of the westernmost boundary of EASM influence and offer a unified explanation for regional differences in EASM precipitation and its timing. DA - 2025/11// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.palaeo.2025.113252 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 678 SP - 113252 J2 - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology LA - en SN - 00310182 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0031018225005371 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:25:33 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The relationship between Holocene environmental evolution and human activities on the Chinese Loess Plateau inferred from an aeolian loess-paleosol profile in the Xitou Ruins AU - Li, Mengting AU - Zhang, Yuzhu AU - Zhu, Yan AU - Dou, Haifeng AU - Li, Shuheng AU - Xu, Xinwen AU - Zhou, Jinpeng AU - Jin, Yao AU - Cao, Pengpeng AU - Li, Zikun AU - Wang, Ziang AU - Wang, Jiahui AU - Akramovich, Shodmonov Anvar AU - Dong, Jibao T2 - CATENA AB - Aeolian loess-paleosol profiles are useful for studying the relationship between environmental evolution, cultural development, and human activities. An aeolian loess-paleosol profile was identified in the Xitou Ruins on the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) during extensive field investigations. We analyzed the aeolian loess-paleosol profile using sedimentology, geochemistry, soil micromorphology, environmental archaeology, and chronology methods, and compared the results with previous research findings. The characteristics of thin loess bed (Lx) in the profile indicated a cold and dry climate event that corresponded to the 5.50 ka BP event (6.00–5.00 ka BP). The early Yangshao culture appeared in the Xitou Ruins during a warm and humid period from 8.50 to 6.00 ka BP but was succeeded by the late Yangshao culture during a cold and dry period from 6.00 to 5.00 ka BP. The Longshan culture in the ruins emerged during a relatively warm and humid period from 5.00 to 3.80 ka BP. Human activity had a minimal impact on the development and properties of the soil in the Xitou Ruins before ca. 3.80 ka BP. However, a depositional hiatus in the profile from ca. 3.80 to 0.63 ka BP indicates an intensification in human activities. The anomalies in several physicochemical indicators in the modern soil layer may be influenced by the population recovery during the Little Ice Age (LIA), and a combination of warm and humid climate condition and human activities during the Current Warm Period (CWP). DA - 2025/10// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.catena.2025.109271 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 258 SP - 109271 J2 - CATENA LA - en SN - 03418162 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0341816225005739 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:25:31 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Quantitative analysis of the chromaticity of Holocene aeolian sand–palaeosol sequences and its application to palaeoclimate reconstruction across the Asian summer monsoonal boundary of northern China AU - Liu, Bing AU - Jin, Heling AU - Ge, Jianhui AU - Liang, Xiaolei AU - Liang, Aimin AU - Jin, Jianhui AU - Zhang, Caixia AU - Zhao, Hui AU - Zhao, Shuang T2 - CATENA AB - Chromaticity is the most visually striking soil attribute, especially in the dunefields of the Asian summer monsoonal boundary (ASMB) region in northern China. Here, dark palaeosol–yellow aeolian sand sequences are regarded as direct evidence of changes in regional earth surface processes and the Asian monsoon, due to the alternation of strong pedogenesis and aeolian activity during the geological past. However, the mechanisms generating the color variations of these palaeosol–aeolian sand sequences are unclear, including how the color variations of such sequences can indicate past climatic and environmental changes. To address this, we conducted qualitative and quantitative analyses of variations in various chromaticity parameters and the potential influencing factors within four typical palaeosol–aeolian sand sequences in the dunefields of the ASMB region. Relatively low values of a* and b and high values of L* occurred in the aeolian sand layers, compared to the palaeosol units. Within individual aeolian sequences, the sedimentary provenance is relatively stable and that the iron oxides content is the main control of variations in color parameters. We attribute this to an enhanced Fe oxides content caused by intensified pedogenesis under increased precipitation/moisture. A palaeoclimate reconstruction using color parameters showed that decreased L* and increased a* values in the palaeosol layers are consistent with increased quantitatively-reconstructed annual precipitation (PANN)/moisture recorded by multiple archives across the ASMB region of northern China. These observations confirm that color parameters are robust indicators for tracing past environmental changes in this region. Our approach provides a reliable methodology for quantifying the factors controlling the chromaticity of aeolian sedimentary sequences in the northern Chinese dunefields; and they also show that the Fe oxides content of aeolian sediments is directly related to variations in precipitation/moisture, and that it can be used as a semi-quantitative proxy for climate processes and dynamics. DA - 2025/11// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.catena.2025.109394 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 259 SP - 109394 J2 - CATENA LA - en SN - 03418162 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0341816225006964 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:25:29 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Pedogenesis and paleoenvironmental reconstruction in northern Iran: The loess-paleosol sequence at Baluchabad AU - Amiri, Zaniar AU - Khormali, Farhad AU - Kehl, Martin AU - Frechen, Manfred AU - Zeeden, Christian T2 - CATENA AB - Loess-paleosol sequences (LPS) in Iran hold exceptional potential to understand past climate dynamics beyond the instrumental record. This is due to their unique record of environmental change both for local and global scales, and their location at the interface of the European and Asian loess regions. This study presents the first lithological/paleopedological description of the Baluchabad LPS, providing a spatial link between loess deposits of the so-called Iranian Loess Plateau and those of the northern foothills of the Alborz Mountains. We focus on the evolution of the Baluchabad LPS, which comprises twelve distinct paleosols. Each paleosol exhibits characteristics specific for the environmental conditions prevailing during its formation. To elucidate the processes governing dust accumulation, soil formation, and the associated environmental context, we employed mineralogical and micromorphological analyses. The predominant clay minerals found in the Baluchabad section are smectite, chlorite, illite, and kaolinite. The main change observed in the mineral composition is attributed to smectite, which was inherited from the sediment source and shows elevated contents during soil-forming periods. Additionally, micromorphological features and the Micromorphological Index of Soil Development (MISECA) provide valuable tool for reconstructing paleoprecipitation. Luminescence dating results and pedostratigraphic correlation suggests that the first Bt horizon in pedocomplex 1 correlates with Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5. Consequently, the second and third pedocomplexes may be associated with MIS 7 and MIS 9. DA - 2025/06// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.catena.2025.108835 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 253 SP - 108835 J2 - CATENA LA - en SN - 03418162 ST - Pedogenesis and paleoenvironmental reconstruction in northern Iran UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0341816225001377 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:25:26 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Palaeoclimate Dynamics in Kashmir Valley: Loess Palaeosols and shifts in Mineral Magnetism during MIS 3 AU - Ali, Asif AU - Achyuthan, Hema AU - Sangode, S. J. AU - Jaiswal, M. AU - Shah, Rayees Ahmad T2 - Journal Of The Geological Society Of India AB - Loess-palaeosols in the Kashmir Valley reveal 200 ka of climatic changes. This study analyses loess and loess palaeosols from three lithosections, focusing on Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3; 60 - 25 ka). OSL dating places them between 54.2±2.1 ka and 30.9±1.1 ka. Mineral magnetism indicates shifts in iron oxide types linked to precipitation and Fe-Mn oxide transformation. Geochemical data show that MIS 3 began with warm, dry conditions and transitioned to colder, wetter periods with weaker weathering and pedogenesis. The valley experienced alternating cold-dry and cold-wet phases within long warm-dry intervals. Mineral magnetic data and clay mineralogy confirm these transitions, highlighting the region’s dynamic climate history. DA - 2025/06/01/ PY - 2025 DO - 10.17491/jgsi/2025/174193 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 101 IS - 6 SP - 968 EP - 973 LA - en SN - 0974-6889, 0016-7622 ST - Palaeoclimate Dynamics in Kashmir Valley UR - https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/jour-geosocindia/article/101/6/968/654805/Palaeoclimate-Dynamics-in-Kashmir-Valley-Loess Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:25:24 ER - TY - JOUR TI - New luminescence chronology of a loess-paleosol sequence at Jinchuan and its implications for aeolian deposition processes in the Tibetan Plateau AU - Yang, Shengli AU - Liu, Li AU - Li, Dongxue AU - Li, Rui AU - Liu, Weiming AU - Luo, Yuanlong AU - Li, Pushuang AU - Zan, Jinbo AU - Fang, Xiaomin T2 - Geomorphology AB - Aeolian loess deposits in the Tibetan Plateau (TP) are critical archives for documenting the plateau's aridification and past environmental changes. However, the lack of detailed chronological control over the TP loess sequences has hindered a more comprehensive understanding of aeolian processes, the TP's arid history, and its response to global climate change. This study investigates a well-preserved loess-paleosol sequence at Jinchuan in the eastern TP, employing single-aliquot regenerative-dose (SAR) optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and post-infrared infrared stimulated luminescence (pIRIR) protocols to establish a robust chronology and elucidate the dust history and development of loess landscapes in the TP. Our results demonstrate that quartz SAR OSL dating provides reliable ages up to ~50 ka, while the pIR200IR290 protocol extends age control to ~160 ka for the Jinchuan loess sequence. The newly established numerical chronology for the Jinchuan loess, spanning the Last Interglacial, reveals significant glacial-interglacial fluctuations in dust activity, characterized by increased dust accumulation during glacial periods and decreased accumulation during interglacial periods on the TP. By integrating OSL ages, extrapolated dust accumulation rates, identified S1–S5 paleosols, and correlations between magnetic susceptibility curves and marine isotope stage records, we estimate the basal age of the MC loesspaleosol sequence to exceed approximately 620 ka. This suggests that an arid environment and extensive aeolian loess landscapes have developed on the TP since the mid-Pleistocene. Global climate change has served as the primary driver in shaping the geomorphic development and dust accumulation history of this region. DA - 2025/06// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.109730 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 478 SP - 109730 J2 - Geomorphology LA - en SN - 0169555X UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0169555X25001400 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:25:21 ER - TY - JOUR TI - MIS 3 climate transitions revealed by high-resolution loess records from the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau AU - Wei, Xiaotong AU - Jiang, Hanchao AU - Bai, Youliang AU - Shi, Wei AU - Xu, Hongyan AU - Ma, Xiaolin AU - Zhong, Ning AU - Li, Shenglin AU - Yin, Qiuzhen T2 - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology AB - Humans evolved rapidly and significantly between 60 and 20 ka, placing unprecedented demands on detailed climate evolution during the marine isotope stage (MIS) 3 period. In this study, a high-resolution loess record from the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau revealed that the climate was optimal in 62–43.5 ka, relatively stable in 43.5–34 ka, and continuously cooled in 34–20 ka. Such a three-stage pattern can be well correlated with changes in the temperature and CO2 content in Antarctica, climate evolution in Europe, and advances in the Laurentide Ice Sheet. The climate transition at 43.5 ka was closely related to the declining boreal summer insolation, CO2 content, temperature, and sea level, whereas the climate transition at 34 ka corresponded to a decrease in the CO2 concentration and development of polar ice sheets. These results are of great scientific significance because they provide insights into MIS 3 climate transitions and human migration. DA - 2025/06// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.palaeo.2025.112874 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 667 SP - 112874 J2 - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology LA - en SN - 00310182 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0031018225001592 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:25:18 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Luminescence dating and the sedimentary pattern of loess on the Tibetan Plateau AU - Chang, Qiufang AU - Miao, Xiaodong AU - Xie, Xingjun AU - Lai, Zhongping T2 - Aeolian Research AB - Aeolian sediments in the Tibetan Plateau are important records for climate change and atmospheric circulation. Previous studies suggested that the interior Tibetan loess accumulated mostly in the Holocene (<11.7 ka) marked by warming and wetting climate with an increased vegetation cover, thereby facilitating dust entrapment, and that this Tibetan dust accumulation model is different from that of the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP). In longer time scales (>11.7 ka), did Tibetan loess deposited in warm/wet period as well? To answer this question, we presented 23 loess luminescence ages from five aeolian deposit profiles in the central Tibetan Plateau covering a large area. The results demonstrate loess deposition at around 30 ka and 75 ka, corresponding to warm and wet marine isotope stage (MIS) 3 and 5. In contrast, in the MIS 2 and 4, little to no loess was detected. Thus, we conclude that Tibetan loess accumulated mainly during warm/wet periods in the orbital time scale, and vegetation cover played a key role on loess accumulation and subsequent ecological system. This study sheds light on the Tibetan Plateau dust and loess research, and further provides basic scientific data for comprehensive understanding of the TP ecosystem for sustainable development. DA - 2025/12// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100994 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 74 SP - 100994 J2 - Aeolian Research LA - en SN - 18759637 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1875963725000357 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:25:16 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Evolution of fire activity in arid Central Asia since ∼12.9 ka: Transitioning from natural to anthropogenic forces AU - Zhang, Wensheng AU - Ding, Guoqiang AU - Zhang, Yong AU - Li, Yuecong AU - Li, Bing AU - Lu, Chao AU - Tan, Bo AU - Sun, Aijun AU - Fu, Yang AU - An, Chengbang T2 - CATENA AB - Fire activity plays a crucial role in carbon emissions and climate change worldwide. Investigating the long-term history and driving mechanisms of fire activity can provide a scientific foundation for future fire management policies. Fragile ecosystems in arid Central Asia (ACA) are significantly affected by fire activity, and more regional fires are occurring against the backdrop of global warming. However, owing to the absence of long-term sedimentary records, knowledge of fire activity history and potential driving factors in ACA remains limited. Therefore, in this study, we analyze loess-paleosol sediments from the central Tianshan Mountains, using black carbon (BC) and charcoal influx indicators to investigate the evolution of fire activity since ~12.9 ka (1 ka = 1000 cal yr BP). Furthermore, by integrating data on climate, vegetation, and human activities, we explore the interactions between fire activity, climate, vegetation, and human activities. The results indicate that since ~12.9 ka, the influxes of BC and charcoal have steadily increased, reflecting a corresponding rise in fire activity in the study area, which peaked after ~1 ka. Between ~12.9 and 1 ka, fire activity was primarily driven by biomass (fuel) availability, which was influenced by westerly strength (precipitation/humidity). As precipitation and humidity increased, the contraction of desert vegetation communities and the significant expansion of steppe vegetation communities promoted the accumulation of biomass (fuel), ultimately leading to increased fire activity. Additionally, temperature has also played a significant role in the occurrence of fire activity. However, since ~1 ka, with the substantial increase in anthropogenic pollen, regional population, and agricultural and pastoral activities, fire activity has become decoupled from its relationship with biomass (fuel) controlled by precipitation/humidity. Human activities may have become the dominant driver of fire activity. DA - 2025/09// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.catena.2025.109213 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 257 SP - 109213 J2 - CATENA LA - en SN - 03418162 ST - Evolution of fire activity in arid Central Asia since ∼12.9 ka UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0341816225005156 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:25:11 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Provenance of Wushan Loess in the Yangtze Three Gorges Region: Insights from Detrital Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Late Pleistocene East Asian Monsoon Variations AU - Hu, Xulong AU - Zhang, Yufen AU - Li, Chang’an AU - Li, Guoqing AU - Liu, Juxiang AU - Li, Yawei AU - Su, Jianchao AU - Jia, Mingming T2 - Minerals AB - The Wushan Loess, situated in the Yangtze Three Gorges region of China, represents the southernmost aeolian loess deposit in China and provides critical insights into Late Pleistocene paleoenvironmental conditions and East Asian monsoon dynamics. Despite its significance, the genesis and provenance of this unique loess deposit remain controversial. This study employs an integrated multi-proxy approach combining detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology, optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating, and detailed grain size analysis to systematically investigate the provenance and depositional mechanisms of the Wushan Loess. Three representative loess–paleosol profiles (Gaotang-GT, Badong-BD, and Zigui-ZG) were analyzed, yielding 17 OSL ages, 729 grain size measurements, and approximately 420 analyses per profile were conducted, yielding 1189 valid ages (GT 406, BD 391, ZG 402). OSL chronology constrains the deposition period to 18–103 ka (Marine Isotope Stages 2–5), coinciding with enhanced East Asian winter monsoon activity during the Last Glacial period. Grain size analysis reveals a dominant silt fraction (modal size: 20–25 µm) characteristic of aeolian transport, with coarse silt (20–63 µm) averaging 47.1% and fine silt (<20 µm) averaging 44.2% of the sediments. Detrital zircon U-Pb age spectra exhibit consistent major peaks at 200–220 Ma, 450–500 Ma, 720–780 Ma, and 1800–1850 Ma across all profiles. Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) and Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) analyses indicate a mixed provenance model. Non-negative least squares (NNLS) unmixing confirms this quantitative source apportionment., dominated by proximal contributions from the upper Yangtze River basin (including the Three Gorges area and Sichuan Basin, ~65%–70%), supplemented by distal dust input from the Loess Plateau and northern Chinese deserts (~30%–35%). This study establishes for the first time a proximal-dominated provenance model for the Wushan Loess, providing new evidence for understanding southern Chinese loess formation mechanisms and Late Pleistocene East Asian monsoon evolution. DA - 2025/11/09/ PY - 2025 DO - 10.3390/min15111180 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 15 IS - 11 SP - 1180 J2 - Minerals LA - en SN - 2075-163X ST - Provenance of Wushan Loess in the Yangtze Three Gorges Region UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/15/11/1180 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:25:04 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Timing of mega-lakes in the central-southern Tibetan Plateau constrained by K-feldspar single-grain pIRIR dating of paleo-shorelines AU - Zhao, Hui AU - Zhang, Shuai AU - Sheng, Yongwei AU - Yang, Zhiyong AU - Wang, Keqi AU - Chen, Fahu T2 - Global and Planetary Change AB - Lake evolution in the Tibetan Plateau (TP) during the late Quaternary exhibits pronounced spatiotemporal complexity, manifested by mega-lake formations during MIS 5 in the northeastern TP (NETP) versus MIS 3 and early Holocene lake high-stands in the central-southern TP (CSTP). While quartz optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) remains the most widely used dating method for reconstructing paleolake levels across the TP, its reliability at specific lakes has recently been questioned due to the high contribution of medium component and low sensitivity and stability, prompting a critical re-evaluation of paleolake chronologies. Here, we determined the ages of thirteen mega-lakes in the CSTP by dating the highest (or near-highest) paleo-shorelines using both quartz single-aliquot OSL and K-feldspar single-grain (SG) post-infrared infrared stimulated luminescence (pIRIR) techniques. Dimensions and water storage changes of these mega-lakes were reconstructed. Our results indicate that quartz OSL signals exhibit thermal instability, resulting in age underestimations, particularly for samples older than ~40 ka, potentially explaining previous MIS 3-restricted paleolake chronologies. By contrast, K-feldspar SG-pIRIR dating provided robust age constraints, revealing that the mega-lakes primarily formed during the last deglaciation-early Holocene (17–15 ka and 12–7 ka), while a subset of lakes record MIS 5 megalake phases (106.7–97.6 ka and ~ 70 ka). We hypothesize that enhanced Indian summer monsoon intensity coupled with increased glacial meltwater drove mega-lake formations during MIS 5 and the early Holocene, whereas the last deglacial mega-lakes may reflect meltwater flux variations. DA - 2025/11// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104989 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 254 SP - 104989 J2 - Global and Planetary Change LA - en SN - 09218181 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S092181812500298X Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:25:02 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The genesis, evolution, and geomorphological significance of the Kangkong Paleolake in the PhungQu Basin of southern Tibet AU - Zhao, Huimin AU - Liu, Weiming AU - Li, Xuemei AU - Yang, Anna AU - Zhou, Liqin AU - Zhou, Yanlian AU - Yang, Shengli T2 - Geomorphology AB - The southern Tibetan Plateau has nurtured numerous paleolakes. The formation and evolution of these paleolakes are intricately linked to factors such as tectonic activity, climatic fluctuations, and surface processes. Investigating paleolakes sheds light on the impact of tectonic activity and climate change on paleolakes in the southern Tibetan Plateau, as well as the influence of paleolake formation and outburst on geomorphology. This study conducts sedimentological and chronological analyses of the Kangkong Paleolake in the PhungQu Basin, revealing that the lake formed at least 42.6 ± 3.9 ka, most likely caused by moraines blocking the PhungQu under the combined influence of tectonic movements and climate change. Furthermore, the evolutionary history of the Kangkong Paleolake was reconstructed, indicating that the lake persisted for at least 38 ka and experienced two outburst events, approximately 15.9 ± 1.3 and 3.9 ± 0.5 ka. The combined effects of significant movements along the Kharta normal fault and climate change likely influenced glacier expansion and melting, thereby affecting the stability of the glacial dam and ultimately leading to the formation and outburst of the lake. Spatial comparisons of river longitudinal profiles, dam, and geomorphic parameters have revealed that the formation of the Kangkong Paleolake resulted in a distinct convexity in the river profile at the moraine dam site. The upstream channel continuously widened while the downstream channel deepened. Local areas experienced uplift due to isostatic rebound, creating steep terrain. These findings further demonstrate that damming events have significantly altered the geomorphology of the PhungQu basin while stabilizing the steep topography along the southern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. This study provides direct evidence of damming events in the PhungQu basin and confirms that the PhungQu had already connected with the Arun River before the formation of the paleolake. DA - 2025/11// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.109964 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 488 SP - 109964 J2 - Geomorphology LA - en SN - 0169555X UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0169555X25003745 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:25:00 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Co-evolution of palaeolakes in the Hetao Basin and the Yellow River over the last 500 ka AU - Zhao, Yuqi AU - Fan, Niannian AU - An, Yu AU - Nie, Junsheng AU - Abell, Jordan T. AU - Jin, Zhangdong AU - Wang, Chengshan AU - Nie, Ruihua AU - Liu, Xingnian T2 - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology AB - The fluvial-lacustrine and aeolian deposits in the Hetao Basin provide a record of regional palaeo-environment changes that can be useful for constraining the evolution of the palaeo-Yellow River. Here, we provide a new chronology for middle Pleistocene through Holocene sedimentary sequences in the Hetao Basin. Combined with new micropaleontological results and previous geochemical and biological data, this framework reconstructs the hydro-geological evolution of the Hetao Basin over the last 500 ka. Based on the available field data and water balance modeling, we suggest that the palaeolakes in the Hetao Basin developed at least ~450 ka ago, and subsequently expanded and contracted during interglacial and glacial intervals, respectively. The peak palaeolake area may have reached 34,000 km2, covering most of the Hetao Basin, and would have been predominantly fed by the Yellow River. However, at ~128 ka, the lake overflowed due to a significant wetter and warmer climate, and afterwards the Yellow River became reintegrated, flowing out of the Hetao Basin, likely along a near-modern pathway. During this process, the palaeolake area shrunk by about 85 % and only remained in the western part of the Hetao Basin. This smaller palaeolake was still fed by a branch of the Yellow River until about 5 ka. Our results better constrain the late Quaternary hydro-geological history of palaeolakes in the Hetao Basin on glacial-interglacial timescales. These findings are not only important for reconstructing the evolution of the palaeo-Yellow River, but also for understanding regional aeolian dynamics and hydraulic erosion processes in the Chinese Loess Plateau. DA - 2025/09// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.palaeo.2025.113038 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 674 SP - 113038 J2 - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology LA - en SN - 00310182 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0031018225003232 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:24:44 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The westerlies-monsoon interaction shaped asymmetric lake expansions over the Tibetan Plateau in warming periods AU - Long, Hao AU - Zhang, Jingran AU - Zhang, Shuai AU - Hou, Yandong AU - Wu, Yubin AU - Yang, Na AU - Zhang, Can AU - Cheng, Liangqing AU - Zhao, Zhijun AU - Cheng, Jun AU - Shen, Ji T2 - Science Bulletin AB - Modelling studies and recent observations suggest that the westerlies-monsoon interactions (WMI) have led to a spatial imbalance in lake expansions across the Tibetan Plateau (TP) during the past decades under anthropogenic warming. However, whether such imbalance reﬂects a short-term phenomenon or a long-term climatic trend remains unclear. Here, we present a 240,000-year lake level reconstruction from the inner TP to examine the extent to which WMI also operated for previous interglacials, natural warm regimes with large-scale climatic boundary changes. Results suggest pronounced lake expansions accompanied by enhanced rainfall during the recent three interglacials, marine isotope stage (MIS) 7, 5, and 1, notably with varying amplitudes of ‘‘V” shape (MIS 5 < MIS 7 or MIS 1). This lake expansion pattern is coherent with North Hemisphere ice volume (NHIV) variations among these interglacials. Model simulation further suggests more NHIV may impact WMI by modulating westerlies’ position, causing rainfall increase and lake expansion over the inner TP relative to its marginal areas. Our ﬁndings conﬁrm that the projected importance of WMI to drive the spatial heterogeneity of hydroclimate changes has been maintained during the past natural warm periods. We thus predict that the climate warming and NHIV decreasing will further amplify the spatial imbalance of lake expansions across the TP, with more pronounced lake expansions in the north relative to the south. DA - 2025/10// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.scib.2025.07.023 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 70 IS - 19 SP - 3245 EP - 3254 J2 - Science Bulletin LA - en SN - 20959273 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2095927325007431 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:24:41 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Geoarchaeological research on site formation process, paleoenvironment, and human behaviors in the early Holocene of the Gobi Desert, Mongolia AU - Michalec, Grzegorz AU - Sikora, Rafał AU - Winiarska-Kabacińska, Małgorzata AU - Odsuren, Davaakhuu AU - Wójcik, Antoni AU - Moska, Piotr AU - Szmit, Marcin AU - Bazargur, Dashzeveg AU - Bobrowski, Przemysław AU - Jórdeczka, Maciej AU - Szykulski, Józef AU - Muntowski, Patryk AU - Gałaś, Andrzej AU - Gunchinsuren, Byambaa AU - Masojć, Mirosław T2 - PLOS One A2 - Groman-Yaroslavski, Iris AB - This paper presents a rare example of the multi-proxy investigation results on the prehistoric settlement from vast areas of the Mongolian Gobi Desert, where, during favorable climatic conditions, postglacial hunter-gatherer groups occupied a seasonal lake district. The geoarchaeological research conducted at site FV92, located at the Luulityn Toirom Paleolake, provides insight into the problem of human relations with the changing environment of the Early Holocene, as well as the problem of the site formation process in the Gobi area. Sedimentological studies and luminescence dating of the Luulityn Toirom Lake sediments indicate the presence of the lake and favorable environmental conditions for human settlement in the Early Holocene in the period before 8130 ± 83 BP. Spatial analyses of the artifact distribution, as well as refitting studies of the discovered lithic assemblage, enabled the determination of the site’s formation process. Initially, the site was influenced by fluvial processes, but as the climate dried, it was subsequently affected by aeolian processes. The techno-typological analysis, refitting studies, and microscopic analyses carried out provide the first such detailed insight into the technological behavior and identification of the chaîne opératoire used by the Early Holocene hunter-gatherer communities of the Gobi area. The results confirmed that the lithic technology was mainly based on microblade technology. Microscopic analyses of traces created during tool use indicate butchery activity and the use of plant resources. The studies indicate a high degree of mobility of hunter-gatherer communities living by the lakes, as evidenced by the medium-range transport of raw material brought to the campsite from the surrounding mountainous Altai area. DA - 2025/09/02/ PY - 2025 DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0330209 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 20 IS - 9 SP - e0330209 J2 - PLoS One LA - en SN - 1932-6203 UR - https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0330209 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:24:39 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The northward expansion of the Tibetan Plateau: Topographic evidence from the Bogda Mts. – southern Junggar Basin coupling system, northwest China AU - Duan, Mengyue AU - Neubauer, Franz AU - Robl, Jörg AU - Zhou, Xiaohu AU - Argentin, Anne-Laure AU - Liebl, Moritz AU - Dong, Yunpeng AU - Shi, Xiaohui AU - Zhang, San AU - Peng, Heng T2 - Quaternary Science Reviews AB - The northward propagation of the Tibetan Plateau has led to the orthogonal N–S shortening in northwestern China, which influenced the topographic formation of the E–W trending Bogda Mountains–southern Junggar Basin coupling system. In this study, we focus on the landscape formation of this coupling system and investigate the effect of the propagating deformation in the periphery of the India-Asia collision zone using topographic analysis and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of river terraces. Together, the results of the topographic analysis show that the normalized steepness index (ksn) value and the scale of knickpoints decrease from west to east, and there is no significant difference in χ values between two sides of the Bogda Mts. Compiled low-temperature thermochronological data for the Bogda Mts. shows a younging trend from west to east, suggesting that the uplift of the western Bogda Mts. began earlier. The OSL dating for the Dalongkou river terraces, on the northern slope of the Bogda Mts. resulted in ages of the T2, T3, T4 river terraces of 6.2 ± 1.3 ka, 13.1 ± 1.7 ka, and 14.2 ± 2.5 ka, respectively. The incision rate of the Dalongkou River increases upstream from about 1.22 mm/yr near to the southern Junggar Basin, to about 2.1 mm/yr, and to approximately 6.33 mm/yr at the base of Bogda Mts. and reveals an upstream increasing uplift rate. Based on these new data, we propose a model of ongoing late Quaternary folding leading to the upbending of central Bogda Mts., with an inflection point of the fold close to the southern Junggar Basin. Combined with the geomorphological comparison with the eastern North Tianshan landscape, we conclude that the lateral intensity of the tectonic uplift from the North Tianshan to Bogda Mts. has gradually weakened, and the uplift of Bogda Mts. has gradually accelerated since the Quaternary and is controlled by N–S orthogonal shortening caused by the India-Asia collision. DA - 2025/08// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109402 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 362 SP - 109402 J2 - Quaternary Science Reviews LA - en SN - 02773791 ST - The northward expansion of the Tibetan Plateau UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0277379125002227 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:24:35 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Sedimentary response to glacial‐interglacial cycles in an alluvial fan at the marginal East Asian monsoon zone, northern China AU - Feng, Shuangqi AU - Tan, Chengpeng AU - Plink‐Björklund, Piret AU - Shan, Xin AU - Li, Shunli AU - Li, Shengli AU - Yu, Xinghe AU - Chen, Liang AU - Ji, Hancheng T2 - Sedimentology AB - The rapidly accumulating alluvial fans are important archives of tectonic and climatic processes. However, deciphering how alluvial fans respond to orbital-scale climate ﬂuctuations remains unclear. While some alluvial fans exhibit a distinct response to glacial-interglacial cycles, others do not. This detailed outcrop study of the late Quaternary Bantanzi alluvial fan in the Daihai Lake Basin, northern China, reveals two stratigraphic intervals with distinct facies, where a lower stratigraphic succession is dominated by debris ﬂow deposits and palaeosols and a higher stratigraphic unit by ﬂashﬂood deposits and loess. Physical correlations to well-dated successions on the Chinese Loess Plateau provide a chronological framework. The palaeosols and the elevated values in magnetic susceptibility of the debris ﬂow-dominated interval, dated 88.1 to 73.4 ka (the last interglacial period MIS5, 130 to 70 ka), indicate a climate with intense seasonal monsoon rainfall, which facilitated chemical weathering and saturation of clay-rich sediments on hillslopes triggering debris ﬂows. The wind-blown loess deposits together with regional data in the ﬂash ﬂood-dominated interval, dated 58.5 to 22.1 ka (the last glacial period MIS 2 to 4, 70 to 14 ka), indicate an arid climate with highly intermittent and short-duration rainfall. Such rainfall conditions tend to promote rapid run-off and generate ﬂash ﬂoods, as well as hinder hillslope saturation and chemical weathering resulting in a regolith with higher permeability and erodibility, hindering high pore pressures from building up and promoting erosion by run-off. These distinct climatic conditions between interglacial and glacial periods were controlled by the latitudinal shift of the margin of the East Asian Monsoon. The Bantanzi fan’s position at this climatic boundary, coupled with its small size, made it highly sensitive to glacial-interglacial cycles. Comparison with other fan systems suggests that the position of alluvial fans at distinct climate boundaries, rather than within the climate zones, is an important control on their sensitivity to climate changes and their potential as climate-change archives. DA - 2025/08// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1111/sed.70006 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 72 IS - 5 SP - 1375 EP - 1401 J2 - Sedimentology LA - en SN - 0037-0746, 1365-3091 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/sed.70006 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:24:28 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Reconstructing the magnitudes of Holocene extraordinary floods in the upper Huai River, China AU - Shang, Lijun AU - Zha, Xiaochun AU - Huang, Chunchang AU - Zhou, Yali AU - Pang, Jiangli AU - Li, Yuqin AU - Wang, Zhaoduo T2 - Quaternary Science Reviews AB - Palaeoflood natural archives provide vital insights for reconstructing extraordinary flood magnitudes and understanding climate change. Palaeohydrological investigations were conducted in the upper Huai River, North China Plain. A Holocene loess-paleosol sedimentary profile containing six palaeoflood slackwater deposits (SWD, SWD6–SWD1) was identified in the Luzhuang reach of the upper Huai River, where the Maoji River (a tributary of the Huai River) enters the Huai River. Sediment samples were collected for physicochemical analysis and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating, respectively. The results revealed that the sedimentary accumulation consists of modern soil (MS), paleosol (S0), aeolian loess (L0), and transitional loess (Lt) sediments were predominantly silt (>50 %), whereas SWDs were mainly sand (>60 %). Geochemically, the elemental composition of SWDs was similar to that of MS, S0, and L0 sediments, but distinct from Lt. The MS, L0, S0, and Lt sediments demonstrated moderate weathering that was more pronounced than that of SWDs. Using OSL dating and stratigraphic chronological frameworks, six extraordinary palaeoflood events have been identified in the Luzhuang reach of the upper Huai River since approximately 8.5 ka in the Holocene. The palaeoflood magnitudes were reconstructed using the HEC-RAS hydraulic model, with six reconstructed palaeoflood peak discharges ranging from 9260 to 17,810 m3/s. Moreover, the sensitivity of the peak discharge calculated using the HEC-RAS model to the roughness coefficient was low, with a relative error of only 8.7 %–2.9 %. These extraordinary palaeoflood events corresponded to periods of climate change and instability, closely related to the El Ni˜noSouthern Oscillation (ENSO). This study provides valuable insights into the effects of global change on regional hydrological systems. DA - 2025/07// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109371 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 359 SP - 109371 J2 - Quaternary Science Reviews LA - en SN - 02773791 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S027737912500191X Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:24:26 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Paleolakes in the lower Yellow River plain since the last deglaciation: age, distribution, and mechanism AU - Tian, Ruonan AU - Yan, Bingpeng AU - He, Chengguang AU - Yuan, Weitao AU - Lin, Penghui AU - Song, Yingjin AU - Liu, Bohui AU - Liu, Yuexin AU - Miao, Xiaodong AU - Lai, Zhongping T2 - CATENA AB - Lakes act as sensitive indicators that significantly enhance our understanding of regional responses to geomorphic changes and climate fluctuations. Although there are several studies on paleolakes in the lower Yellow River (LYR) plain, most have focused on individual or localized lake systems. As a result, there remains a lack of comprehensive chronological data for the entire region, limiting our understanding of the lake evolution in the LYR plain. This study utilized both optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and radiocarbon (14C) dating on samples from three cores (HC5, NC2, and JNZK1) in the LYR plain to determine their chronology. Grain size, chroma, and magnetic susceptibility were used to characterize the sedimentary facies. The upper lacustrine layers of all three cores formed in 4.9–2.4 ka. Through cross-validation with a probability density function (PDF) of 100 collected lacustrine ages, we constrained the termination timing of the lower lacustrine layer in our cores to ~9.3–6.3 ka. These new results, together with the PDF analysis, suggested an initial phase of occasional lake formation during 20–12 ka, followed by the first widespread lacustrine development during 12–6 ka (peaking at 9–6 ka). This was interrupted by a phase of contraction around 6–5 ka, and then a second phase of widespread lake expansion in 5–3 ka. After 3 ka, lake systems generally retreated. Stratigraphic correlation further reflected the alternating dominance of lacustrine and fluvial processes in the LYR plain. By comparing our results with records of precipitation, temperature, and sea-level change, as well as stratigraphic correlations, we highlighted the key roles of climate fluctuations, river channel migration, and sea-level rise in shaping lacustrine evolution. Overall, this study provides new insights into the timing and driving mechanisms of paleolake development, contributing to a deeper understanding of Holocene geomorphic changes in the region. DA - 2025/11// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.catena.2025.109315 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 259 SP - 109315 J2 - CATENA LA - en SN - 03418162 ST - Paleolakes in the lower Yellow River plain since the last deglaciation UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0341816225006174 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:24:24 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Luminescence Dating of Holocene Fluvial Sediments from the Daluze Area in the North China Plain AU - Liu, Zhe AU - Yang, Jinsong AU - Zhao, Hua AU - Song, Lei AU - Wang, Chengmin T2 - Water AB - Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating is an important method for determining the ages of late Quaternary sediments. However, partial bleaching of quartz in fluvial sediments remains a challenge, with debates on grain-size effects in different sedimentary environments. The aim of this paper is to explore the bleaching degree and its influencing factors of different grain-size quartz in fluvial sediments from the Yanchi section in the Daluze area, North China Plain. According to sedimentological methods and grain size analysis, lacustrine and fluvial layers were identified, and the ages of sediments were determined by OSL and 14C methods. The key findings are as follows: (1) Fine-grained quartz can be better bleached than coarse/medium-grained quartz for early–middle Holocene fluvial sediments. (2) The OSL method can yield reliable ages for early–middle Holocene fluvial sediments, while it overestimates these for late Holocene fluvial sediments. This probably results from variations in sediment sources and hydrodynamic conditions. (3) The dating results show that there are three fluvial activity periods in the Daluze area: 10.8~10.2 ka, 5.3~4.7 ka, and after 1 ka. This paper provides a reliable chronological framework for the evolution of regional sedimentary environments and offers references for luminescence dating of fluvial sediments in similar environments. DA - 2025/06/28/ PY - 2025 DO - 10.3390/w17131942 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 17 IS - 13 SP - 1942 J2 - Water LA - en SN - 2073-4441 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/17/13/1942 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:24:21 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Luminescence dating of alluvial sediments from the Quaternary fan–terrace sequence of the lower Bruche valley, Upper Rhine Graben, France AU - Marik, Madhurima AU - Serra, Elena AU - Rixhon, Gilles AU - Preusser, Frank T2 - E&G Quaternary Science Journal AB - Geochronological constraints on ﬂuvial terraces provide valuable insights into channel migration and adjustment involved within actively meandering river systems. However, numerical age estimation of ﬂuvial deposits using luminescence dating is often challenged by inherent methodological limitations. Pre-depositional partial bleaching of grains can lead to overestimation, while anomalous fading in feldspar grains often results in underestimation of the luminescence ages. The current study applies both optically stimulated luminescence and multi-elevated temperature post-infrared infrared stimulated luminescence dating to ﬁne sand and sandy matrix deposits collected from three distinct ﬂuvial terrace levels across the lower reach of the Bruche River, in the Upper Rhine Graben (URG, north-eastern France). To evaluate the extent of partial bleaching, modern alluvial sand from the active riverbed is analysed for residual luminescence signals. Additionally, fading rates are measured, and quartz and feldspar ages are compared to evaluate the effectiveness of the applied measurement protocol in targeting signals less susceptible to fading. Overall, our study provides (i) a methodological focus, highlighting the effect of partial bleaching and fading on age estimation, and (ii) new insights into landscape evolution of the lower Bruche valley through numerical dating of the terrace deposits. The luminescence ages of the three ﬂuvial terraces reveal distinct periods of aggradation in the URG. The uppermost sequences of the youngest (i.e. lowest) and middle terraces were deposited during the Younger Dryas (∼ 12–14 ka) and Marine Isotope Stage 3 (∼ 27–35 ka), respectively, while the oldest (i.e. highest) alluvial terrace has a minimum age of ∼ 200 ka. DA - 2025/10/17/ PY - 2025 DO - 10.5194/egqsj-74-169-2025 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 74 IS - 2 SP - 169 EP - 192 J2 - E&G Quaternary Sci. J. LA - en SN - 2199-9090 UR - https://egqsj.copernicus.org/articles/74/169/2025/ Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:24:19 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Late Quaternary architecture of the lower Vychegda valley, northern European Russia: Insights into landscape dynamics at the eastern margin of the last Scandinavian ice sheet AU - Panin, Andrei AU - Zaretskaya, Natalia AU - Baranov, Dmitrii AU - Utkina, Anna AU - Kurbanov, Redzhep T2 - Earth Surface Processes and Landforms AB - The Vychegda River valley, a tributary of the Severnaya Dvina, has been studied for over a century in the context of reconstructing the extent of the last glaciation and its impact on the surrounding landscapes. Flowing westward toward the former ice margin, the Vychegda River has led many researchers to hypothesize the repeated formation of ice-dammed lakes that may have spread across the valley and overflowed into the neighbouring Kama River basin. Some have also proposed that the tongue of the last ice sheet penetrated into the lower Vychegda valley. DA - 2025/11// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1002/esp.70202 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 50 IS - 14 SP - e70202 J2 - Earth Surf Processes Landf LA - en SN - 0197-9337, 1096-9837 ST - Late Quaternary architecture of the lower Vychegda valley, northern European Russia UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/esp.70202 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:24:15 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Late Pleistocene megalake system in the Yinchuan-Hetao rifting basins, upper reaches of the Yellow River AU - Liu, Xiaobo AU - Quan, Cheng AU - Liu, Zhonghui AU - Li, Rongxi T2 - Quaternary Science Reviews AB - Lacustrine paleoenvironment reconstructions integrating geomorphic and sedimentary archives yield critical insights into hydrologic variability across basins. The Yinchuan Basin (YCB) and Hetao Basin (HTB), large active rifting basins along the upper reaches of the Yellow River, are connected by the Wuhai broad valley (WBV). While the HTB was once occupied by "Megalake Hetao" (HTML) during the period from ~100 ka to 60–50 ka, the coeval lacustrine histories of the YCB and WBV remain unclear. This study combines field investigations, optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating, and grain-size distribution (GSD) analyses to reconstruct the late Pleistocene paleoenvironmental conditions in the YCB and WBV. Our results reveal that lacustrine deposits in the WBV and YCB record two distinct phases of high lake levels during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5–4. Rising lake levels in the YCB, HTB, and WBV coalesced to form a unified water body, designated as Megalake YinchuanHetao. The first lake rise developed between ~100 ka and 73 ka (MIS 5), facilitated by sustained low subsidence rates of basins coupled with elevated precipitation. An ephemeral lake-level drop at ~73 ka exhibited temporal correlation with regional paleoseismic activity, potentially triggering dam breaching and lake-level drop. The second lake rise, spanning ~73–67 ka (MIS 4), manifested under cooler climatic conditions, characterized by elevated sediment influx and contracted accommodation space of basins associated with persistent tectonic quiescence, ultimately culminating in lake spillover and drainage of lakes. These findings enhance our understanding of the broader hydrology and the evolutionary paleogeography of the upper reaches of the Yellow River, providing a case study on the tectonic and climatic factors that influenced paleolake formation within rifting basins in modern arid settings. DA - 2025/10// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109473 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 365 SP - 109473 J2 - Quaternary Science Reviews LA - en SN - 02773791 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0277379125002938 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:24:09 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Landform basis for the rise of early cities in the upper Jialu river basin, central China AU - Li, Ye AU - Lu, Peng AU - Chen, Panpan AU - Wang, Hui AU - Yang, Shugang AU - Zhao, Xiangli AU - Liao, Yinan AU - Tian, Yan AU - Wang, Zhen AU - Mo, Duowen T2 - Quaternary International AB - As a significant emblem of human culture, the emergence and evolution of early cities represent a pivotal milestone in the chronicles of human history. However, the environmental mechanisms underlying the rise of early cities are still ambiguous. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive investigation of early cities and their landform basis in the upper Jialu River basin of Central China. By field surveys, OSL dating, and grain size analysis, we reconstructed the fluvial geomorphic evolution since the late Pleistocene and examined how landforms influenced the distribution of early city sites. The results showed that the water system pattern, including the Jialu River and its tributaries, had been established during the early Pleistocene. At 80-16 ka BP, there was continuous accumulation in the area. From 15 to 9.8 ka BP, the river incision resulted in the formation of the expansive T3 terrace. Between 9.8 and 2.5 ka BP, the regional geomorphology stabilized. Around 2.5 ka BP, river downcutting resulted in the formation of the T2 terrace. Following a minor accumulation phase, the T1 terrace emerged during the late historical period. The region’s distinctive through-shaped landform was instrumental in the emergence and evolution of early cities. The landscape stability resulting from the river incision facilitated early urbanization and the expansion of urban areas. The river incision also fixed river channels in the plain areas, which were previously occupied by swamps and wetlands that gradually transformed into land, providing a foundation for the establishment of Zhengzhou Shang City, the capital of the early Shang Dynasty. DA - 2025/06// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109842 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 735 SP - 109842 J2 - Quaternary International LA - en SN - 10406182 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1040618225001855 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:24:06 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Hydrodynamics of late Quaternary outburst floods along the Yigong River, Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis AU - Xiaolong, Huang AU - Pan, Wang AU - Yanguo, Fang AU - Hao, Ye AU - Feng, Liu T2 - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology AB - Glacier-induced damming of major Tibetan rivers has been hypothesized to reduce fluvial incision rates and modulate erosion processes, thereby influencing geomorphic stability along the margins of the Tibetan Plateau. The Yigong River, located in the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis, serves as a critical test site for evaluating this hypothesis due to its documented history of episodic damming. We identify five paleo-dam events from the last glacial period, focusing on one event at the confluence of the Xiaqu and Yigong Rivers through employing field investigations, optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating, and geophysical surveys. Dam formation is dated to between 12.68 ± 1.17 ka and 10.48 ± 1.02 ka, linked to glacial moraine deposits from the Xiaqu River obstructing the Yigong River channel. Hydrodynamic modeling using HEC-RAS with a 30-m grid resolution and a Manning’s n of 0.045 indicates a maximum flow depth of approximately 60 m through the Tsangpo Gorge. Model results estimate a peak discharge of 4.36 × 104 m3/s following the dam breach, well below previously suggested high-magnitude flood thresholds (~106 m3/s). These findings imply that the reconstructed paleoflood likely did not cause the extensive erosion noted in earlier geomorphic studies. However, similar paleoflood events likely played a significant role in downsteam transport of fine sediment through the Tsangpo Gorge. DA - 2025/10// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.palaeo.2025.113168 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 676 SP - 113168 J2 - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology LA - en SN - 00310182 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0031018225004535 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:24:03 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Hydroclimate variability in the eastern Kimberley, Australia, since the last deglaciation AU - Dixon, Teresa AU - Rudd, Rachel AU - Kemp, Justine AU - Marx, Samuel AU - Moss, Patrick AU - Callow, John Nikolaus AU - Hall, Philip Anthony AU - Hua, Quan AU - McGowan, Hamish T2 - Journal of Quaternary Science AB - The climate of the Kimberley region in tropical northwest Australia is dominated by the Indo‐Australian summer monsoon (IASM). Understanding of the palaeoclimate since the Last Glacial Maximum in this region, which is well placed to record IASM variations, is currently based on few records. Many of these are confounded by local environmental factors such as topography, anthropogenic activity or marine processes. Here, we present a geochemical record spanning the last 17 ka, in conjunction with pollen and charcoal records from 5.4 ± 0.1 ka (1 sigma uncertainty) to the present. The record comes from the floodplain of the Bullo River and as such represents variations in the hydroclimate of its 2000 km2 catchment. Results show that the deglacial was characterised by a variable monsoon until the onset of a wet interval beginning at 12.9 ± 0.9 ka. The exact onset and intensity of a dry period following 5 ka are uncertain, but conditions became progressively drier until the climate amelioration to modern conditions. These results are broadly consistent with previous research and extend our understanding of deglacial and Holocene hydroclimate variability to the eastern Kimberley, 350 km east of previously published Kimberley palaeoenvironmental records. DA - 2025/07// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1002/jqs.3710 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 40 IS - 5 SP - 893 EP - 912 J2 - J Quaternary Science LA - en SN - 0267-8179, 1099-1417 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jqs.3710 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:24:01 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Holocene geomorphic process recorded by OSL dating of Linggo Co delta and outwash terraces from the Puruogangri area in the central Tibetan Plateau AU - Yuan, Wenjie AU - Pan, Baolin AU - Yi, Chaolu AU - Wei, Mingjian AU - Yan, Ping AU - Zhao, Junxiang AU - Liu, Xiuying AU - Xu, Xiangke AU - Dong, Guocheng AU - Li, Xinling T2 - Earth Surface Processes and Landforms AB - Geomorphic processes are shaped by climate changes, tectonic movements and human activities. Investigating these interactions is crucial for understanding climate change and landform dynamics. However, the mechanisms driving landform development in high-altitude regions such as the Tibetan Plateau (TP), largely unaffected by human or tectonic activities since the Holocene, remain unclear. This study investigated the Puruogangri icefield region on the central Tibetan Plateau (TP), where diverse landforms such as lakes, rivers, sand dunes and glaciers could offer valuable insights for geomorphic research. Using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating, we analysed the Linggo Co delta and its outwash terraces. The results indicate that the lake maintained a higher water level from 6.2 to 3.5 ka, which dropped between 3.5 and 2.5 ka. The outwash terraces were formed during the periods of accelerated glacier melting around 5.0, 1.8 and 0.6 ka, with warm periods leading to the formation of delta foreset deposits and outwash terraces, while the cold periods characterised by reduced glacier meltwater resulted in the topset deposits as the lake levels decreased. These findings reveal that temperature could be the dominant factor influencing fluvial landform development in this region. DA - 2025/10// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1002/esp.70169 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 50 IS - 13 SP - e70169 J2 - Earth Surf Processes Landf LA - en SN - 0197-9337, 1096-9837 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/esp.70169 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:23:58 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Geology and chronology of the Ndutu and Naisiusiu type sites: implications for Middle and Later Stone Age occupations at Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania) AU - Martín-Perea, David Manuel AU - Medialdea, Alicia AU - Marín, Juan AU - Abellán, Natalia AU - Solano-Megías, Irene AU - Arteaga, Carlos AU - Rodríguez-Hidalgo, Antonio AU - Uribelarrea, David AU - Arroyo, Xabier AU - Gidna, Agness AU - Mabulla, Audax AU - Maíllo-Fernández, José Manuel T2 - Quaternary Science Reviews AB - Olduvai Gorge (northern Tanzania) preserves a rich and continuous paleoanthropological record spanning the past two million years. While its Early Stone Age occupations have been intensively studied, the Middle and Later Stone Age sequences, represented by the Ndutu and Naisiusiu Beds, remain less understood. This study presents new geological and geochronological data from the type localities of the Ndutu and Naisiusiu Beds. Using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL), we establish a revised chronological framework for these sedimentary units. The Lower Ndutu Beds, composed of fluvially reworked conglomerates and sands capped by a trachytic tuff and silts, are now dated between 152.9 ± 11.6 ka and 122.9 ± 8.3 ka. The Upper Ndutu Beds include archaeologically rich sandy and silty facies and are dated between 86.9 ± 4.5 ka and 70.8 ± 10.4 ka. At the Naisiusiu type site, a sequence of fluvial, sheetwash, and aeolian deposits yielded OSL dates ranging from 65.3 ± 4.4 ka to 32.8 ± 2.2 ka, suggesting that the LSA occupation at Olduvai began significantly earlier than previously assumed. These results provide refined age estimates for the Middle and Later Stone Age deposits at Olduvai Gorge and confirm a relatively rapid transition between these two technocomplexes during the Late Pleistocene. The data strengthen regional correlations with sites like Nasera and Mumba, providing critical chronological resolution to ongoing debates about the tempo and mode of behavioural evolution in eastern Africa. DA - 2025/11// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109578 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 368 SP - 109578 J2 - Quaternary Science Reviews LA - en SN - 02773791 ST - Geology and chronology of the Ndutu and Naisiusiu type sites UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0277379125003981 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:23:56 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Fluvial terraces of the lower Mekong River reflect quaternary global sea level fluctuations as a likely response to Himalayan glacial/deglacial runoff AU - Carling, P.A. AU - Meshkova, L. AU - Srivastava, A. AU - Kinnaird, T. AU - Ding, Z. AU - Robinson, R. AU - Darby, S.E. AU - Fan, X. T2 - Geomorphology AB - Knowledge of the Quaternary history of the lower Mekong, the major river within Cambodia, is basic. Herein we advance understanding by investigations of river terrace topographic expression and stratigraphy. Satellite images, digital elevation models and fieldwork have been used to define the terrace elevations and extent. Three terrace levels can be recognized, separated in the vertical, lateral and temporal dimensions by distinctive sedimentary signatures. Strath surfaces and alluvial cover have been dated using terrestrial cosmogenic and optical luminescence protocols. The highest level (T1: notionally +100 m above present sea level) is a discontinuous, degraded, bedrock strath with a patchy veneer of well-weathered fluvial cobble gravel. T1 is younger than a regionally significant meteorite impact ~800 ka (Marine Isotope Stage2 20), and older than basalt flows on its surface (600 ka?). The T1 level was abandoned before 99.42 ± 7.52 ka (the end of the glacial MIS 5d), as the river incised in response to a rapidly falling sea level, to form a broad continuous strath terrace (level T2) exhibiting a thin alluvial cover, between 70 m and 40 m above sea level. The T2 terrace is composed of partially lateritic, interlayered, sand and gravel beds lying above weathered bedrock (blue/red clay). The basal deposits on the T2 level date to 70.65 ± 5.13 ka, following a sea level rise to a short-lived elevation of around +30 m around 80 ka (MIS 5a). The T2 level was progressively down cut between 57.73 ± 5.31 ka and 38.66 ± 2.40 ka (MIS 3). Steadily falling sea level sustained MIS 3 incision which reached c., 10 m above the modern river level c., 33.03 ± 3.09 ka, before the offshore minimum in sea level, c., 23 ka, i.e., towards the end of the Last Glacial Maximum. A loam-rich sandy terrace (T3; c., 0.45 ka (MIS 1)) is developed locally at c., +20 m above sea level. The timing of abrupt incisions, leading to the abandonment of the T1 and T2 levels, coincide with the onset of cool glacial stadials and falls in global sea level, whilst initial aggradation on the T2 level broadly can be associated with MIS 4. Despite a reduction in the contribution of glacial runoff from the Himalaya and Tibet towards the end of the Pleistocene, channel narrowing from T1 onwards has sustained the erosive power of the river, such that the rate of incision has only slowed within the Holocene. DA - 2025/07// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.109756 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 480 SP - 109756 J2 - Geomorphology LA - en SN - 0169555X UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0169555X25001667 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:23:54 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Extreme flood events in the Yi and Shu river basins of the Haidai region (Shandong Province, China) during the late Holocene: Implications for future risk prediction AU - Shi, Tianyu AU - Miao, Xiaodong AU - Shen, Hongyuan AU - Zhai, Qiumin AU - Wang, Songna T2 - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology AB - Modern floods in the Yi and Shu river basins (YSRs), the largest mountain torrent channels in the Haidai region, Shandong Province, China, are often triggered by monsoonal rainfall, shaping the fluvial landscape through frequent inundations. However, our understanding of flood events remains limited due to short observational records and their limited spatial distribution. The lack of long and complete palaeoflood records limit our understanding of extreme flood events, hindering risk prediction and prevention efforts. In this study, we examine the sediment characteristics of two palaeoflood profiles in the YSRs and, based on twelve optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages, four 14C ages, and grain size-sensitive components, identified three exceptional palaeoflood periods: 4.1–3.9 ka, 3.4–2.9 ka, and 0.88–0.7 ka, along with a less severe flood period during 0.7–0.1 ka. An analysis of pollen records, stalagmite data, historical flood records, and El Ni˜no-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) activity reveals a strong correlation between palaeofloods in the YSRs basin and other major rivers (Yellow River, Huai River, Han River, and Yangtze River) with a significant negative correlation to the intensity of the East Asian Summer Monsoon and a positive correlation to the ENSO intensity. These palaeoflood events are typically closely linked to global climate shifts during the late Holocene, including the 4.2 ka event, the 2.8 ka event, and the Little Ice Age. Simultaneous occurrences of climatic deterioration (arid and cold) and palaeofloods during 4.1–3.9 ka and 3.4–2.9 ka may have contributed to cultural disruptions during the Late Longshan Culture period and the decline of the Shang culture in the Haidai area. We argue that these hydroclimatic events are regional expressions of global climate phenomena, and the identified palaeofloods offer key insights into how East Asian rivers respond to global climate change. DA - 2025/09// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.palaeo.2025.113011 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 674 SP - 113011 J2 - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology LA - en SN - 00310182 ST - Extreme flood events in the Yi and Shu river basins of the Haidai region (Shandong Province, China) during the late Holocene UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0031018225002962 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:23:51 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Evolutionary history of a paleo-oxbow lake in the Yellow River within the Zoige Basin, NE Tibetan Plateau AU - Cao, Pengpeng AU - Zhang, Yuzhu AU - Zhu, Yan AU - Wang, Ninglian AU - Huang, Chun Chang AU - Shi, Xiaohui AU - Pang, Jiangli AU - Li, Yuqin AU - Zhou, Jinpeng AU - Wang, Sikai AU - Jin, Yao AU - Li, Mengting AU - Huang, Xiaoling AU - Shen, Mingjian AU - Dong, Jibao T2 - Quaternary International AB - Paleochannel sections can provide abundant information on environmental changes at a basin scale. The interplay among meander cutoff dynamics, extreme overbank flooding and climate transitions remains poorly constrained in major river systems on the northeast (NE) Tibetan Plateau. Through systematic and detailed field investigations within the Zoige Basin on the plateau, a typical paleochannel (paleo-oxbow lake type) section in the Yellow River was selected to study its evolutionary history. Integrated field sedimentological observations and laboratory physico-chemical analyses reveal that the stratigraphic succession comprises, in ascending order: riverbed deposits, river-lake transition deposits, paleo-oxbow lake deposits (A), overbank flood deposits (OFD), paleo-oxbow lake deposits (B) and modern soil. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating results indicate that the paleochannel in the Yellow River underwent a neck cutoff at 4290 ± 490 a, leading to the formation of the paleo-oxbow lake. This marked the gradual transition from a fluvial environment to an oxbow lake environment. An episode of extreme overbank flooding in the Yellow River, documented by the OFD, occurred at between 3280 ± 260 and 3010 ± 450 a. This period corresponds to the climatic transition from the midHolocene Climatic Optimum to the late Holocene, when anomalous atmospheric circulation patterns and increased precipitation variability triggered extreme overbank flooding within the basin. These results are significant for unraveling the evolutionary process of river channels and the climatic background of extreme floods on the Tibetan Plateau. DA - 2025/09// PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109938 DP - DOI.org (Crossref) VL - 745 SP - 109938 J2 - Quaternary International LA - en SN - 10406182 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1040618225002812 Y2 - 2025/12/12/06:23:49 ER -